Tradeflow Study - UNDP Black Sea Trade and Investment Promotion ...

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. Table 23f. FDI in Turkey (2005) Industry Inflow (US$ Mio) Per capita in US$ Inward stock 2005 (US$ Mio) % Chg p.a. 2002- 5 Finance 4,016.0 55 12,355.0 0.9 Transport, storage & comm. 3,285.0 45 14,053.0 1.2 Textiles, clothing and leather 187.0 3 656.0 0.4 Chemicals and chemical products 174.0 2 2,527.0 0.5 Metal and metal products 139.0 2 752.0 0.4 Motor vehicles/transport equip. 106.0 1 6,399.0 0.4 Construction 92.0 1 101.0 -0.4 Other services 86.0 1 241.0 0.6 Health and social services 74.0 1 441.0 0.1 Wholesale and retail trade 68.0 1 5,865.0 0.6 Food, beverages and tobacco 68.0 1 3,760.0 0.3 Non-metallic mineral products 53.0 1 2,360.0 1.1 Hotels and restaurants 42.0 1 1,289.0 1.1 Mining and quarrying 40.0 1 1,972.0 1.1 Business activities 29.0 0 1,856.0 ... Wood and wood products 23.0 0 650.0 0.4 Education 17.0 0 64.0 ... Machinery and equipment 13.0 0 1,103.0 0.1 Electrical and electronic equipment 13.0 0 1,142.0 0.4 Rubber and plastic products 8.0 0 1,113.0 0.3 Agriculture and hunting 5.0 0 319.0 1.3 Other manufacturing 4.0 0 33.0 -0.6 Electricity, gas and water 4.0 0 3,468.0 0.3 Unspecified secondary ... ... ... ... Coke, petroleum & fuel ... ... 761.0 0.3 Forestry and Fishing (PRODUCTS) ... ... 5.0 ... Source: ITC Investment Map, 2007; UNCTAD World Investment Report, Various years 72/135
Table 23g. FDI in Ukraine (2005) Industry Inflow (US$ Mio Per capita in US$ Inward stock 2005 (US$ Mio) % Chg p.a. 2002- 5 Wholesale and retail trade 423.0 9 1,569.4 0.3 Business activities 193.4 4 589.9 0.6 Finance 178.7 4 688.4 0.3 Chemicals and chemical products 151.0 3 472.5 0.3 Food, beverages and tobacco 107.9 2 1,125.1 0.1 Transport, storage & comm. 93.2 2 630.4 0.3 Hotels and restaurants 68.9 1 258.0 0.3 Machinery and equipment 67.3 1 677.2 0.2 Unspecified tertiary 55.1 1 163.2 0.4 Construction 48.1 1 247.2 0.2 Wood and wood products 45.0 1 153.1 0.3 Coke, petroleum & fuel 28.3 1 213.9 0.0 Non-metallic mineral products 24.6 1 173.0 0.2 Textiles, clothing and leather 20.4 0 120.0 0.2 Health and social services 17.7 0 156.0 0.1 Unspecified secondary 13.4 0 259.0 0.2 Electricity, gas and water -14.3 0 36.0 -0.4 Metal and metal products -31.8 -1 425.9 0.2 Source: ITC Investment Map, 2007; UNCTAD World Investment Report, Various years Investment opportunities will reflect a number of the conditions that have been reviewed such as the institutional framework, the enforcement of regulations, the predictability of government policy, the level of economic growth and the opportunities for trade. The level of protection will be a major determinant for opportunities at the manufacturing level, while the commitments made by countries in the WTO GATS Agreement under mode 3 (commercial presence) will be a major determinant of the opportunities for investment in service sectors. In this light, sectoral opportunities for FDI in goods reflect the opportunities for export potential provided for in section II.2., while FDI opportunities in services are present in mode 3 liberalisation commitments which vary from country to country but generally few limitations for market access or national treatment exist for business services (except Romania and Turkey), distribution services, communication services (except Armenia and Turley) environmental services, educational services (except Greece, Romania and Turkey), health services (except Turkey), tourism (except Greece) and recreational, cultural and personal services (except Romania and Turkey). Financial and insurance services, construction and transportation services have more limitation on market access and national treatment and this may present less opportunities for establishing a commercial presence. 73/135
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Black Sea Economic Cooperation: Stu
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. Table of Contents Abbreviations .
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. Table 15d. Greece’s Commitments
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. Abbreviations BSEC EBRD EU EUROST
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. econometric model, referred to as
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. In this regard, travel services h
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. stock and foreign affiliates acti
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Current account balance (% of GDP)
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% of GDP . The dynamism of the priv
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. I.2. Background to Trade and Inve
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. II. Trade Potential and Opportuni
Page 24 and 25: . As mentioned earlier, the major e
Page 26 and 27: Imports Perspective . There are cer
Page 28 and 29: . II.1.3 Intra-industry trade betwe
Page 30 and 31: j j . x is the value of total expo
Page 32 and 33: . Table 10 provides a summary of th
Page 34 and 35: . Table 11. Twenty five products wi
Page 36 and 37: . Wood and wood products, in parti
Page 38 and 39: . Metal products, in particular HS
Page 40 and 41: Maximum MFN in Region (%) . make cr
Page 42 and 43: . II.4. Services With the exception
Page 44 and 45: . Table 13. Performance of trade in
Page 46 and 47: . Table 14a. Indicative Service Exp
Page 48 and 49: . Table 14e. Indicative Service Exp
Page 50 and 51: . Table 14i. Indicative Service Exp
Page 52 and 53: . divided by each mode of supply, f
Page 54 and 55: . Table 15b. Armenia’s Commitment
Page 56 and 57: . Table 15d. Greece’s Commitments
Page 58 and 59: . Table 15f. Turkey’s Commitments
Page 60 and 61: . Other commercial services (which
Page 62 and 63: . Table 16 Foreign direct investmen
Page 64 and 65: . In terms of existence of a legal
Page 66 and 67: . III.3. Sectoral opportunities BSE
Page 68 and 69: . service sector (retail, business
Page 70 and 71: . Table 23b. FDI in Bulgaria (2005)
Page 72 and 73: . Table 23d. FDI in Romania (2005)
Page 76 and 77: . 74/135
Page 78 and 79: . of trade in services performance,
Page 80 and 81: . Egger, P. (2002), An Econometric
Page 82 and 83: . World Bank (2005), Trade, Transp
Page 84 and 85: . Annex 1. Trade Indicators 82/135
Page 86 and 87: . Table A2. Major Import Partners f
Page 88 and 89: . Table A4. Major Import by Product
Page 90 and 91: Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Bulgaria
Page 92 and 93: . HS Description ALB ARM AZE BGR GE
Page 94 and 95: . Table A7 Trade intensity in BSEC
Page 96 and 97: . HS Description ALB ARM AZE BGR GE
Page 98 and 99: . country I and country j’s capit
Page 100 and 101: . Annex 2.3. Results of Gravity Equ
Page 102 and 103: . Georgia Sector / Exports to ALB A
Page 104 and 105: . Russia Sector / Exports to ALB AR
Page 106: . Annex 2.4. Results of Trade Flow
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Page 117: Annex 2.5. Results of Trade Flow An
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. Note: Excludes energy and tobacco
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