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THE ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL STATUS HAS AN IMPACT ON THE TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILE AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF TOMATO FRUIT Alessandra Salvioli 1 *, Ines Zouari 1 *, Michel Chalot 3 , Paola Bonfante 1,2 *these authors contributed equally to the research 1 Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Torino, viale Mattioli 25 10125, Torino, Italy 2 IPP-CNR, viale Mattioli 25 10125, Torino, Italy 3 Université Henri Poincaré – Nancy I, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, UMR INRA/UHP 1136 Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is the most widespread association between plant roots and fungi in natural and agricultural ecosystems. The success in time and space of AM symbiosis is mostly due to the benefits that both partners gain, which are above all due to a reciprocal nutrient exchange. As a consequence, AM fungi are currently considered key players in agronomic practices as they may lead to a reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and are therefore potentially important component for the sustainable management of agricultural ecosystems. This work investigated for the first time the influence of mycorrhization on the economically relevant part of the tomato plant, by analyzing its impact on the physiology of the fruit. To this aim, a combination of phenological observations, transcriptomics (Microarrays and qRT-PCR) and biochemical analyses was used to unravel the changes that occur during the ripening of fruit from Micro-tom tomato plants colonized by the AM fungus Glomus mosseae. Mycorrhization has exerted a positive effect on fruit productivity and accelerated the flowering and ripening processes. Eleven transcripts were differentially regulated in the fruit upon mycorrhization, and the mycorrhiza-responsive genes are involved in nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction and response to hormonal stimuli. Mycorrhization has increased the amino acid abundance in the fruit from mycorrhizal plants, with glutamine and asparagine being the most responsive amino acids. The obtained results offer original and novel data on the systemic changes that are induced by the establishment of AM symbiosis in the plant, and confirm the hypothesis that AM fungi extend their influence from the root to the fruit.
RECENT ADVANCES IN COMPARTMENTATION AND SPECIATION ANALYSIS OF IRON AND ZINC IN THE CEREAL GRAIN Søren Husted, Daniel Persson, Thomas H. Hansen, Jan K. Schjørring University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Science, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark Key-words: Deficiency, Bioavailability, Speciation analysis, Multi-dimensional Chromatography, LC-ICP-MS Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) deficiency in humans is a serious problem in major parts of the world, not least in regions where people live on a cereal based diet. Iron and Zn deficiency leads to a number of diseases including anemia, mental retardment, stunted growth, immune dysfunction and various skin diseases. Consequently, there is an urgent need to increase the density and bioavailability of Fe and Zn in the edible parts of cereals. In this presentation we will provide a state-of-the-art overview on the current methods to study compartmentation of Fe and Zn between different tissue types of the cereal gain and present the most advanced methods to study their chemical speciation. This information is essential in order to study and improve the bioavailability of Fe and Zn. Recent developments in compartmentation analysis using micro X-ray fluorescence Spectroscopy (µXRF), nano-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (nano-SIMS) and LA-ICP-MS (Laser Ablation - Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry) have significantly expanded our knowledge on how Fe and Zn are distributed between the key-tissue types of e.g. wheat rice and barley grains. Moreover, novel information about the chemical binding forms of Fe and Zn are emerging, using a combination of multi-dimensional chromatography coupled to ICP-MS. This has recently shown that Zn predominately is bound to thiol-rich water soluble peptides, whereas Fe is bound to phytate oligomers. Moreover, it has been shown that the bioavailability of Fe and Zn in grains can be markedly improved by increasing the biosynthesis of low molecular weight ligands such as nicotianamine (NA), due to a change in Fe and Zn speciation.
Page 1: PROCEEDING OF
Page 4 and 5: INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE:
Page 6 and 7: Second Annual Conference and MC Mee
Page 8 and 9: 16:30 16:30- Zeshan Hassan, Sangita
Page 10 and 11: processes 16:10 Coffee break 16:30
Page 13 and 14: HOW TO INFLUENCE THE CD CONTENT IN
Page 15 and 16: ZN UPTAKE BY WHEAT IN THE PRESENCE
Page 17 and 18: NANOSIMS: A TECHNIQUE FOR SUBCELLUL
Page 19: IN VITRO MINERAL AVAILABILITY IN PE
Page 23 and 24: production, breeding and processing
Page 25 and 26: SUBSTANTIAL NATURAL VARIATION IN MI
Page 27 and 28: ADAPTIVE MECHANISMS OF HYPERACCUMUL
Page 29 and 30: BREEDING CROPS FOR BETTER NUTRITION
Page 31 and 32: Fig 1, 190x showing biochar’s var
Page 33 and 34: V. SIMULTANEOUS BIOFORTIFICATION OF
Page 35 and 36: PCP1 AND ATOSA1: PROTEINS INVOLVED
Page 37 and 38: FROM ENZYMATIC BROWNING IN FRUITS A
Page 39 and 40: PROGRESS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF CA
Page 41 and 42: THE ROLE OF BIOCHAR IN THE PHYTOREM
Page 43 and 44: PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND
Page 45: ARSENIC IN RICE: GASTROINTESTINAL B
Page 49 and 50: SALINITY AND MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS:
Page 51 and 52: ALIMURGIC HERBS AS POTENTIAL SOURCE
Page 53 and 54: EFFECTS OF BIOCHAR AND GREENWASTE C
Page 55 and 56: UPTAKE OF ARSENIC INTO TOMATO PLANT
Page 57 and 58: EFFECTS OF SELENIUM ON THE GROWTH P
Page 59 and 60: EFFECT OF ADDITION OF SULPHUR FERTI
Page 61 and 62: I. SIMULTANEOUS BIOFORTIFICATION OF
Page 63 and 64: EFFECTS OF BIO-(PHYTO-, FUNGI) GENI
Page 65 and 66: ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL (PB, CD,
Page 67 and 68: ZINC FLUXES INTO THE DEVELOPING BAR
Page 69 and 70: THE PRESENCE OF COPPER (Cu 2+ ) IN
Page 71 and 72:
DETECTION OF CADMIUM DISTRIBUTION I
Page 73 and 74:
DETERMINATION OF POLLUTION OF DRINK
Page 75 and 76:
EARLY RESPONSES IN ROOT MERISTEM OF
Page 77 and 78:
BUCKWHEAT PRODUCTION ON ACID AND LO
Page 79 and 80:
THE IMPACT OF HEAVY METALS ON RED C
Page 81 and 82:
HOW TO ENHANCE NUTRIENT ASSIMILATIO
Page 83 and 84:
CONTROLLING CADMIUM ACCUMULATION IN
Page 85 and 86:
RESPONSES OF SORGHUM PLANTS TO STRE
Page 87 and 88:
TO BE ECO, OR NOT TO BE? - SOME ASP
Page 89 and 90:
III. SIMULTANEOUS BIOFORTIFICATION
Page 91 and 92:
TRACE ELEMENTS, GLUTATHIONE AND DIA
Page 93 and 94:
COMPOST INCORPORATION IN SOIL DECRE
Page 95 and 96:
INFLUENCE OF PUTRESCINE APPLICATION
Page 97 and 98:
POSSIBLE NICOTIANAMINE INVOLVEMENT
Page 99 and 100:
NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SELECTED SPR
Page 101:
HOW DOES THE GREEN REVOLUTION AFFEC
Page 105 and 106:
Aarts Mark; Lab. of Genetics, Wagen
Page 107 and 108:
Lacatusu Radu; National Research In
Page 109:
Schwitzguebel Jean-Paul; EPFL, Labo
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