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Calculating the WQCV and Volume Reduction Chapter 3
For simplicity, the 1-hour rainfall intensity can be approximated as the 1-hour point precipitation
depth for a given frequency. The 1-hour point precipitation values can be determined from Rainfall
Depth-Duration-Frequency figures in the Rainfall chapter of Volume 1.
3. Using the appropriate figure (Figure 3-9 for the conveyance-based approach or Figure 3-10 for the
storage-based approach), determine the Imperviousness Reduction Factor, K, corresponding to where
the appropriate f/I line would be intersected by the x-axis value for area-weighted imperviousness.
Note: Figure 3-10 for the storage-based approach should only be used if the full WQCV is
provided for the sub-watershed. If quantification of volume reduction benefits of only a fraction of
the WQCV (one-half for example) is required, Figure 3-10 is not applicable and SWMM modeling
will be required.
For the example, the K value corresponding to f/I = 2.0 and an area-weighted imperviousness of 50%
using the conveyance-based chart, Figure 3-9, is 0.60. It is very important to note that this K
value applies only to the disconnected portion of the sub-watershed (i.e., UIA + RPA).
4. Calculate the effective imperviousness of the sub-watershed. This calculation must factor in both
connected and disconnected portions of the site:
DCIA + (K ∙ UIA)
I Effective (%) =
DCIA + UIA + RPA + SPA ∙ 100
For the example, with DCIA = UIA = RPA = SPA = 0.25 acres and K = 0.60:
0.25 + (0.60 ∙ 0.25)
I Effective (%) =
∙ 100 = 40%
0.25 + 0.25 + 0.25 + 0.25
This can be compared to the total area-weighted imperviousness for the sub-watershed
= (DCIA + UIA)/ (DCIA + UIA + RPA + SPA) × 100% = 50%.
To calculate volume reduction benefits associated with conveyance- or storage-based approaches, the
effective imperviousness values determined according to this procedure (or using the spreadsheet tool
UD-BMP) can be used in WQCV calculations and detention storage equations, such as the empirical
storage equations in the Storage chapter of Volume 1. The WQCV and detention volume
requirements calculated using the effective imperviousness can be compared with the same
calculations using total sub-watershed imperviousness to determine potential volume reductions.
Section 5.2 provides an example of the storage-based approach to complement the conveyance-based
example above, as well as guidance for using the spreadsheet tool.
4.4 Other Types of Credits for Volume Reduction BMPs/LID
In addition to facility sizing reduction credits following the quantitative procedures in Section 4.3,
communities can also consider other incentives to encourage volume reduction practices. Such incentives
will depend on the policies and objectives of local governments. Representative examples that could be
considered include:
• Stormwater utility fee credits.
• Lower stormwater system development fees when certain minimum criteria are met.
3-20 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District August 2011
Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3