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Preface Public Agency Review/Contributors Adams County Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8 Arapahoe County City of Fort Collins City of Arvada City of Golden City of Aurora City of Greenwood Village Boulder County Jefferson County City and County of Broomfield City of Lakewood City of Castle Rock City of Littleton Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority City of Loveland Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment City of Lone Tree Colorado State University City of Northglenn Colorado Stormwater Council Town of Parker City and County of Denver Southeast Metro Stormwater Authority Denver Botanic Gardens University of Colorado Douglas County City of Westminster Additional Contributors/Reviewers Adam Nelson David Bennetts Mark Fusco Alan Searcy David Smith Matthew Czahor Amy Schneider Debbie Kula Mike Sarmento Ashley Byerley Dennis Welker Nancy Arthur Basil Hamdan Eric Nelson Nathan Moore Ben Mehmen Frank Kemme Nicole Johnson Bernie Cawley Fred Bromberger Pam Acre Bill McCormick George Cotton Peggy Graham Bill Ruzzo Greg Davis Pieter Van Ry Bill Wenk Gregory Weeks Rich Borchardt Billy Grigg Herman Feissner Robert Krehbiel Bob Harberg James McCarthy Saeed Farahmandi Brian Campbell Jay Peters Stacey Thompson Brian Schram Jennifer Bousselot Suzanne Moore Bryan Kohlenberg Jim Lenhart Tanna Boisvert Chris Carlson Joanna Czarnecka Ted Christianson Cindy Thrush Joe Chaplin Terri Kohls Dan Hartman Joe Kerrigan Terry Baus Danny Elsner John Burke Tom Williams Darin Duran Laddie Fromelius Walt Hime Darren Mollendor Laura Kroeger Ward Mahanke August 2011 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District i-2 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3
Preface 2.0 Purpose Volume 3 of the Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual (USDCM) is designed to provide guidance for engineers, planners, landscape architects, developers, and Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit holders in selecting designing, maintaining, and carrying out best management practices (BMPs) to minimize water quality and quantity impacts from stormwater runoff. Whereas Volumes 1 and 2 of this manual focus primarily on stormwater quantity management for drainage and flood control purposes, Volume 3 focuses on smaller, more frequently occurring events that have the greatest overall impact on the quality of receiving waters. 3.0 Overview This manual is organized according to these topics: • Chapter 1: Stormwater Management and Planning. In order to effectively design stormwater quality BMPs, it is important to understand the impacts of urbanization on receiving waters, as well as to understand the federal and state regulatory requirements under the Clean Water Act. Chapter 1 provides basic information on these topics and introduces UDFCD’s approach to reducing the impacts of urban runoff through implementation of a holistic Four Step Process (see inset below). UDFCD continues to emphasize the importance of implementing all four steps in this process. Chapter 1 provides expanded guidance on Step 1 (Runoff Reduction), which has historically been implemented only minimally, but will be increasingly important to comply with new federal regulations and state stormwater discharge permits. The Four-Step Process for Stormwater Quality Management Step 1 Employ Runoff Reduction Practices: To reduce runoff peaks, volumes, and pollutant loads from urbanizing areas, implement Low Impact Development (LID) strategies, including measures to "minimize directly connected impervious areas" (MDCIA). These practices reduce unnecessary impervious areas and route runoff from impervious surfaces over permeable areas to slow runoff (increase time of concentration) and promote onsite storage and infiltration. Step 2 Implement BMPs that Provide a Water Quality Capture Volume (WQCV) with Slow Release: After runoff has been reduced, the remaining runoff must be treated through capture and slow release of the WQCV. WQCV facilities may provide both water quality and runoff reduction benefits, depending on the BMP selected. This manual provides design guidance for BMPs providing treatment of the WQCV. Step 3 Stabilize Drainageways: During and following urban development, natural drainageways are often subject to bed and bank erosion due to increases in the frequency, rate, duration, and volume of runoff. Although Steps 1 and 2 help to minimize these effects, some degree of drainageway stabilization is required. Many drainageways within UDFCD boundaries are included in major drainageway or outfall systems plans, identifying recommended channel stabilization measures. If this can be done early, it is far more likely that natural drainageway functions can be maintained with the addition of grade control to accommodate future development. It is also less costly to stabilize a relatively stable drainageway rather than to repair an unraveled channel. Step 4 Implement Site Specific and Other Source Control BMPs: Frequently, site-specific needs or operations require source control BMPs. This refers to implementation of both structural and procedural BMPs. i-3 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District August 2011
Page 3 and 4: Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manua
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Urban Storm Drain
Page 7: Disclaimer Attention all persons us
Page 11: Preface 1.0 Acknowledgements The Ur
Page 15 and 16: Preface • Glossary: A glossary is
Page 17 and 18: Preface fps ft FHWA GB GS H:V HSG F
Page 19: Chapter 1 Stormwater Management and
Page 22 and 23: Stormwater Management and Planning
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Page 46 and 47: BMP Selection Chapter 2 area is too
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Page 50 and 51: BMP Selection Chapter 2 Table 2-2.
Page 52 and 53: BMP Selection Chapter 2 1.4 Storage
Page 54 and 55: BMP Selection Chapter 2 1.8 Online
Page 56 and 57: BMP Selection Chapter 2 reflect the
Page 58 and 59: BMP Selection Chapter 2 Figure 2-2.
Page 60 and 61: BMP Selection Chapter 2 3.0 Life Cy
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BMP Selection Chapter 2 5.0 Referen
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Figure 3-15. Colorado Green Impervi
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Calculating the WQCV and Volume Red
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Chapter 4 Treatment BMPs Contents 1
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Treatment BMPs Chapter 4 2.0 Treatm
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Treatment BMPs Chapter 4 3.0 Refere
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Grass Buffer T-1 4. Buffer Slope: T
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Grass Buffer T-1 Turf grasses such
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Grass Buffer T-1 Figure GB-2. Typic
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Grass Buffer T-1 References Barrett
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T-2 Grass Swale • Provide access
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T-2 Grass Swale 8. Underdrain: An u
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T-2 Grass Swale Figure GS-1. Grass
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T-2 Grass Swale References Chow, Ve
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T-3 Bioretention Site Selection Bio
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T-3 Bioretention Table B-1. Class 1
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Bioretention T-3 Pipe Diameter Tabl
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Bioretention T-3 6. Inlet/Outlet Co
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Bioretention T-3 Table B-6. Native
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Bioretention T-3 Figure B-1 - Typic
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Bioretention T-3 November 2010 Urba
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Bioretention T-3 Figure B-2. Geomem
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Bioretention T-3 Construction Examp
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Bioretention T-3 Design Example The
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Bioretention T-3 Design Procedure F
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T-4 Green Roof reduction benefits o
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T-4 Green Roof Figure GR-1. Typical
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Green Roof T-4 6. Planting Method:
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Green Roof T-4 Additional Design Gu
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Green Roof T-4 Colorado Examples Th
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Extended Detention Basin (EDB) T-5
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T-5 Extended Detention Basin (EDB)
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T-6 Sand Filter adjacent structures
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T-6 Sand Filter 5. Impermeable Geom
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T-6 Sand Filter Figure SF-1. Sand F
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T-6 Sand Filter Design Examples The
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Retention Pond T-7 Description A re
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Retention Pond T-7 H = depth of sur
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Retention Pond T-7 Aesthetic Design
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Retention Pond T-7 Design Example F
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Retention Pond T-7 Design Procedure
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Retention Pond T-7 References Bedie
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T-8 Constructed Wetland Pond be des
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T-8 Constructed Wetland Pond Figure
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T-8 Constructed Wetland Pond Design
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T-8 Constructed Wetland Pond Refere
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T-9 Constructed Wetland Channel A c
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T-9 Constructed Wetland Channel Fig
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 Des
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 •
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 inf
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 3.
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 Fig
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 Tab
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 con
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 No-
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Permeable Pavement Systems T-10 Des
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Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pav
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Concrete Grid Pavement T-10.2 Note:
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Pervious Concrete T-10.3 This BMP F
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T-10.4 Porous Gravel Designing for
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T-10.5 Reinforced Grass Designing f
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T-11 Underground BMPs Underground B
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T-11 Underground BMPs • Traffic L
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T-11 Underground BMPs Design Proced
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T-11 Underground BMPs • Wisconsin
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T-11 Underground BMPs For these rea
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T-12 Outlet Structures Orifice Plat
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T-12 Outlet Structures 100 A t / A
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T-12 Outlet Structures Table OS-3a.
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T-12 Outlet Structures Outlet Geome
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T-12 Outlet Structures Figure OS-2.
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Chapter 5 Source Control BMPs Conte
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Source Control BMPs Chapter 5 Table
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Source Control BMPs Chapter 5 • P
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Source Control BMPs Chapter 5 • S
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Source Control BMPs Chapter 5 5.0 R
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S-1 Covering Outdoor Storage and Ha
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S-2 Spill Prevention, Containment a
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S-2 Spill Prevention, Containment a
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S-3 Disposal of Household Waste •
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S-3 Disposal of Household Waste •
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S-4 Illicit Discharge Controls •
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Good Housekeeping S-5 Description G
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Good Housekeeping S-5 purchase orde
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Vehicle Maintenance, Fueling and St
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Vehicle Maintenance, Fueling and St
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S-8 Use of Pesticides, Herbicides a
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S-8 Use of Pesticides, Herbicides a
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Landscape Maintenance S-9 Descripti
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Landscape Maintenance S-9 • When
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Landscape Maintenance S-9 • Maint
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S-10 Snow and Ice Management o o Di
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S-10 Snow and Ice Management • Do
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S-11 Street Sweeping and Cleaning a
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S-12 Storm Sewer System Cleaning Fr
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Stormwater Management and Planning
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 party res
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 with comm
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 4.5 Irrig
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 root syst
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 9.4 Mosqu
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 11.2 Debr
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BMP Maintenance Chapter 6 • Filte
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Construction BMP Fact Sheets Map Sy
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs 1.0 Int
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs 2.2 Sed
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs Table 7
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs o o The
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs • Fin
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs such as
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs Pre-Con
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Chapter 7 Construction BMPs 4.1 Ero
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 4.4 Mat
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 • Slo
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 • Pro
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 constru
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 Service
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 When se
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Construction BMPs Chapter 7 • Tre
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Construction BMP Plan Symbols MS-2
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Construction BMP Plan Symbols MS-4
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Surface Roughening (SR) EC-1 Descri
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Surface Roughening (SR) EC-1 Novemb
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Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS
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Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 Description
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Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 Factors to c
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Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 Installation
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Mulching (MU) EC-4 Description Mulc
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Compost Blanket and Filter Berm (CB
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Compost Blanket and Filter Berm (CB
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Rolled Erosion Control Products (RE
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EC-7 Temporary Slope Drains (TSD) M
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EC-7 Temporary Slope Drains (TSD) S
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EC-8 Temporary Outlet Protection (T
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Rough Cut Street Control (RCS) EC-9
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Rough Cut Street Control (RCS) EC-9
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EC-10 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swal
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EC-10 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swal
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Terracing (TER) EC-11 Description T
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Check Dams (CD) EC-12 Description C
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Check Dams (CD) EC-12 November 2010
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Check Dams (CD) EC-12 November 2010
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Streambank Stabilization (SS) EC-13
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Wind Erosion/Dust Control (DC) EC-1
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MM-1 Concrete Washout Area (CWA) se
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MM-1 Concrete Washout Area (CWA) CW
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MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) When
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MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) SP-4
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MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) SP-6
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MM-3 Good Housekeeping Practices (G
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SC-1 Silt Fence (SF) Maintenance an
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SC-1 Silt Fence (SF) SF-4 Urban Dra
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SC-2 Sediment Control Log (SCL) Alt
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SC-2 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SCL
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Straw Bale Barrier (SBB) SC-3 Descr
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Straw Bale Barrier (SBB) SC-3 Novem
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SC-4 Brush Barrier (BB) Maintenance
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SC-5 Rock Sock (RS) RS-2 Urban Drai
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Inlet Protection (IP) SC-6 Descript
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Inlet Protection (IP) SC-6 • Remo
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Inlet Protection (IP) SC-6 August 2
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Inlet Protection (IP) SC-6 August 2
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Sediment Basin (SB) SC-7 Descriptio
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Sediment Basin (SB) SC-7 Illustrati
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Sediment Basin (SB) SC-7 August 201
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Sediment Basin (SB) SC-7 August 201
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SC-8 Sediment Trap (ST) ST-2 Urban
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Vegetated Buffers (VB) SC-9 Descrip
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SC-10 Chemical Treatment (CT) Maint
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SM-1 Construction Phasing/Sequencin
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SM-1 Construction Phasing/Sequencin
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SM-2 Protection of Existing Vegetat
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Construction Fence (CF) SM-3 Descri
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Construction Fence (CF) SM-3 Novemb
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SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC)
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Stabilized Staging Area (SSA) SM-6
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Stabilized Staging Area (SSA) SM-6
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Street Sweeping and Vacuuming (SS)
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SM-8 Temporary Diversion Methods (T
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Dewatering Operations (DW) SM-9 Des
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Dewatering Operations (DW) SM-9 Nov
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Dewatering Operations (DW) SM-9 Nov
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SM-10 Temporary Stream Crossing (TS
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SM-11 Temporary Batch Plant (TBP) A
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Glossary 1 Note: This glossary is n
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Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELG
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Low Impact Development (LID): LID i
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Revised Universal Soil Loss Equatio
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Bibliography Altitude Training Asso
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Bibliography U.S. Environmental Pro
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Bibliography Metcalf and Eddy, Inc.
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Bibliography Water Environment Fede
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