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String type constant president = 'Johnny Depp'; The following example illustrates the concept: program const_circle (input,output); const PI = 3.141592654; var r, d, c : real; {variable declaration: radius, dia, circumference} begin writeln('Enter the radius of the circle'); readln(r); d := 2 * r; c := PI * d; writeln('The circumference of the circle is ',c:7:2); end. When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result: Enter the radius of the circle 23 The circumference of the circle is 144.51 Observe the formatting in the output statement of the program. The variable c is to be formatted with total number of digits 7 and 2 digits after the decimal sign. Pascal allows such output formatting with the numerical variables. TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning Page 22
CHAPTER 8 Operators This section shows the operators used in a Pascal program. An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations. Pascal allows the following types of operators: Arithmetic operators Relational operators Boolean operators Bit operators Set operators String operators Let us discuss the arithmetic, relational, Boolean and bit operators one by one. Arithmetic Operators Following table shows all the arithmetic operators supported by Pascal. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then: Operator Description Example + Adds two operands A + B will give 30 - Subtracts second operand from the first A - B will give -10 * Multiplies both operands A * B will give 200 div Divides numerator by denominator B div A will give 2 mod Modulus Operator AND remainder after an integer division B mod A will give 0 TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning Page 23
Page 1 and 2: Pascal Tutorial
Page 3 and 4: ABOUT THE TUTORIAL Pascal Tutorial
Page 5 and 6: Declaring Constants ...............
Page 7 and 8: Accessing Two-Dimensional Array Ele
Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER 1 Pascal Overview This chap
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 2 Environment This section
Page 13 and 14: Name and version of text editor can
Page 15 and 16: Pascal Hello World Example Followin
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 4 Basic Syntax You have see
Page 19 and 20: The Pascal character set consists o
Page 21 and 22: Type Declarations: The type declara
Page 23 and 24: Subrange Types Subrange types allow
Page 25 and 26: Pascal programming language also al
Page 27 and 28: Enumerated Variables You have seen
Page 29: CHAPTER 7 Constants This section sh
Page 33 and 34: Checks if the value of left operand
Page 35 and 36: When the above code is compiled and
Page 37 and 38: program beBitwise; var a, b, c: int
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER 9 Decision Making This sect
Page 41 and 42: Example: Let us try a complete exam
Page 43 and 44: Example: Let us try a complete exam
Page 45 and 46: Nested if-then Statements It is alw
Page 47 and 48: The following rules apply to a case
Page 49 and 50: Flow Diagram: Example: The followin
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER 10 Loops This section shows
Page 53 and 54: Flow Diagram: Here, key point of th
Page 55 and 56: Flow Diagram Example: program forLo
Page 57 and 58: Example: program repeatUntilLoop; v
Page 61 and 62: Example: program exBreak; var a: in
Page 63 and 64: Example: program exContinue; var a:
Page 65 and 66: Example: The following program illu
Page 67 and 68: Defining a Function: In Pascal, a f
Page 71 and 72: variable named m. The variable m is
Page 73 and 74: program exRecursion; var num, f: in
Page 75 and 76: procedure swap(x, y: integer); var
Page 79 and 80: Now, let us extend the program litt
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Let us change the previous example
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When the above code is compiled and
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12 function AnsiStrLower( Str: PCha
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CHAPTER 15 Boolean This section sho
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CHAPTER 16 Arrays This section show
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Initializing Arrays In Pascal, arra
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Two-Dimensional Arrays: The simples
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The following example declares and
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Passing Arrays as Subprogram Argume
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Following are some valid pointer de
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To check for a nil pointer, you can
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program exPointers; const MAX = 3;
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program exPointers; const MAX = 3;
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Value of num = 3000 Value available
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CHAPTER 18 Records This section sho
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(* book 2 specification *) Book2.ti
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type record-ptr = ^ record-name; re
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(* book 1 specification *) Book1.ti
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Example: The following example woul
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Set Operators You can perform the f
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CHAPTER 21 File Handling This secti
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Reads data from a file into memory
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Reads from file into variable and g
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CHAPTER 22 Memory Management This s
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Resizing and Releasing Memory When
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Frees dynamically allocated memory
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Returns segment 37 procedure SetMem
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eadkey; clrscr; gotoxy(20,3); write
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Program DateDemo; uses sysutils; va
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14 function EncodeDate( Year: Word;
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39 function TimeStampToDateTime( co
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Objects This section shows the conc
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type Rectangle = object private len
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egin r1.init(3, 7); writeln('Draw a
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function TableTop.getmaterial(): st
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Classes This section shows the clas
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{$mode objfpc} // directive to be u
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Constructors and Destructors for Pa
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program inheritanceExample; {$MODE
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