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PASCAL TUTORIAL Simply Easy Learning by tutorialspoint.com tutorialspoint.com i
ABOUT THE TUTORIAL Pascal Tutorial Pascal is a procedural programming language, designed in 1968 and published in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth and named in honor of the French mathematician and philosopher Blaise Pascal. Pascal runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and various versions of UNIX/Linux. This tutorial will give you great understanding of Pascal to proceed with Delphi and other related frameworks, etc. Audience This tutorial is designed for Software Professionals, who are willing to learn Pascal Programming Language in simple and easy steps. This tutorial will give you great understanding on Pascal Programming concepts, and after completing this tutorial, you will be at intermediate level of expertise from where you can take yourself to higher level of expertise. Prerequisites Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of software basic concepts like what is source code, compiler, text editor and execution of programs, etc. If you already have understanding on any other computer programming language, then it will be an added advantage to proceed. Compile/Execute Pascal Programs If you are willing to learn the Pascal programming on a Linux machine but you do not have a setup for the same, then do not worry, the compileonline.com is available on a high end dedicated server giving you real programming experience with a comfort of single click compilation and execution. Yes! it is absolutely free and it's online. Copyright & Disclaimer Notice All the content and graphics on this tutorial are the property of tutorialspoint.com. Any content from tutorialspoint.com or this tutorial may not be redistributed or reproduced in any way, shape, or form without the written permission of tutorialspoint.com. Failure to do so is a violation of copyright laws. This tutorial may contain inaccuracies or errors and tutorialspoint provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy of the site or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover that the tutorialspoint.com site or this tutorial content contains some errors, please contact us at webmaster@tutorialspoint.com iii
Page 1: Pascal Tutorial
Page 5 and 6: Declaring Constants ...............
Page 7 and 8: Accessing Two-Dimensional Array Ele
Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER 1 Pascal Overview This chap
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 2 Environment This section
Page 13 and 14: Name and version of text editor can
Page 15 and 16: Pascal Hello World Example Followin
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 4 Basic Syntax You have see
Page 19 and 20: The Pascal character set consists o
Page 21 and 22: Type Declarations: The type declara
Page 23 and 24: Subrange Types Subrange types allow
Page 25 and 26: Pascal programming language also al
Page 27 and 28: Enumerated Variables You have seen
Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER 7 Constants This section sh
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 8 Operators This section sh
Page 33 and 34: Checks if the value of left operand
Page 35 and 36: When the above code is compiled and
Page 37 and 38: program beBitwise; var a, b, c: int
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER 9 Decision Making This sect
Page 41 and 42: Example: Let us try a complete exam
Page 43 and 44: Example: Let us try a complete exam
Page 45 and 46: Nested if-then Statements It is alw
Page 47 and 48: The following rules apply to a case
Page 49 and 50: Flow Diagram: Example: The followin
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER 10 Loops This section shows
Page 53 and 54:
Flow Diagram: Here, key point of th
Page 55 and 56:
Flow Diagram Example: program forLo
Page 57 and 58:
Example: program repeatUntilLoop; v
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When the above code is compiled and
Page 61 and 62:
Example: program exBreak; var a: in
Page 63 and 64:
Example: program exContinue; var a:
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Example: The following program illu
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Defining a Function: In Pascal, a f
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variable named m. The variable m is
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program exRecursion; var num, f: in
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procedure swap(x, y: integer); var
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Now, let us extend the program litt
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Let us change the previous example
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12 function AnsiStrLower( Str: PCha
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CHAPTER 15 Boolean This section sho
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CHAPTER 16 Arrays This section show
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Initializing Arrays In Pascal, arra
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Two-Dimensional Arrays: The simples
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The following example declares and
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Passing Arrays as Subprogram Argume
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Following are some valid pointer de
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To check for a nil pointer, you can
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program exPointers; const MAX = 3;
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program exPointers; const MAX = 3;
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Value of num = 3000 Value available
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CHAPTER 18 Records This section sho
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(* book 2 specification *) Book2.ti
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type record-ptr = ^ record-name; re
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(* book 1 specification *) Book1.ti
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Example: The following example woul
Page 119:
Set Operators You can perform the f
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CHAPTER 21 File Handling This secti
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Page 126 and 127:
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Reads data from a file into memory
Page 130 and 131:
Reads from file into variable and g
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CHAPTER 22 Memory Management This s
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Resizing and Releasing Memory When
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Frees dynamically allocated memory
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Returns segment 37 procedure SetMem
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eadkey; clrscr; gotoxy(20,3); write
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Program DateDemo; uses sysutils; va
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14 function EncodeDate( Year: Word;
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39 function TimeStampToDateTime( co
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Objects This section shows the conc
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type Rectangle = object private len
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egin r1.init(3, 7); writeln('Draw a
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function TableTop.getmaterial(): st
Page 160 and 161:
Classes This section shows the clas
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{$mode objfpc} // directive to be u
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Constructors and Destructors for Pa
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program inheritanceExample; {$MODE
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