Strychnos 1990 - 2004 - Crops for the Future

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Author Title Year Source title Reference Cai, B. C., T. Nagasawa, S. Kadota, M. Hattori, T. Namba and Y. Kuraishi Processing of nux vomica .7. Antinociceptive effects of crude alkaloids from the p 1996 Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 19(1): 127-131 Abstract We examined the antinociceptive effects of the crude alkaloid fractions (CAF) of nux vomica (the dried seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L.) and the influences of various processing methods upon their antinociception in three analgesic tests in mice, In the tail-pressure test, the CAF (0.01-1 mu g/kg, i.p.) of nux vomica that was unprocessed or treated with sand-, licorice-, oil- or vinegar and sand-processing showed clear antinociception. The CAF (1 mu g/kg, i.p.) of vinegar-processed nux vomica showed antinociception, without effects at lower doses of 0.01 and 0.1 mu g/kg and those treated with urine- or urine and sand-processing were without effects at doses of 0.01-1 mu g/kg. Morphine (2 mg/kg, s.c.) showed short-lasting antinociception, without effects at a dose of 1 mu g/kg. In the hot-plate test, the CAF (100 mu g/kg, i.p.) of nux vomica having undergone sandprocessing produced a significant antinociception, without effects at lower doses of 0.01 and 1 mu g/kg. The CAF (0.01-100 mu g/kg, i.p.) of nux vomica that was unprocessed or treated with oil- or vinegar and sand-processing and morphine (1 and 100 mu g/kg, s.c.) were without effects. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the CAF (1 mu g/kg, i.p.) of nux vomica that was treated with sandprocessing significantly inhibited the writhing behavior, while those of nux vomica that was unprocessed or treated with oil- or vinegar and sand-processing and morphine were without effects at a dose of 1 mu g/kg. The present results demonstrate the antinociceptive effects of the CAF of nux vomica and suggest that sand-processing is good for the analgesic potency of nux vomica. It is also suggested that the CAF of nux vomica has distinct antinociceptive potency, even after treatment with l i c o r i c e - , o i l - , v i n e g a r a n d s a n d - p r o c e s s i n g . Author Title Year Source title Reference Fletcher, R. J., D. E. Hibbs, M. Hursthouse, C. Lampard, J. A. Murphy and S. J. R Stereocontrolled synthesis of complex polycycles using tetrathiafulvalene mediate 1996 Chemical Communications (6): 739-740 Abstract Tetracyclic heterocycles are prepared in a stereocontrolled manner using radical-polar crossover c h e m i s t r y .
Author Title Year Source title Reference Forns, P., A. Diez and M. Rubiralta Synthetic applications of 2-(1,3-dithian-2-yl)indoles .7. Synthesis of aspidospermi 1996 Journal of Organic Chemistry 61(22): 7882-7888 Abstract A new method of synthesizing the alkaloid aspidospermidine (1), based on building ring E on the pyridocarbazole [ABCD] ring structure, is reported. The preparation of the pyridocarbazole framework of Aspidosperma alkaloids is a new three-step synthetic application of 2-(1,3-dithian-2- yl)indoles. A tandem conjugate addition-alkylation reaction starting from indolyldithiane (4), 3- methylenelactam 8, and EtI yields the adduct 17. Treatment of lactam 17 with DIBALH leads to formation of the naphthyridoindole 18. Compound 18 isomerizes in aqueous AcOH to yield pyridocarbazole 3. Finally, closure of ring E and subsequent reduction of the dithiane ring produces aspidospermidine. Pyridocarbazoles 2 and 10 were prepared as models. Author Title Year Source title Reference Ho, L. M., I. Cheong and H. A. Jalil Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure following blowpipe cart poisoning 1996 Nephron 72(4): 676-678 Abstract The latex of pokok ipoh (Antiaris toxocaria) and the root bark of akar ipoh (Strychnos species) have been the main sources of the poisonous principles in dart and arrow poisons prepared throughout south-east Asia. We report a fatal case of rhabdomyolysis and acute oliguric renal failure following oral ingestion of blowpipe dart poison. To our knowledge this is the first such report.
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