Strychnos 1990 - 2004 - Crops for the Future

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Author Title Year Source title Reference Dassonneville, L., N. Wattez, C. Mahieu, P. Colson, C. Houssier, M. Frederich, M The plant alkaloid usambarensine intercalates into DNA and induces apoptosis in 1999 Anticancer Research 19(6B): 5245-5250 Abstract Usambarensine is a plant alkaloid isolated from the roots of Strychnos usambarensis collected in Central Africa. This bis-indole compound displays potent antiamoebic activities and shows antigardial, antimalarial and cytotoxic effects. Usamba-rensine is highly toxic to B16 melanoma cells and inhibits the growth of leukemia and carcinoma cells. To date the molecular basis for its diverse biological effects remains totally unknown. However; its capacity to inhibit nucleic acids synthesis in melanoma cells, on the one hand, and its structural analogy with DNA-binding pyridoindole plant alkaloids recently studied (cryptolepine and matadine), on the other hand, suggested that usambarensine could also bind to DNA. Consequently we studied the strength and mode of binding to DNA of usambarensine by means of absorption, circular and lineal dichroism. The results of the optical measurements indicate that the alkaloid effectively: binds to DNA and behaves as a typical intercalating agent. Biochemical experiments indicated that, in contrast to cryptolepine and matadine, usambarensine does not interfere with the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II. Human HL60 leukemia cells were risen to assess the cytotoxicity of the alkaloid and its effect on the cell cycle. Usambarensine treatment is associated with a loss of cells in the G1 phase accompanied with a large increase in the sub-G1 region which is characteristic of apoptotic cells. The DNA of usambarensine-treated cells was severely fragmented and the proteolytic activity of DEVD-caspases is enhanced. Usambarensine is thus characterized as DNA intercalator inducing a p o p t o s i s i n l e u k e m i a c e l l s . Author Title Year Source title Reference Abstract Frederich, M., M. P. Hayette, M. Tits, P. De Mol and L. Angenot In vitro activities of Strychnos alkaloids and extracts against Plasmodium falcipar 1999 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43(9): 2328-2331 -
Author Title Year Source title Reference Abstract Frederich, M., M. Tits, M. P. Hayette, V. Brandt, J. Penelle, P. DeMol, G. Llabres 10'-hydroxyusambarensine, a new antimalarial bisindole alkaloid from the roots of 1999 Journal of Natural Products 62(4): 619-621 - Author Title Year Source title Reference Furlanetto, C. and J. C. Dianese Some Pseudocercospora species and a new Prathigada species from the Brazilian 1999 Mycological Research 103(Sep): 1203-1209 Abstract Pseudocercospora bolkanii sp. nov., and P. luzardii sp. nov., were collected in the Brazilian cerrado on leaves of Strychnos pseudoquina, and Hancornia speciosa, respectively. Prathigada backmanii sp. nov., is described on leaf spots of Bowdichia virgilioides. Pseudocercospora curatellae on Curatella a m e r i c a n a i s i l l u s t r a t e d i n d e t a i l . Author Title Year Source title Reference Hadden, C. E., B. D. Kaluzny, R. H. Robins and G. E. Martin Effects of n-oxidation on the n-15 chemical shifts in the strychnos alkaloids strych 1999 Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 37(4): 325-327 Abstract The effects of N-oxidation on the N-15 chemical shifts of the Strychnos alkaloids strychnine and brucine are discussed. The N-15 shifts were determined using the inverse-detected, long-range GHMBC experiment at natural abundance. Following N-oxidation, the N-19 resonance shifted downfield from 35.0 ppm in strychnine to 136.3 ppm in the N-19-oxide. The N-19 resonance of brucine shifted downfield from 35.9 to 135.5 ppm in the N-19-oxide, Small upheld shifts were observed for the N-9 resonances of both N-oxides. The H-1 and C-13 shifts of both N-oxides were assigned using inverse-detected 2D NMR methods to ensure proper assignments of the long-range H- 1-N-15 couplings. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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