Strychnos 1990 - 2004 - Crops for the Future

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Author Title Year Source title Reference Oppelt, A. L. a., W. Kurth, H. Dzierzon, G. Jentschke and D. L. Godbold Structure and fractal dimensions of root systems of four co-occurring fruit tree spe 2000 Annals of Forest Science 57(5-6): 463-475 Abstract Coarse root systems of four different fruit tree species from southern Africa were completely excavated and semi-automatically digitized. Spatial distributions of root length were determined from the digitally-reconstructed branching systems. Furthermore, the fractal characteristic of the coarse root systems was shown by determining the box-counting dimensions. These quantitative methods revealed architectural differences between the species, probably due to different ecophysiological strategies. For fine root samples, which were taken before digging out the whole systems, fractal analysis of the planar projections showed no significant inter-species differences. Methodologically, the study underlines the usefulness of digital 3-D reconstruction in root research.
Author Title Year Source title Reference Otero, R., V. Nunez, J. Barona, R. Fonnegra, S. L. Jimenez, R. G. Osorio, M. Sald Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of colombia part iii: Neutraliz 2000 Journal of Ethnopharmacology 73(1-2): 233-241 Abstract Thirty-one of 75 extracts of plants used by traditional healers for snakebites, had moderate or high neutralizing ability against the haemorrhagic effect of Bothrops atrox venom from Antioquia and Choco, north-western Colombia. After preincubation of several doses of every extract (7.8-4000 mug/mouse) with six minimum haemorrhagic doses (10 mug) of venom, 12 of them demonstrated 100% neutralizing capacity when the mixture was i.d. injected into mice (18-20 g). These were the stem barks of Brownea rosademonte (Caesalpiniaceae) and Tabebuia rosea (Bignoniaceae); the whole plants of Pleopeltis percussa (Polypodiaceae), Trichomanes elegans (Hymenophyllaceae) and Senna dariensis (Caesalpiniaceae); rhizomes of Heliconia curtispatha (Heliconiaceae); leaves and branches of Bixa orellana (Bixaceae), Philodendron tripartitum (Araceae), Struthanthus orbicularis (Loranthaceae) and Gonzalagunia panamensis (Rubiaceae); the ripe fruits of Citrus limon (Rutaceae); leaves, branches and stem of Ficus nymphaeifolia (Moraceae). Extracts of another 19 species showed moderate neutralization (21-72%) at doses up to 4 mg/mouse, e.g. the whole plants of Aristolochia grandiflora (Aristolochiaceae), Columnea kalbreyeriana (Gesneriaceae), Sida acuta (Malvaceae), Selaginella articulata (Selaginellaceae) and Pseudoelephantopus spicatus (Asteraceae); rhizomes:of Renealmia alpinia (Zingiberaceae); the stem of Strychnos xinguensis (Loganiaceae); leaves, branches and stems of Hyptis capitata (Lamiaceae), Ipomoea cailica (Convolvulaceae), Neurolaena lobata (Asteraceae), Ocimum micranthum (Lamiaceae), Piper pulchrum (Piperaceae), Siparuna thecaphora (Monimiaceae), Castilla elastica (Moraceae) and Allamanda cathartica (Apocynaceae); the macerated ripe fruits of Capsicum frutescens (Solanaceae); the unripe fruits of Crescentia cujete (Bignoniaceae); leaves and branches of Piper arboreum (Piperaceae) and Passiflora quadrangular is (Passifloraceae). When the extracts were independently administered by oral, i.p, or i.v. route either before or after an i.d. venom injection (10 mug), neutralization of haemorrhage dropped below 25% for all the extracts. Additionally, B. rosademonte and P. percussa extracts were able to inhibit the proteolytic activity of B. atrox venom on casein. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland L t d . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .
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Strychnos 1990 - 2004 - Crops for the Future

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