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Strychnos 1990 - 2004 - Crops for the Future

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Author<br />

Title<br />

Year<br />

Source title<br />

Reference<br />

Hosagoudar, V. B. and S. Shiburaj<br />

Meliola gamsii sp nov (ascomycetes, meliolales) from Kerala, India<br />

2002<br />

Nova Hedwigia<br />

74(3-4): 411-413<br />

Abstract<br />

The new species Meliola gamsii is described from <strong>the</strong> host plant <strong>Strychnos</strong> mix-vomica from Kerala,<br />

I n d i a .<br />

Author<br />

Title<br />

Year<br />

Source title<br />

Reference<br />

Khumalo, L. W., L. Majoko, J. S. Read and I. Ncube<br />

Characterisation of some underutilised vegetable oils and <strong>the</strong>ir evaluation as starti<br />

2002<br />

Industrial <strong>Crops</strong> and Products<br />

16(3): 237-244<br />

Abstract<br />

Oils were extracted from <strong>the</strong> inner skin of <strong>Strychnos</strong> madagascariensis fruit shell, Trichelia emetica<br />

seed and Ximenia caffra seed. Gas chromatography analysis of methyl esters of <strong>the</strong> glycerides of<br />

<strong>the</strong>se oils was used to determine <strong>the</strong> fatty acid profiles of <strong>the</strong> oils. S. madagascariensis and X. caffra<br />

oils were found to contain high oleic acid levels, 68 and 59% respectively, while T emetica oil was<br />

found to contain 53% palmitic acid. Pancreatic lipase digestion was used to per<strong>for</strong>m structural<br />

analyses on <strong>the</strong> triglycerides of oils. Oleic acid was found to be concentrated at <strong>the</strong> 2-position of <strong>the</strong><br />

triglycerides of <strong>the</strong> X caffra and T emetica oils. The three oils were evaluated <strong>for</strong> use as starting<br />

materials in lipase-catalysed production of cocoa butter equivalents using transesterification<br />

reactions. A 1,3-specific lipase from Rhizomucor miehei was used to incorporate stearic acid and<br />

palmitic acid into <strong>the</strong> 1- and 3-positions of <strong>the</strong> triglycerides. The products of <strong>the</strong> transesterifications<br />

in <strong>the</strong> case of X caffra and S. niadagascariensis compare well with those produced using lipasecatalysed<br />

transesterifications of o<strong>the</strong>r oils. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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