Social Development Strategies - Iskandar Malaysia

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SECTION A FRAMEWORK FOR COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT 5.4 Bumiputera Participation In Commerce And Industry The Bumiputera participation in commerce and industries in SJER is still low. A. In Commerce Based on data collected by the Johor Bahru District Local Plan Study, of the total 27,910 commercial establishments in the whole Johor Bahru district in 2003, only 4,695 establishments or 16.8% of them were Malay owned. The Chinese proportion was far higher at 21,514 establishments or 77.1% whilst the Indian proportion was 884 establishments or 3.2%. Table 5.1: Equity Ownership of Industries in SJER, 2006 (weighted averages in percentage) Ownership E&E Logistics SMEs Chemical (Plastic) Food Bumiputera 10.86 29.80 11.57 5.80 17.35 Non- Bumiputera Government/ Public Institution 27.28 47.48 45.16 76.00 49.18 1.06 2.66 0.72 0.00 2.42 State Owned 0.00 0.00 10.70 0.00 0.00 Foreign 60.80 20.06 31.85 18.20 31.05 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 B. In Industry Source: Industrial Surveys, 2006 for the SJER Development Master Plan Study The Bumiputera industrial establishments in Johor Bahru district in 2003 was also low, totalling 799 establishments or 12.0% of a total of 6,642 Figure 5.3: Percentage Distribution of Bumiputera SMEs by Industry Types in Johor State, 2006 establishments. The Chinese and Indian shares were higher at 64.1% and 19.3% respectively. 18 16 15.04 16.17 The Bumiputera participation is mainly in SMEs. Of the total 1,102 SMEs in the whole state of Johor which are registered with Small and Medium Industries Development Corporation (SMIDEC), 24.2% are owned by Bumiputeras. In terms of capitalised value, the proportion is lower. The SME Survey (limited to manufacturing) indicates that the Bumiputera’s overall share is only about 11.6%. These SMEs are largely concentrated in Johor Bahru district and are largely involved in services, food and drinks and wood and wood-based industries (Table 5.1 and Figure 5.3). Percentage (%) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 0.38 Rubber Oil Palm 0.75 Non-Metallic 2.63 2.63 2.63 Metallic Textile and Clothing Logistics 3.76 Transport Equipment 4.51 Pharmaceutical 4.89 Printing and Paper Products 5.26 Chemical and Petrochemical 6.77 Plastic 9.4 Electrical and Electronic 12.03 Machinery and Engineering 13.16 Wood and Based Food and Drinks Services Industry Type Of the total number of business licences issued by MBJB and MPJBT numbering 35,955, the Bumiputeras represent 19.4% of the total. In contrast, the Chinese represent 72.0% and the Indians 4.3%. However, it is not known how many of the Bumiputera licensees are active. The Industrial Surveys (excluding the very large companies) also revealed that Bumiputera’s equity in specific industries is still low. Their shares (weighted) are 10.9% in the E&E industries, 5.8% in the chemical industries, 17.4% in food industries, 11.6% in SMEs and 29.8% in the logistics services (see Table 5.1, Figure 5.3). Source: Industrial Surveys, 2006 for the SJER Development Master Plan Study The proportion of Bumiputeras holding top positions (as managers, engineers, other professionals, technicians, supervisors and clerical officers) in all the industries is lower as compared to that of the non- Bumiputeras. 5 - 4
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES CHAPTER 5 | PART 2 Among the Bumiputeras that work in the electrical and electronics industries, 24.9% only are holding the top posts as compared to 53.7% for the non-Bumiputeras. In other industries, the proportions of Bumiputera holding the top positions are also low (40.3% in logistics, 65% in chemical, 56.6% in food and 29.3% in SMEs). In contrast, the proportions for the non-Bumiputeras are higher (44.8% in logistics, 70.9% in plastic, 61.0% in food and 46.5% in SMEs) (Table 5.2 and Figures 5.3 and 5.4 ). Percentage (%) Figure 5.4: Equity of Industries in SJER, 2006 (weighted averages in percentage) 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 27.28 10.8 1.06 60.80 29.80 47.48 2.66 20.06 11.57 45.16 0.72 31.85 76.00 0.00 E&E Logistics SMEs Chemical Ownership (Plastic) 18.20 17.35 49.18 2.42 Food 31.05 Bumiputera Non-Bumiputera Government/Public Institution State Owned Foreign Source: Industrial Surveys, 2006 for the SJER Development Master Plan Study Table 5.2: Occupational Categories of Various Racial Groups by Major Selected Industry Types in SJER, 2006 Designation Managers Engineers Other professionals Technicians Supervisor and Clerical Officers Skilled workers Semi skilled workers Unskilled workers Malaysian ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC LOGISTICS SMEs Foreigners Total Row% Malaysian Non- Bumiputera Foreigners Total Row% Malaysian Bumiputera Non- Bumiputera Bumiputera Bumiputera Non- Bumiputera Foreigners Row % 11.76 75.00 13.24 100.00 38.50 60.00 1.5 100.00 14.90 72.30 100.00 Column % 0.73 12.76 0.87 3.03 13.54 100.0 1.77 12.36 2.50 Row % 28.85 66.83 4.33 100.00 0.00 100.00 - 100.00 49.70 47,40 3.90 100.00 Column % 1.83 11.59 0.29 - 6.25 - 3.05 4.27 0.40 Row % 31.49 66.38 2.13 100.00 81.80 18.20 - 100.00 54.10 46.00 100.00 Column % 2.26 13.01 0.16 6.55 4.17 - 1.61 1.96 Row % 76.49 15.88 7.63 100.00 92.90 7.10 - 100.00 61.80 24.30 13.80 100.00 Column % 11.35 6.42 1.20 3.15 0.69 - 7.55 4.27 2.70 Row % 70.44 29.31 0.25 100.00 79.60 20.40 - 100.00 48.10 51.60 0.30 100.00 Column % 8.75 9.92 0.03 27.52 20.14 - 15.34 23.67 0.10 Row % 39.38 6.48 54.15 100.00 81.40 18.60 - 100.00 39.30 20.90 30.80 100.00 Column % 45.75 20.52 66.63 10.06 6.60 - 20.56 15.70 33.60 Row % 71.06 10.60 18.34 100.00 60.00 40.0 - 100.00 36.10 34.80 29.10 100.00 Column % 15.99 6.51 4.37 15.64 29.86 - 17.03 23.56 22.20 Row % 37.07 4.08 58.85 100.00 71.90 28.10 - 100.00 79.10 16.7 4.30 100.00 Column % 8.90 2.67 14.97 4.97 5.56 - 16.39 4.97 1.40 Total Row% General Workers Row% 20.77 28.51 50.72 100.00 86.30 13.70 - 100.00 36.20 13.90 49.80 100.00 Column % 4.43 16.60 11.47 29.09 13.19 - 16.70 9.24 37.10 Total Column % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Source : Industrial Surveys, 2006 for the SJER Development Master Plan Study 5 - 5
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Social Development Strategies - Iskandar Malaysia

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