J22 Manual - UCI Campus Recreation

UCI J/22 Sailing Manual 42
Medical Problems at Sea
Hypothermia
Hypothermia is the lowering of the body's core temperature due to exposure. Wind and water
greatly increase the chill factor, increasing the risk of hypothermia. The best protection is
warm, waterproof clothing. Be sure you and your crew are prepared. It does not need to be
very cold for this condition to occur. The first sign is uncontrolled shivering and cold
extremities. Later symptoms include slowing of the pulse, irrational behavior and, in later stage,
unconsciousness. Hypothermia is a serious medical emergency and should be professionally
treated. Warm the victim with blankets, extra clothes (even the boat cover could be used). Wet
clothing should be removed. Use your own body heat to keep the victim warm, if necessary.
Southern Californians tend to underestimate our weather and are often unprepared to protect
themselves from getting wet and cold.
Heat Emergencies
Heat emergencies often occur on hot humid days with no breeze. Drinking water at regular
intervals, wearing protective gear such as hats and sunglasses will help prevent heat
emergencies. Heat stroke is life threatening. The signals are hot, red skin, constricted pupils,
very high body temperature and dry skin. First aid includes moving person to a cool
environment cooling them with ice or cool water and contacting emergency medical services If
the person is able to drink liquids, have them drink cool water or other cool beverages that do
not contain alcohol or caffeine.
Heat exhaustion is less dangerous than heat stroke. The signals are cool moist skin, heavy
sweating and dilated pupils. First aid includes moving the person to a cool environment, care
for shock by elevating the feet and giving cool water every 15 minutes.
Always be prepared for the sun in Southern California with sunglasses, hat or visor and sunscreen.
Bring your own water bottle even for short classes.
Sea Sickness
This is a common problem, particularly for the first time sailor, although almost everyone
experiences it at some time. Victims become very weak and are susceptible to falling
overboard, as they lose their sense of balance. It is advisable to return to the harbor
immediately with sea sick victims. Dehydration can become a problem with prolonged
vomiting. Those who suffer from seasickness can try some of the medical remedies including
over the counter pills or the prescription ear patches. Monitor your reaction carefully with any
medicine and watch for side effects.
When out for a day, always keep in mind any special medical problems of your crew. These
might include diabetes, epilepsy, asthma, heart problems, or any other physical limitations.
Remember, it may take several hours to return to the dock in order to obtain medial assistance.