PDF (double-sided) - Physics Department, UCSB - University of ...
PDF (double-sided) - Physics Department, UCSB - University of ... PDF (double-sided) - Physics Department, UCSB - University of ...
a stronger correlation than possible for a classical pair of bits. This experiment meets a major mile-stone for the field of superconducting qubits as it provides strong evidence that the architecture will indeed be able to outperform classical systems. Furthermore, this experiment is the first demonstration of a violation of Bell’s inequality in a solid state system, and the first demonstration in a macroscopic quantum system. It therefore adds valuable supporting evidence that the new ideas proposed by quantum mechanics are indeed valid across different quantum systems and cannot be explained by a deterministic alternative theory. xvi
Contents Contents List of Figures List of Tables xvii xxv xxvii 1 Quantum Computation 1 1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.1 The Information Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.2 Moore’s Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.3 Church-Turing Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.4 Deutsch-Josza Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1.5 Shor’s Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.6 Quantum Annealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.7 Quantum Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 The Power of Quantum Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2.1 Superpositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2.2 Entanglement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.2.3 Implications – The EPR Paradox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Requirements – The DiVincenzo Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.3.1 Scalable Physical System with Well-Defined Qubits . . . . 12 1.3.2 Initializable to a Simple Fiducial State . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.3.3 Sufficiently Long Coherence Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.3.4 Universal Set of Quantum Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.3.5 High Quantum Efficiency, Qubit-Specific Measurements . . 14 xvii
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- Page 11 and 12: Curriculum Vitæ Markus Ansmann Edu
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a stronger correlation than possible for a classical pair <strong>of</strong> bits. This experiment<br />
meets a major mile-stone for the field <strong>of</strong> superconducting qubits as it provides<br />
strong evidence that the architecture will indeed be able to outperform classical<br />
systems.<br />
Furthermore, this experiment is the first demonstration <strong>of</strong> a violation <strong>of</strong> Bell’s<br />
inequality in a solid state system, and the first demonstration in a macroscopic<br />
quantum system. It therefore adds valuable supporting evidence that the new<br />
ideas proposed by quantum mechanics are indeed valid across different quantum<br />
systems and cannot be explained by a deterministic alternative theory.<br />
xvi
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