EFFICACY OF TEMPORARY FIXED RETENTION FOLLOWING ...

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14. ASD, Anterior Segment Depth: The perpendicular distance (in millimeters) from the midline point to the Anterior Segment Width line (Figure 3-6). 15. ID, Incisor Depth: The linear distance (in millimeters) from the midline point to H point. 16 ASW, Anterior Segment Width: The linear distance (in millimeters) from between the left and right divide points (Figure 3-6). 17. II, Mandibular Incisor Irregularity Index (Little 1975): The sum of the distance between each of the five contact points of the lower anterior teeth (Figure 3-11). 18. OB, Overbite: The greatest linear distance (in millimeters) from the incisal edge of a maxillary incisor to the incisal edge of a mandibular incisor (Figure 3-12). A negative value reflects an anterior open bite situation. 19. OJ, Overjet: The greatest linear distance (in millimeters) from the incisal edge of a maxillary incisor to the labial surface of the corresponding mandibular incisor (Figure 3-12). A negative value reflects an anterior crossbite situation. Cephalometric Analysis The Tweed Foundation Research Committee also performed a cephalometric analysis, and we selected from among those variables for the present study. The following 13 variables were analyzed here, (1) Frankfort mandibular incisor angle (FMIA), (2) Frankfort mandibular angle (FMA), (3) incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA), (4) Sella-Nasion to A Point angle (SNA), (5) Sella-Nasion to B Point angle (SNB), (6) A Point to Nasion to B Point angle (ANB), (7) AOBO (Wits appraisal), (8) Downs’ occlusal plane (DOP), (9) Z angle, (10) upper lip (UL), (11) total chin (TC), (12) anterior facial height (AFH), and (13) posterior facial height (PFH). Cephalometric Landmarks 1. A Point, (Subspinale): The most posterior point on the exterior ventral curve of the maxilla between the anterior nasal spine and Supradentale. 2. B, Point B (Supramentale): The most posterior point on the bony curvature of the mandible between Infradentale and Pogonion. 53
Figure 3-11. Illustration of Incisor Irregularity as measured in this study. The sum of the five distances between the dental contact points is Incisor Irregularity. 54
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EFFICACY OF TEMPORARY FIXED RETENTI
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
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ABSTRACT Instability of the occlusi
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CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION .............
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1. All cas
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Figure 4-14. Box plot of the distri
Page 13 and 14: Joondeph and Riedel (1994, p 908) d
Page 15 and 16: Strang (1952, p 794) claimed that
Page 17 and 18: malocclusion must be maintained if
Page 19 and 20: e aimed at maintaining, in most ins
Page 21 and 22: three time intervals: during treatm
Page 23 and 24: mechanical treatment does not neces
Page 25 and 26: elation, the masticatory system wil
Page 27 and 28: exerted on the denture from the buc
Page 29 and 30: In summary, the variance in tongue
Page 31 and 32: Sinclair and Little (1983, p 114) a
Page 33 and 34: Study and 43 orthodontically treate
Page 35 and 36: and Sakols 1982; Vaden et al. 1997;
Page 37 and 38: years postretention. Årtun et al.
Page 39 and 40: adjustment, if necessary. This abil
Page 41 and 42: Duration of Retention The premise i
Page 43 and 44: The reduction in tooth structure of
Page 45 and 46: 4. The most stable position of the
Page 47 and 48: CHAPTER 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sa
Page 49 and 50: The present sample consisted of the
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3-2. Illustration of how mol
Page 53 and 54: Figure 3-3. Illustration showing di
Page 55 and 56: Figure 3-5. Illustration showing mi
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3-6. Illustration showing an
Page 59 and 60: Figure 3-8. Illustration showing in
Page 61 and 62: 34. LR3 cusp tip point. 35. Right d
Page 63: Figure 3-10. Illustration showing o
Page 67 and 68: 3. Go, Gonion (anatomic): The most
Page 69 and 70: Figure 3-13. Depiction of the angle
Page 71 and 72: Figure 3-15. Illustration of the me
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3-17. Illustration of the me
Page 75 and 76: Figure 3-19. Illustration of the an
Page 77 and 78: Figure 3-21. Illustration of the up
Page 79 and 80: Figure 3-22. Illustration of the to
Page 81 and 82: Figure 3-24. Illustration of the po
Page 83 and 84: the “older” Tweed force system,
Page 85 and 86: The null hypothesis is: There was n
Page 87 and 88: Figure 4-1. Distribution of the 166
Page 89 and 90: occlusal issues are tolerated by bo
Page 91 and 92: 40 35 30 FMA (degrees) 25 20 15 10
Page 93 and 94: Figure 4-4. Plot of the average val
Page 95 and 96: larger ANB at the recall examinatio
Page 97 and 98: 21 19 Total Chin (mm) 17 15 13 11 9
Page 99 and 100: Figure 4-8. Box plot of the distrib
Page 101 and 102: which a Class I relationship was no
Page 103 and 104: Figure 4-11. Plot of mean Curve of
Page 105 and 106: Figure 4-13. Box plot of the distri
Page 107 and 108: Table A-4 addresses the question of
Page 109 and 110: Figure 4-16. Bar chart of the avera
Page 111 and 112: only sample changed significantly m
Page 113 and 114: 3 2 1 0 Canonical Variate 2 -1 -2 R
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8 Anterior Discrepancy (ADisc) 6 4
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40 Incisor Aspect Ratio (IAR) 30 20
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1.5 Incisor Segment Depth (ISD) 1 0
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more stable (i.e., the mean change
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Molar Correction (MC) 10 8 6 4 2 0
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Anterior Segment Width (ASW) 1 0 -1
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final vertical positions. This phas
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decreased in both arches during the
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Figure 5-1. Plot of average Incisor
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Based on the present results, the u
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these variables indicate more anter
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and the hassle associated with plac
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Figure 5-2. Scatter-plot graph refl
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stability?” and “for how long?
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About two-thirds (64%) of the corre
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Baume LJ, Horowitz HS, Summers CJ,
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Case CS. Techniques and principles
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Glenn G, Sinclair PM, Alexander RG.
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Joondeph DR. Retention and relapse.
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Littlewood SJ, Millett DT, Doubleda
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Ormiston JP, Huang GJ, Little RM, D
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Rosenstein SW, Jacobson BN. Retenti
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Steadman SR. A philosophy and pract
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Zachrisson BU, Büyükyilmaz T. Bon
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Table A-1. Descriptive statistics a
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Table A-2. Descriptive statistics a
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Table A-3. Descriptive statistics f
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APPENDIX B. ANCOVA TESTS OF THE COM
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Table B-1. Continued. Sex Retention
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Table C-1. Results of ANCOVA tests
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Table D-1. Descriptive statistics,
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Table E-1. Two-way ANOVA tests eval
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VITA Mark Owens was born on January
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