EFFICACY OF TEMPORARY FIXED RETENTION FOLLOWING ...

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LIST <strong>OF</strong> REFERENCES Al Yami EA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, van’t Hof MA. Stability of orthodontic treatment outcome: follow-up until 10 years postretention. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;115:300-4. Alexander RG. The 20 principles of the Alexander Discipline. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Company; 2008. Anderson AB. A survey of treatment characteristics in a university based graduate orthodontic program. M.D.S. thesis, University of Tennessee, Memphis, 2010. Andrews LF. The six keys to normal occlusion. Am J Orthod 1972;62:296-309. Angle EH. Classification of malocclusion. Dent Cosmos 1899;41:248-64, 350-7. Angle EH. Treatment of malocclusion of the teeth, 7th ed. Philadelphia: The SS White Dental Manufacturing Company; 1907. Angle EH. Treatment of malocclusion of the teeth and fracture of the maxillae, 6th ed. Philadelphia: The SS White Dental Manufacturing Company; 1900. Årtun J. Caries and periodontal reactions associated with long-term use of different types of bonded lingual retainers. Am J Orthod 1984;86:112-8. Årtun J, Garol JD, Little RM. Long-term stability of mandibular incisors following successful treatment of Class II, Division 1, malocclusions. Angle Orthod 1996;66:229-38. Årtun J, Spadafora AT, Shipiro PA. A 3-year follow-up study of various types of orthodontic canine-to-canine retainers. Eur J Orthod 1997;19:501-9. Årtun J, Spadafora AT, Shipiro PA, McNeill RW, Chapko MK. Hygeine status associated with different types of bonded, orthodontic canine-to-canine retainers: a clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 1987;14:89-94. Atack N, Harradine N, Sandy JR, Ireland AJ. Which way forward? Fixed or removable lower retainers. Angle Orthod 2007;77:954–9. Ballard ML. Asymmetry in tooth size: a factor in the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1944;14:67-70. 133
Baume LJ, Horowitz HS, Summers CJ, Dirks OB, Brown WAB, Carlos JP, Cohen LK, Freer TJ, Harvold EP, Moorrees CFA, Salzmann JA, Schmuth G, Solow B, Taatz J. A method for measuring occlusal traits. Int Dent J 1973;23:530-7. Bearn DR. Bonded orthodontic retainers: a review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1995;108:207-13. Begg PR, Kesling PC. Begg orthodontic theory and technique, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1971. Behrents RG. An atlas of growth in the aging craniofacial skeleton. Monograph 18, Craniofacial Growth Series. Ann Arbor: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 1985b. Behrents RG. Adult craniofacial growth. In: Enlow DH, Hans MG. Facial growth, 2nd ed. Ann Arbor: Needham Press; 2008. p. 291-306. Behrents RG. The consequences of adult craniofacial growth. Monograph 22, Craniofacial Growth Series. Ann Arbor: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 1989. Behrents RG. Growth in the aging craniofacial skeleton. Monograph 17, Craniofacial Growth Series. Ann Arbor: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 1985a. Behrents RG, White L. JCO interviews Dr. Rolf Behrents on adult craniofacial growth. J Clin Orthod 1986;20:842-7. Bergstrom K, Jensen R. The significance of third molars in the aetiology of crowding. Trans Eur Orthod Soc 1960;11:90-1. Bishara SE, Chadra JM, Potter RE. Stability of intercanine width, overbite and overjet correction. Am J Orthod 1973;63:588-95. Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR, Treder JE, Stasi MJ. Changes in the maxillary and mandibular tooth size-arch length relationship from early adolescence to early adulthood. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989;95:46-59. Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR, Treder JE, Nowak A. Arch length changes from 6 weeks to 45 years. Angle Orthod 1998;68:69-74. Björk A. Prediction of mandibular growth rotation. Am J Orthod 1969;55:585-99. 134
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EFFICACY OF TEMPORARY FIXED RETENTI
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
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ABSTRACT Instability of the occlusi
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CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION .............
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1. All cas
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Figure 4-14. Box plot of the distri
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Joondeph and Riedel (1994, p 908) d
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Strang (1952, p 794) claimed that
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malocclusion must be maintained if
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e aimed at maintaining, in most ins
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three time intervals: during treatm
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mechanical treatment does not neces
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elation, the masticatory system wil
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exerted on the denture from the buc
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In summary, the variance in tongue
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Sinclair and Little (1983, p 114) a
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Study and 43 orthodontically treate
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and Sakols 1982; Vaden et al. 1997;
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years postretention. Årtun et al.
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adjustment, if necessary. This abil
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Duration of Retention The premise i
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The reduction in tooth structure of
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4. The most stable position of the
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CHAPTER 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sa
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The present sample consisted of the
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Figure 3-2. Illustration of how mol
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Figure 3-3. Illustration showing di
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Figure 3-5. Illustration showing mi
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Figure 3-6. Illustration showing an
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Figure 3-8. Illustration showing in
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34. LR3 cusp tip point. 35. Right d
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Figure 3-10. Illustration showing o
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Figure 3-11. Illustration of Inciso
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3. Go, Gonion (anatomic): The most
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Figure 3-13. Depiction of the angle
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Figure 3-15. Illustration of the me
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Figure 3-17. Illustration of the me
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Figure 3-19. Illustration of the an
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Figure 3-21. Illustration of the up
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Figure 3-22. Illustration of the to
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Figure 3-24. Illustration of the po
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the “older” Tweed force system,
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The null hypothesis is: There was n
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Figure 4-1. Distribution of the 166
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occlusal issues are tolerated by bo
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40 35 30 FMA (degrees) 25 20 15 10
Page 93 and 94: Figure 4-4. Plot of the average val
Page 95 and 96: larger ANB at the recall examinatio
Page 97 and 98: 21 19 Total Chin (mm) 17 15 13 11 9
Page 99 and 100: Figure 4-8. Box plot of the distrib
Page 101 and 102: which a Class I relationship was no
Page 103 and 104: Figure 4-11. Plot of mean Curve of
Page 105 and 106: Figure 4-13. Box plot of the distri
Page 107 and 108: Table A-4 addresses the question of
Page 109 and 110: Figure 4-16. Bar chart of the avera
Page 111 and 112: only sample changed significantly m
Page 113 and 114: 3 2 1 0 Canonical Variate 2 -1 -2 R
Page 115 and 116: 8 Anterior Discrepancy (ADisc) 6 4
Page 117 and 118: 40 Incisor Aspect Ratio (IAR) 30 20
Page 119 and 120: 1.5 Incisor Segment Depth (ISD) 1 0
Page 121 and 122: more stable (i.e., the mean change
Page 123 and 124: Molar Correction (MC) 10 8 6 4 2 0
Page 125 and 126: Anterior Segment Width (ASW) 1 0 -1
Page 127 and 128: final vertical positions. This phas
Page 129 and 130: decreased in both arches during the
Page 131 and 132: Figure 5-1. Plot of average Incisor
Page 133 and 134: Based on the present results, the u
Page 135 and 136: these variables indicate more anter
Page 137 and 138: and the hassle associated with plac
Page 139 and 140: Figure 5-2. Scatter-plot graph refl
Page 141 and 142: stability?” and “for how long?
Page 143: About two-thirds (64%) of the corre
Page 147 and 148: Case CS. Techniques and principles
Page 149 and 150: Glenn G, Sinclair PM, Alexander RG.
Page 151 and 152: Joondeph DR. Retention and relapse.
Page 153 and 154: Littlewood SJ, Millett DT, Doubleda
Page 155 and 156: Ormiston JP, Huang GJ, Little RM, D
Page 157 and 158: Rosenstein SW, Jacobson BN. Retenti
Page 159 and 160: Steadman SR. A philosophy and pract
Page 161 and 162: Zachrisson BU, Büyükyilmaz T. Bon
Page 163 and 164: Table A-1. Descriptive statistics a
Page 165 and 166: Table A-2. Descriptive statistics a
Page 167 and 168: Table A-3. Descriptive statistics f
Page 173 and 174: APPENDIX B. ANCOVA TESTS OF THE COM
Page 175 and 176: Table B-1. Continued. Sex Retention
Page 185 and 186: Table C-1. Results of ANCOVA tests
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Table C-31. Results of ANCOVA tests
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Table D-1. Descriptive statistics,
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Page 201 and 202:
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Table E-1. Two-way ANOVA tests eval
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VITA Mark Owens was born on January
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