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• 16 • Information and liaison bulletin n° 261 • December 2006 effort as for an earthquake”. Dr. Deniz Yukseker indicated emphatically “they are not concerned that this event is breach of the Constitution” and added that “the State announces the return of 150,000 people to their homes. However there are no means of subsistence in these villages since the agriculture and stock breeding have been destroyed and that there are no roads or electricity, not to mention conditions of security.Thus the people just remain there for the summer …” Still on the subject of solutions Dr. Kurban stressed that “We have still not heard of any solution from the government regarding the fate of this population (…) A citizen goes before the (compensation) Commission stating that his village was evacuated • A SPILT IN THE KURDISTAN DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF IRAN (PKDI). On 7 December, one of the leaders of the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran announced that he was leaving the party to form his own party with several of the cadres and activists. “Our departure is the outcome of two years of disagreement with the party regarding our demands for reforms and the setting up of a collective leadership”, explained Abdallah Hassan Zadeh, former General Secretary of the KDPI, speaking from his office near Irbil, in Iraqi Kurdistan. For its part, the Party announced in a communiqué that after “many meetings between the two camps it had not been possible to find common ground, which explains the split”. The Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran, founded in 1945, is the principal Kurdish opposition movement in Iran and has several offices in Iraqi Kurdistan. Two of AS WELL AS … by the gendarmerie, who simply reject the allegation and the petition is refused. We will not be able find any solution without macro-political development. The system of village protectors must be abolished and the region must be cleared of mines. Without this the people will never be able to return home …) By a decision of the Council of Ministers, the recruiting of village protectors ended in 2000, but today there is a system of voluntary protectors. They have no official tenure, are not paid but are armed (by the State)”. Dr. Deniz Yukseker added that “since the system has been in existence, village protectors have been involved in over 5,000 crimes and offenses, particularly “acts of terrorism”. This system constitutes a security problem in itself”. its General Secretaries, Dr. Abdulrahman Ghassemlou and Dr. Sadegh Charafkandi, were assassinated by agents of the Iran secret services in 1989 and 1993, respectively in Vienna and in Berlin. • TURKEY PRESSING WASHINGTON TO HELP IT NEUTRALISE THE PKK DESPITE ITS UNILATERAL CEASE FIRE. On 23 December, the principal pro-Kurdish party in Turkey, denounced Ankara’s “indifference” to the cease fire unilaterally decreed by the fighters of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). “We expect the government to take advantage of this process aimed at putting ann end to the blood bath, but unfortunately (…) the State remains indifferent”, declared Ahmed Turk, president of the Party for a Democratic Society (DTP) in Diyarbekir. He particularly criticised the Speaker of Parliament, Bulent Arinc, for having refused to meet a group of Kurdish activists in December. “We see this as a blow against peace”, he pointed out. “In the eyes of our people the government has failed to pass the test”, he added. Mr. Turk declared that his party, which has no seats in Parliament, will continue to work for a peaceful settlement of the Kurdish question.However, “we are always ready to pay the price, to pay with our lives for freedom and democracy”, he added. The retired general, Edip Baser, charged since August 2006 with coordinating the fight against the PKK with Washington had, the day before, declared on the NTV news channel, that he would discuss “concrete priority steps” with his opposite number, the retired US general Joseph W. Ralston when they met in January and to nask for measures against the PKK. “We (Turkey) have a timetable in mind” he had continued. “If we have not achieved concrete steps between now and the due date of this timetable (…) then we say that there is no reason to continue wasting our time and will put an end to this joint effort”. Their paths could “separate” if the United States rejected measures that Turkey judged appropriate for fighting the PKK he had added. Mr Baser had recognised that it was “not realistic to expect major concrete steps against the PKK overnight” but had stated that Ankara hoped to see signs of progress as from the start of next year. General Baser also stressed that in case of need, Turkey could conduct operations beyond its borders with Iraq, thus into Iraqi Kurdistan and that “this is not a question in which anyone else could interfere”. The PKK unilaterally declared a cease fire at the end of September, to take effect as from 1 October,
n° 261 • December 2006 Information and liaison bulletin • 17 • essentially calling on Ankara to negotiate. On the same day, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan rejected this out of hand, demanding that the PKK lay down its arms and surrender. Military operations against the PKK had been increased when, at the end of June 2004 the PKK had ended an earkier unilateral cease fire, which it had been observed for five years. On 8 December, the Turkish General Staff stated that the crash of an army helicopter the day before, which had caused the deaths of a non-commissioned officer and wounded five other soldiers had been due to Kurdish fighters in the region. The aircraft had landed in a mountainous region of Bingol Province in the course of combing operation against the PKK and was damaged on takeoff by a remote controlled explosion. Additionally, on 5 December three Turkish soldiers were killed and 14 others wounded by the explosion of two mines near the locality of Güclükonak, in Sirnak province. Furthermore, on 5 December the Iranian governmental daily paper Iran reported that the security forces had arrested 87 members and sympathisers of Kurdish organisations and killed nine others in the province of West Azerbaijan since the previous March. “Twenty-two members and 65 sympathisers of terrorist groups have been arrested since the beginning if the Iranian year” (which begins on 20 March) declared Hassan Karami, commander of the province’s police force, as quoted by the paper. “Nine other members were killed during clashes with the police”, he added. He also made the point that seven members of the police forces had been killed, three of whom by stepping on mines. The province of West Azerbaijan is mainly inhabited by Kurds, who also inhabit the neighbouring province of Kurdistan as well as those of Ilam and Kermanshah. The first two provinces are regularly the scene of armed clashes between Iranian troops and activists of Kurdish parties, particularly those of PEJAK, an Iranian Kurdish group close top the PKK (Kurdistan Workers’ Party) In another context, on 5 December, the Maastricht court rejected a demand by Turkey for the extradition of Nedim Seven, who is accused of murderous terrorist attacks on behalf of the PKK. Nedim Seven, 38 years of age, was arrested in the South of the Netherlands during a routine identity check in August. Following the appeal against the first refusal to extradite him in October, he was placed in detention, but the court ordered the immediate lifting of this detention. The judges justified their decision on the grounds that it had been established that he had been tortured by the Turkish security forces after his arrest in Adana in 1989, shortly after a pro- Kurdish demonstration. The “demand of extradition (…) was linked” to his alleged membership of the PKK, the court considered. Yet “it has been sufficiently established that Mr. Seven’s torture occurred in relation” to this political membership, which constitutes a violation of his fundamental rights, the court continued. On 15 September, the Netherlands Supreme Court had already forbidden the extradition of a woman leader of the PKK, Nuriye Kesbir, considering that she was in danger of being tortured and that the guarantees given by Ankara were insufficient. • DAMASCUS: THE SYRIAN COURTS ARE GAGGING ALL DISSENT. On 10 December, the National Organisation for Human Rights in Syria (NOHRS) indicated in a communiqué that a Syrian had been sentenced to twelve years imprisonment for being a member of the Moslem Brotherhood, a banned organisation. “Muhammed Thabet Helli was sentenced to 12 years in prison for membership of the Moslem Brotherhood by the High State Security Court”, an Emergency Law court whose verdicts are without any right of appeal, pointed out Ammar Qorabi, leaders of NOHRS. Syrian law awards death sentences for membership of the Moslem Brotherhood. However, since the mid-90s members of the Moslem Brotherhood are no longer executed, their sentences being commuted to long terms in prison.
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