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REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVIEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RIVISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASIN ÖZETÎ scene. l'need to saythis openly. Wêhave failed to take any steps toward dem~tization, the human rights record and enlarging the field of freedom. We even havestepped backwards. We sawall these easily from prison as weIL The erup~io~s of racism, th~ ~ncre,ase.~f nationaliSm, naturaUy;create$, a negaUye scene. TON- You have been sentenced to a prison term of 20 months due to part of one paragraph. You have served tlie term' and been released. You had said that the ideas that were mentioned in "The Collapse of Paradigma" have been conflfffied. Is this really true? BA~KA YA- We had a talk with you before I entered jail. And I told you that if I were sentenced that would mean that the state says, "Yes, what you have said was true." Smce time has passed, it is possible to claim this in a more open manner. It is obvious that the paradigma has collapsed and that this was proven several times. Buf I need to explain that one paragraph. A part of the book was about Kurds. The whole of the book was a criticism of the official view. I don't think that it is only related to the book. I was a writ~r of Özgür Gündem and a founder of Özgür Umversity. These things are very i'!1por- .tant in a country like Turkey, which IS not a judiciary state nor even a a state of law. It is neither a judiciary state nor a state of law, because they even fail to implement their own legislation. TON- Then, the state should apologize to you. You say that your claims have beèn confIrined. BA~K~ yA- I insist that my claims havebeen confirmed. However, such a thing will not take place in such a system. I do.n't even expect an apology. Thus, if those sections of society which need democracy more than ever do not push hard for it, the scope of freedom will never be widened. That is why I believe it is wron~ to assume that there is a direct correlatIon between the legal process and democratization. Because, what Ïs also important is the way in which laws, regulatIOns are issued. The powers behmd t.hose laws o.r eills are alsoJmportant. When we consider the present Parliament, the government, we should not be expecting much from them. The mission of the members of these formations is to block the way forward. . We have to put terms, concepts where they belong. Democracy? If we look at this process in this country, we can easily .see that no step has been taken for 70 years, because there is no tradition of stru~gling for democracy in Turkey. The sectIons of society which are really in need of democracy do not push hard for it. When this is the case the authorities - those in power - always won the argument ml gave nothing where democratization is concerned. Even when they gave some rights they took them back. For ~ample they drew up a constitution and then they n.arrowed it down on the groun4s that It was too much for society. !he,nm the following years they abol- Ished it as a whole. If those who earn their living by their labor.d0 n?t a.t:gue.strong~y and ask for what IS therrs, It Will be difficult for this country to attain ,democratization. TON- What happened to your application to the European Human RIghts Commission? BA~KA y A- I did apply and the process continues. I tliink around November, they'll consider whether to accept my file or not. The Commission has asked for à Turkish government statement on the matter. TDN~ Only a couple 'of dayshave passed since your release from jail .. How do you feel being at home? . BASKAYA- To be honest with you, I' feellike I have never been in jail. I feel like I never left my house. I know it is hard to believe this but.this is how I feel. As if my wife, Sevinç, did not come to . visit me 63 times. '. . We ~skèd Sevinçßa~kaya, wifeof Fikret B~kaya, our last questJ.on.. TDN- Row did you survive this experi-, ence. How did it affect you? .' . S. BA~KA yA- It .~as very ilifficult at fust. I felt so sad. Smce we were colleagues too, we used.to go everywhere together. We spent a great deal of our time together.We did not experience financial difficulties, but physiologically it was very difficult. I am proud of my husband. I always felt so. Of course we were affected very much by the incident,.~ however, we are so happy at the moment.' TON-.! would like to thank you both y~ry m~ch. I hope you will not be put in Jad agam. S-P: BASKAYA-We thimk you.' ,-------------------------------- -- LE BIEN PUBLIC LES DEPECHES DIMANCHE 18 juin 1995 Droits del/homme? Ce s0r:tt des pays proches de nous, où beaucoup se sont rendus ou vont se rendre en voyage. Ces touristes ne verront sans doute pas ce dont deux livres portent témoignages. Deux petits livres terribles - terriblement accusateurs. "La prison n05" par Mehdl Zena (129p, 85F, ArI6a).- Qu'il ne fasse pas bon être kurde sous le régime turc, nul n'en doute, Mais, alors que les médias occidentaux se sont très vite désintéressés de l'opération ~e .police" menée par l'armée turque dans le sud-est du pays, le témoignage de Mehdi Zana nous donne toute l'ampleur, toute l'horreur de la répression dont les Kurde~ font les frais. Leader du mouVl"fi'lent démocratique, élu maire de la principale ville kurde de Turquie, [?iyarbakir (plus d'un million et demi d'habitants) il a fait comme une multitude de militants kurdes l'objet de détentions, de tortures, d'humiliations dont le récit froid, objectif, mesuré qu'il en donne souligne "abjecte férocité. Aujourdhui, alors que la Turquie. membre de l'OTAN, frappe à la porte de la CEE, des avocats sont jugés par le tribunal devant lequel ils sont e"; train de défendre un accusé. On ai; merait croire que le sadisme férocequi s'exerçait à l'encontre des déte~ nus comme Zanajusqu'à sa Iibératiori (en 1991) n'est plus en vigueur ... "Ces terribles enfants de Rus. sie" (128p, 68F, Grlot).- Laissés pout, compte du grand chambardement russe, les enfants affrontent une situation terrible de misère, d'abandon, de dénuement, de désespérance absolue. Soumis à toutes les violences, à toutes les dé,viances, jetés sur le trottoir. délinquants pour survivre, ou tout simplement perdus dans un. monde qui les ignore pour mieux faire son .bizness", ils se confient, ils écrivent aux journaux. Les confessions de ces enfants d'un siècle pourri ont de quoi nous faire frémir, qui maternons nos propres rejetons dans l'édredon du .cocooning" ..... J.PH. ME;STRE 165
:::t:l tT1 ~ t:l tT1 ~ - , ~ ~ tT1 ~ ~ r.n :::t:l ~ ::j 0 ~ ~, ~ t:Il ::r: tT1 ~ ~ :I: ~ t::l g 8 ~ I:C ~ c:: "tl tT1> , ~ :::t:l ~ < (;; d ~ Vl ~ - , tj. tT1 ~ ~ -< ~ 0 ~ - ~ --l f; I -90 ~ - \0 \0 ~ \ '" t:Il :> r.n .... Z 0: N tT1 ~..... 0\ 0\ ._. . ~ .lmq Mutiny Reveals Cracks in Clan Loyalty By Youssef M. Ibrahim New York TimesSeniœ years to a point of becoming an essential this structure layer after layer as the ligence services under the command of pool from which sensitive command loyalty of each clan cOrnesunder suspi- Mr. Saddam's son, Qosai. posts in the army, intelligence ,and per- ci~n is a '1-cious cir~le that will only Historically, this sort of ostracism of a _ Alth oh' 'gnif' t' sonal corps of ~. Saddam s body- Widen the crrcles of discontent. whole group over suspicion of disloyalty ou~ mSI lcan m guards wen: recrwted' .. . h been .. PARIS military terms, the bnef mutiny by Iraqi, . . ..' . . In an earlier rebellion, the Jaboun as part of the po~tical culture of. Army units against President Saddam ,~e pUlitary ~~gni!Ican~ of .this re- clan. arose to protest the execution of Iraq, a country where .IdC
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