Lightness and Brightness and Other Confusions

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Harald Arnkil Lightness and Brightness and Other Confusions Introduction Literature and speech concerning colour and light is full of confusing, conflicting and contradictory usage. Take the very word colour. Sometimes it is used to refer to the percept, the sensation of for example redness, at others to the physical material, the paint, ink, dye or pigment acting as a stimulus for the sensation of redness. It is quite natural for words to have different meanings and usages in different environments, and the purpose of this article is not so much to provide definitive meanings to them, but to draw attention to the fact that different interpretations and meanings exist. The differences are of no great concern in everyday speech, but in professional, educational or research usage they can cause problems. Furthermore, there is hopefully something to be learned about the very nature of human interaction with light, colour and space from examining some of the different usages side by side. There are several types of confusions between terms and concepts dealing with colour and light. One type of confusion arises from mixing concepts belonging to different academic or professional traditions. An example of this is confusing the photometrically defined measure luminance with the perceptually defined attribute brightness. Another type of confusion is exemplified by lightness and brightness. Both terms have a specific and differentiated definition in perceptual science, but at the same time they are a very familiar part of everyday language, where their usages overlap without clear distinction as to their different meanings. A third type of confusion often arises when general experiences or categories have to be further defined for scientific purposes. These definitions can be similar, but not exactly the same, in different conceptual systems. For example, in everyday language we can talk about such as the vividness of a colour and be rather certain that we can make ourselves understood; but in scientific usage there are many terms and concepts, such as chroma, chromaticity and chromaticness, having either the same or almost the same meaning. 67
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Contents Foreword .................
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faculties. It is therefore most fit
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We are left with the paint chip. He
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The domain of colour psychophysics
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greater than the smallest colour di
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involved. It is worth mentioning th
Page 18 and 19: Ulf Klarén Natural Experiences and
Page 20 and 21: that without “benefit of logic”
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Page 24 and 25: ence derives its origin from multip
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Page 34 and 35: References Baumgarten, Gottlieb (19
Page 36 and 37: Harald Arnkil Seeing and Perceiving
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Page 42 and 43: What Gregory is saying is that at t
Page 44 and 45: Zeki goes on to say to say that Mon
Page 46 and 47: References Billger, Monica (1999).
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Page 52 and 53: could be called the constancy colou
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Page 58 and 59: Cadmium Red 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 4
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Page 82 and 83: Munsell’s principal hues and Heri
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Page 104 and 105: About the Authors Harald Arnkil is
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