Systems Analysis of Zaragoza Urban Water - SWITCH - Managing ...

Systems Analysis of Zaragoza UWS
Guillermo Penagos
Annex 9. Calculation of Environmental Impacts from Transportation
Energy consumed and CO 2 emissions
Total mass of chemical products and sludge per year at the different UWS facilities can be
obtained from previous annexes.
Factors for CO 2 emissions and energy consumption derived from transportation of products in
Heavy trucks where obtained from Thonstad (2005):
CO 2 emission factor (g/ton/km) = 69
Energy consumption factor (Kwh/ton/km) = 0.22
Distances between facilities and production companies (for chemical products) and between
facilities and disposal sites (for sludge) were provided by the Local Agenda 21 Office of Zaragoza.
Total annual mass (ton)
DWTP Cartuja Almozara
Paper
mills
Year Chlorine Alum PAC
Sludge
as Dry
matter
Iron
Chloride
Sludge
as ash Sludge Sludge
2001 3,365 10,045 0 0 5,065 4,754 1,077 1,139
2002 2,974 9,090 0 3,489 4,843 4,640 1,112 1,139
2003 2,909 9,331 45 7,594 4,692 5,113 1,129 1,139
2004 3,074 9,840 337 5,995 4,681 3,698 1,240 1,139
2005 2,237 7,526 178 5,974 5,042 4,048 1,231 1,139
2006 2,456 5,989 179 7,674 4,763 4,135 1,073 1,139
Distance
(km) 25 32 18 21 18 21 15 21
Resulting factors from multiplying distances
CO 2 1725 2208 1242 1449 1242 1449 1035 1449
Energy 5.5 7.04 3.96 4.62 3.96 4.62 3.3 4.62
The values for Energy consumption are the following:
Total energy consumption from transportation of sludge and chemical products (Kwh)
DWTP Cartuja Almozara
Paper
mills
Year Chlorine Alum PAC
Sludge
as Dry
matter
Iron
Chloride
Sludge
as ash Sludge Sludge
2001 18,508 70,714 0 0 20,057 21,965 3,555 5,264
2002 16,356 63,992 0 16,120 19,177 21,439 3,669 5,264
2003 15,997 65,692 178 35,082 18,579 23,622 3,726 5,264
2004 16,906 69,274 1,333 27,696 18,539 17,084 4,093 5,264
2005 12,305 52,984 704 27,600 19,968 18,701 4,064 5,264
2006 13,506 42,162 708 35,454 18,863 19,104 3,539 5,264
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