Systems Analysis of Zaragoza Urban Water - SWITCH - Managing ...
Systems Analysis of Zaragoza Urban Water - SWITCH - Managing ...
Systems Analysis of Zaragoza Urban Water - SWITCH - Managing ...
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<strong>Systems</strong> <strong>Analysis</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Zaragoza</strong> UWS<br />
Guillermo Penagos<br />
4.3.2 Energy consumption and Atmospheric emissions<br />
Figure 8 shows the total energy consumption <strong>of</strong> <strong>Zaragoza</strong> UWS discriminated by<br />
process. Both direct as well as indirect energy consumption are included. Direct<br />
consumption is electric power required for operation. Indirect consumption is the one<br />
required for transportation <strong>of</strong> both sludge and chemical products. It can be seen that<br />
around 60% <strong>of</strong> total consumption is due to WWT process. The contribution <strong>of</strong><br />
groundwater extraction to total energy consumption is negligible. Energy<br />
consumption per water cubic meter is around 0.35 Kwh for WWT, 0.12 Kwh for DWT<br />
and 0.02 Kwh for groundwater extraction. Sludge digestion at “Almozara” and “Paper<br />
mills” as well as heat recovery at “Cartuja” allow energy production by the UWS for<br />
about 4 Gwh every year, which represents 10% <strong>of</strong> total energy consumption by the<br />
UWS system. (see figure 8).<br />
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