FINAL REPORT

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Mobile Animal Husbandry The most important livelihood base of Khovd sum’s population is mobile animal husbandry. In 2005, 558 out of total 866 households were registered as herders and most households owned at least a smallamount of livestock (KASY 2005). Fig. 45 illustrates the development of livestock numbers in Khovd sum. It shows a decrease in the beginning of the 1990s caused by outmigration of herders to Kazakhstan, followed by an increase. After 1997 recurring zud and drought caused the death of thousands of livestock. However, herds have recovered in recent years mainly due to more favourable climatic conditions and rising numbers of goats. 140,000 Camel Horses Cattle Sheep Goats Total 120,000 100,000 Livestock 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 Year Figure45:Livestock Development andComposition, Khovd sum (1983-2005) Source: Statistics provided by the aimag administration 98
Cultivation Agriculture In Khovd sum, 1,636 ha are classified as land for cultivation agriculture (ALAGAC, 2005). The majority of these potential farmlands are located in Ulaanburaa bag in the Buyant River Delta. During socialism, the negdel of Khovd sum cultivated up to 1,200 ha farmland each year with fodder crops, cereals, potatoes, vegetables and melons 17 (see Fig. 46). In addition, crop farmers from Myangad sum’s Davshilt negdel cultivated 200-250 ha on the territory of Khovd sum, in the northern part of the Buyant River Delta at Doloogiin gazar, Ulaanburaa bag(see Chapter15). Vegetables Potatoes Cereals Fodder Crops Total 1,400 1,200 1,000 Sown area (ha) 800 600 400 200 0 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 Year Source: Statistics provided by the aimag and sum administration Figure 46: Sown area of negdel and Crop Farmers, Khovd sum (1980-2005) After the dissolution of the negdel, the sown area declined sharply and the irrigation facilities went out of use. Cultivation of fodder crops and cereals ceased to almost zero. Since the mid of the 1990s, crop farming is increasing again. Nowadays, private households and a cooperative plant mainly potatoes, vegetables and melons. But the farmers from Ulaanburaa bag are facing serious water access problems. Also at Dund Us -distant from the Buyant River Delta -several and are irrigated with water from small streams households have started crop farming on fields that are located close to the sum center. In addition there are still Myangad farmers at Doloogin gazar and households from Buyant sum have started farming 17 In the statistics, melons are counted as vegetables. 99
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA CEN
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TABLE OF CONTENT Summary Summary...
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15.2.5 Important Issues for Improvi
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Summary A detailed study about the
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Western Region and to a certain ext
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as physical and ecological informat
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of the SLA is the examination of th
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A separate questionnaire was used t
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Cereals Potatoes Vegetables Fodder
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years with a single extension of up
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Bayan-Ulgii Govi-Altai Zavkhan Uvs
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The aimag is divided into 17 sums a
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Herdsmen Households Total Household
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livestock fodder, and potato cultiv
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Since the mid 1990s, local resident
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In recent years, access to irrigati
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This part of the study aims to desc
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(Figure 15 and 16). The river run-o
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0 C 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 -1,001
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Sampling direction Map7: Catchment
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groundwater, because of an open cha
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Sewage plant channel Sewage plant c
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Results of the analysis The positio
Page 47 and 48: Three samples show a high content o
Page 49 and 50: 83 482.162.349 919.666.361 1171 Iri
Page 51 and 52: Figure 25:Investigation Area 4:Davs
Page 53 and 54: 10 110 6.45 1.202 1.156 15.6 29.2 4
Page 55 and 56: 113 482.217.440 917.812.501 1224 S(
Page 57 and 58: For the evaluation of the chemical
Page 59 and 60: IDENT. LATITUDE LONGITUDE Remarks 2
Page 61 and 62: 10.3 Soil Conditions (M. Walther) M
Page 63 and 64: 4. Determination of total content o
Page 65 and 66: 2Ag + +CrO 2- 4 →Ag 2 CrO 4 (s) M
Page 67 and 68: Materials. 0.1M NaOH Eriochrome bla
Page 69 and 70: Cadmium Current ; 8mA/0mA Burner he
Page 71 and 72: Vegetation The areas with desert st
Page 73 and 74: No: Species of Plants (Gubanov, 199
Page 75 and 76: 30 Iris lacteal Abundant Perennial
Page 77 and 78: M 64 Sonchus oleraceus Abundant Ann
Page 79 and 80: No: Life Ranges Plant Species (as E
Page 81 and 82: We compared the records on plants a
Page 83 and 84: 43 Glaux maritime Sp 1 44 Heteropap
Page 85 and 86: 35 Motacilla personata 36 Lanius cr
Page 87 and 88: ‣ As shown by the hydrological an
Page 89 and 90: Single values of the heavy metal di
Page 91 and 92: ppm Figure 31: Total nitrogen 1055
Page 93 and 94: ppm Figure 37: Heavy metal - Zn 145
Page 95 and 96: 12. Summary of Field Research and S
Page 97: 6,000 5,000 Inhabitants 4,000 3,000
Page 101 and 102: members stay at the crop fields. Th
Page 103 and 104: Amount (t) 600 500 400 300 200 100
Page 105 and 106: Thus calculated, on average each ho
Page 107 and 108: 13.2.3 Legal Situation in Land Righ
Page 109 and 110: Concerning the question “Are you
Page 111 and 112: • support in marketing • suppor
Page 113 and 114: Inhabitants 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000
Page 115 and 116: 1995. There are cases of former neg
Page 117 and 118: products marketed in 2005/06. Farme
Page 119 and 120: Further sources of revenue were pen
Page 121 and 122: Constraints and Conflicts Concernin
Page 123 and 124: • limit import of cheap crops The
Page 125 and 126: Chantuu (Uzbek) Durvid 4% 7% Zakhch
Page 127 and 128: households and five cooperatives pl
Page 129 and 130: 15.2.2 Economic Structure and Crop
Page 131 and 132: Crops Potatoes Carrots Tomatoes Cuc
Page 133 and 134: Cooperation among households Concer
Page 135 and 136: ecause their farmlands are located
Page 137 and 138: 15. 3 Summary The main findings of
Page 139 and 140: In 2005, 3,800 households (57%) wer
Page 141 and 142: impoverished households have starte
Page 143 and 144: that they had official employment a
Page 145 and 146: In Jargalant, the number of househo
Page 147 and 148: • high land fee • machinery and
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• support in resolving problems w
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17.2 Crop farming for household and
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Photos 17-18:Crop Marketing at the
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Apart from vegetable and cereal cul
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That means that revenues from one h
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• raise import tax/bans forvegeta
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and marketing, organization of regu
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more nomadic livestock keepers depe
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unsocial way from sufficient water
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in cities of neighbouring Russian S
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MAS 1990: Information Mongolia: The
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gol Govi-Altai Janjin Boolt Khantun
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9. Budee-Land Officer of Khovd aima
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FINAL REPORT

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