FINAL REPORT

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other words: The Buyant River Delta has the potential to become the center of vegetables, fruit, and potato production for the Western Region of Mongolia, if current irrigation problems are solved. Although the highest lack between harvest and demand exists with regard to cereals, it does not seem advisable to increase cereal cultivation significantly in the Buyant River Delta. Recommended Consumption Harvest 80 000 70 000 60 000 50 000 40 000 30 000 20 000 10 000 0 Cereals 6 014 Potatoes 0 Vegetables 1 899 5 806 Fruits* 3 165 4 057 Cereals 4 431 4 066 Potatoes 12 543 Vegetables Recommended Consumption and Harvest (t) 613 3 961 7 019 Fruits* 6 601 4 980 9 242 4 427 55 951 2 732 17 669 15 982 70 675 14 335 Cereals Potatoes Vegetables and Buyant River Delta Khovd aimag Western Region Crops *only melons, no harvest results for other fruits are available Source: Statistics provided by aimag administration, NSOM (2006) Figure 84: Recommended Consumption and Harvest in the Buyant River Delta, Khovd aimag and the Western Region of Mongolia (2005) Cereal yields and revenues are comparably low: In Khovd aimag, the average yield of cereals between 2002 and 2006 was 0.88 t/ha (NSOM 2006:184,189). In the local shops, wheat flour from Russia, China or Kazakhstan is sold for 400 MNT /kg. That means that revenues per hectare in case of cereal cultivation could not be more than 350,000 MNT /ha, being much less than revenues from other crops. 39 The same problem appears with cultivation of sunflowers. A few years ago, TACIS financed a sunflower oil press in Buyant sum which is almost decommissioned today (see Photo 24). Farmers described the reason as follows: From one hectare the yield is approximately one ton of sunflower seeds, out of which 300 litres oil are pressed. One litre imported sunflower oil costs about 1,500 MNT in the stores in Khovd. 39 An exception could be the cultivation of barley. Farmers from Khovd sum expressed their intention to start its cultivation because barley is used for Kazaks’ traditional dishes. 156
That means that revenues from one hectare could not be more than 450,000 MNT. These results also point to the question of import policies: Many farmers complained that, as long as tariffs for some imported crops or foodstuff are low, it is not possible for local farmers to compete with cheap import prices. 17.4 Storing of Crops Photo by J. Hartwig, June 2006 Photo 24: A Sunflower Press in Buyant sum Financed by TACIS is almost out of use In recent years, most experienced crop farming households at Buyant and Khovd sum have built own storage facilities for potatoes, carrots, turnips or cabbage. However new and less experienced farmers face difficulties to store their harvest. They are forced to sell their crops at autumn, when prices are low and thus having problems to generate incomes in other seasons. Most storage facilities have a capacity between 10 and 50 tonnes. In Buyant sum the Khantungalag cooperative, supported by SDC, has built two storages with a capacity of up to 120 tonnes (see Photo 25). The cooperative is specialised in producing seed potatoes and other crop seeds for the local demand. At Jargalant sum there are still four large storages that were built in socialist times, but out of use at present due to decay. 17.5 Crop Processing Crop processing is very limited in the Buyant River Delta. Most households preserve vegetables like cucumbers, tomatoes, mixed salad or prepare jam 40 only for their own needs or for sale in small amounts. The following reasons were stated for this low processing rate: Photo by J. Hartwig, June 2006 Photo 25: The Khantungalag Cooperative builds a Storage Facility with Support from SDC, Buyant sum • low skills and experiences in preserving • heavy work load in autumn • difficulties in obtaining sufficient jars and lids 40 Jam is made from fruits like melons, apples, seabuckthorn and tomatoes. 157
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA CEN
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TABLE OF CONTENT Summary Summary...
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15.2.5 Important Issues for Improvi
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Summary A detailed study about the
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Western Region and to a certain ext
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as physical and ecological informat
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of the SLA is the examination of th
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A separate questionnaire was used t
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Cereals Potatoes Vegetables Fodder
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years with a single extension of up
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Bayan-Ulgii Govi-Altai Zavkhan Uvs
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The aimag is divided into 17 sums a
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Herdsmen Households Total Household
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livestock fodder, and potato cultiv
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Since the mid 1990s, local resident
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In recent years, access to irrigati
Page 33 and 34:
This part of the study aims to desc
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(Figure 15 and 16). The river run-o
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0 C 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 -1,001
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Sampling direction Map7: Catchment
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groundwater, because of an open cha
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Sewage plant channel Sewage plant c
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Results of the analysis The positio
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Three samples show a high content o
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83 482.162.349 919.666.361 1171 Iri
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Figure 25:Investigation Area 4:Davs
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10 110 6.45 1.202 1.156 15.6 29.2 4
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113 482.217.440 917.812.501 1224 S(
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For the evaluation of the chemical
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IDENT. LATITUDE LONGITUDE Remarks 2
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10.3 Soil Conditions (M. Walther) M
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4. Determination of total content o
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2Ag + +CrO 2- 4 →Ag 2 CrO 4 (s) M
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Materials. 0.1M NaOH Eriochrome bla
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Cadmium Current ; 8mA/0mA Burner he
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Vegetation The areas with desert st
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No: Species of Plants (Gubanov, 199
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30 Iris lacteal Abundant Perennial
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M 64 Sonchus oleraceus Abundant Ann
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No: Life Ranges Plant Species (as E
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We compared the records on plants a
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43 Glaux maritime Sp 1 44 Heteropap
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35 Motacilla personata 36 Lanius cr
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‣ As shown by the hydrological an
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Single values of the heavy metal di
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ppm Figure 31: Total nitrogen 1055
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ppm Figure 37: Heavy metal - Zn 145
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12. Summary of Field Research and S
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6,000 5,000 Inhabitants 4,000 3,000
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Cultivation Agriculture In Khovd su
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members stay at the crop fields. Th
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Amount (t) 600 500 400 300 200 100
Page 105 and 106: Thus calculated, on average each ho
Page 107 and 108: 13.2.3 Legal Situation in Land Righ
Page 109 and 110: Concerning the question “Are you
Page 111 and 112: • support in marketing • suppor
Page 113 and 114: Inhabitants 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000
Page 115 and 116: 1995. There are cases of former neg
Page 117 and 118: products marketed in 2005/06. Farme
Page 119 and 120: Further sources of revenue were pen
Page 121 and 122: Constraints and Conflicts Concernin
Page 123 and 124: • limit import of cheap crops The
Page 125 and 126: Chantuu (Uzbek) Durvid 4% 7% Zakhch
Page 127 and 128: households and five cooperatives pl
Page 129 and 130: 15.2.2 Economic Structure and Crop
Page 131 and 132: Crops Potatoes Carrots Tomatoes Cuc
Page 133 and 134: Cooperation among households Concer
Page 135 and 136: ecause their farmlands are located
Page 137 and 138: 15. 3 Summary The main findings of
Page 139 and 140: In 2005, 3,800 households (57%) wer
Page 141 and 142: impoverished households have starte
Page 143 and 144: that they had official employment a
Page 145 and 146: In Jargalant, the number of househo
Page 147 and 148: • high land fee • machinery and
Page 149 and 150: • support in resolving problems w
Page 151 and 152: 17.2 Crop farming for household and
Page 153 and 154: Photos 17-18:Crop Marketing at the
Page 155: Apart from vegetable and cereal cul
Page 159 and 160: • raise import tax/bans forvegeta
Page 161 and 162: and marketing, organization of regu
Page 163 and 164: more nomadic livestock keepers depe
Page 165 and 166: unsocial way from sufficient water
Page 167 and 168: in cities of neighbouring Russian S
Page 169 and 170: MAS 1990: Information Mongolia: The
Page 171 and 172: gol Govi-Altai Janjin Boolt Khantun
Page 173: 9. Budee-Land Officer of Khovd aima
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FINAL REPORT

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