FINAL REPORT

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children at school age. 88.5% (46) of the households had 1-5 unemployed members, living mainly from agriculture. Apart from crop farmers and agropastoralists, the survey covered two herder’s households and 11 government officials and workers. Fig. 74 shows the structure of surveyed households by nationalities and ethnic groups: The majority belonged to Khalkh and Kazak and the remaining to Uzbek (Chantuu), Tuva, Myangad, and other ethnic groups. Agropastoralists who possess large livestock herds migrate seasonally according to the following patterns: Winter: In the areas of Buyant River, Burgastain River, Zamiya River, Zegestei, Shar Caragana, Tsagaan River, Nariin River, Shalbaagiin khaya. Spring:Mainly remain in the wintering areas or nearby. Summer: In the areas of Ulaan bogoch and at Bugat uzuur (restricted in recent years due to cattle disease). Autumn: Remain in summer areas or move toward wintering areas. Some households with large herds settle for about a month in the Buyant RiverDelta and along Khovd River for hay harvest. Crop farming households who cultivate fields close to the sum center live at the centerand do not settle permanently at the fields -instead only few family members stay at the farmland or come in the morning and return in the afternoon. 28 Due to the mosquito plague in summer, the sum center itself is being moved to Durviin gazar, north of the aimag center, where gers are set up. Even the administration and the hospital participate in the seasonal movement. Crop farmers can be divided in following three groups: 1. Households with several generations lasting farming experience in cultivation agriculture 2. Households farming since 1990 who started their activities due to struggling with poverty during transition 3. Government officials and workers including the governor himself, the deputy governor, environmental and agriculture inspectors, firemen, guards and so on, together with their family members cultivating crops to meet household needs and additionally to sell at the market. 28 Some households have built small shelters at their farmland where household members stay from spring to fall. 128
15.2.2 Economic Structure and Crop Marketing Farmland and Cultivation 30 26,9 25 Sown Area (ha) 20 15 10 5 0 5,7 2,83 1,09 0,51 5,46 3,92 11,7 1,85 1,07 Potatoes Carrots Tomatoes Cucumbers Onions Cabbages Turnips Watermelons Honeydew Melons Other Crops Source: Survey results, June 2006 Figure 75: Sown Area for Crop Cultivation of Surveyed Households, Buyant sum (2006) In 2006, the surveyed households, out of which 50 were engaged in crop farming, cultivated 61 ha -on average 1.22 ha per household. The household with the smallest fields cultivated 0.05 ha, cooperative members with the largest fields cultivated 7 ha. Potatoes are the most often cultivated crop among surveyed farmers and 44% of farmland is used for potato plantation (see Fig. 75). Watermelons, carrots, cabbage, turnips and tomatoes come next and there is only limited cultivation of cucumbers and onions. None reported to plant cereals or fodder crops. Some livestock owning households also possess hayfields which are located mainly east of the sum center and vary from 0.6 ha to 3 ha. The hayfields and farmlands are fenced by iron nets or with fences made from Caragana shrubs. 129
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA CEN
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TABLE OF CONTENT Summary Summary...
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15.2.5 Important Issues for Improvi
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Summary A detailed study about the
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Western Region and to a certain ext
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as physical and ecological informat
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of the SLA is the examination of th
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A separate questionnaire was used t
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Cereals Potatoes Vegetables Fodder
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years with a single extension of up
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Bayan-Ulgii Govi-Altai Zavkhan Uvs
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The aimag is divided into 17 sums a
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Herdsmen Households Total Household
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livestock fodder, and potato cultiv
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Since the mid 1990s, local resident
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In recent years, access to irrigati
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This part of the study aims to desc
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(Figure 15 and 16). The river run-o
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0 C 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 -1,001
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Sampling direction Map7: Catchment
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groundwater, because of an open cha
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Sewage plant channel Sewage plant c
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Results of the analysis The positio
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Three samples show a high content o
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83 482.162.349 919.666.361 1171 Iri
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Figure 25:Investigation Area 4:Davs
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10 110 6.45 1.202 1.156 15.6 29.2 4
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113 482.217.440 917.812.501 1224 S(
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For the evaluation of the chemical
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IDENT. LATITUDE LONGITUDE Remarks 2
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10.3 Soil Conditions (M. Walther) M
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4. Determination of total content o
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2Ag + +CrO 2- 4 →Ag 2 CrO 4 (s) M
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Materials. 0.1M NaOH Eriochrome bla
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Cadmium Current ; 8mA/0mA Burner he
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Vegetation The areas with desert st
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No: Species of Plants (Gubanov, 199
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30 Iris lacteal Abundant Perennial
Page 77 and 78: M 64 Sonchus oleraceus Abundant Ann
Page 79 and 80: No: Life Ranges Plant Species (as E
Page 81 and 82: We compared the records on plants a
Page 83 and 84: 43 Glaux maritime Sp 1 44 Heteropap
Page 85 and 86: 35 Motacilla personata 36 Lanius cr
Page 87 and 88: ‣ As shown by the hydrological an
Page 89 and 90: Single values of the heavy metal di
Page 91 and 92: ppm Figure 31: Total nitrogen 1055
Page 93 and 94: ppm Figure 37: Heavy metal - Zn 145
Page 95 and 96: 12. Summary of Field Research and S
Page 97 and 98: 6,000 5,000 Inhabitants 4,000 3,000
Page 99 and 100: Cultivation Agriculture In Khovd su
Page 101 and 102: members stay at the crop fields. Th
Page 103 and 104: Amount (t) 600 500 400 300 200 100
Page 105 and 106: Thus calculated, on average each ho
Page 107 and 108: 13.2.3 Legal Situation in Land Righ
Page 109 and 110: Concerning the question “Are you
Page 111 and 112: • support in marketing • suppor
Page 113 and 114: Inhabitants 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000
Page 115 and 116: 1995. There are cases of former neg
Page 117 and 118: products marketed in 2005/06. Farme
Page 119 and 120: Further sources of revenue were pen
Page 121 and 122: Constraints and Conflicts Concernin
Page 123 and 124: • limit import of cheap crops The
Page 125 and 126: Chantuu (Uzbek) Durvid 4% 7% Zakhch
Page 127: households and five cooperatives pl
Page 131 and 132: Crops Potatoes Carrots Tomatoes Cuc
Page 133 and 134: Cooperation among households Concer
Page 135 and 136: ecause their farmlands are located
Page 137 and 138: 15. 3 Summary The main findings of
Page 139 and 140: In 2005, 3,800 households (57%) wer
Page 141 and 142: impoverished households have starte
Page 143 and 144: that they had official employment a
Page 145 and 146: In Jargalant, the number of househo
Page 147 and 148: • high land fee • machinery and
Page 149 and 150: • support in resolving problems w
Page 151 and 152: 17.2 Crop farming for household and
Page 153 and 154: Photos 17-18:Crop Marketing at the
Page 155 and 156: Apart from vegetable and cereal cul
Page 157 and 158: That means that revenues from one h
Page 159 and 160: • raise import tax/bans forvegeta
Page 161 and 162: and marketing, organization of regu
Page 163 and 164: more nomadic livestock keepers depe
Page 165 and 166: unsocial way from sufficient water
Page 167 and 168: in cities of neighbouring Russian S
Page 169 and 170: MAS 1990: Information Mongolia: The
Page 171 and 172: gol Govi-Altai Janjin Boolt Khantun
Page 173: 9. Budee-Land Officer of Khovd aima
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FINAL REPORT

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