FINAL REPORT

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Households 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Cooperation in crop farming? Cooperation in irrigation? Cooperation in preparing of farmland? Cooperation in crop marketing? Cooperation in livestock herding? Figure 66: Cooperation among Farmers’ Households Source: Survey results, June 2006 14.2.3 Legal Situation in Land Rights and Water Distribution Land titles and fees All survey involved farmers held official land titles for crop and hay fields. The six households in total possessed 14.6 ha of farmland and 16.4 ha land for hay making. In Khovd sum, where the fields are located, the farmers pay 8,000 MNT /ha land fee per year. The households stated that in 2005 they had paid the total sum of 302,000 MNTto the Khovd sum budget. Some households claimed that the amount they had to pay was higher than the official land fee. Need for expansion Three households responded that they needed more farmland for expansion. The others did not have such desire considering they had enough land. Those households who wished to cultivate more land responded that they needed in total 8 ha additionally, which is about 2.6 ha per household. Three households had already submitted their request to the sum administration for more farmland. According to the sum’s agricultural specialist, there are several households in the sum willing to involve in crop farming in case irrigation problems are solved. 120
Constraints and Conflicts Concerning water availability, the following constraints are common among surveyed farmers: • water reaches the fields very late in spring • the fields are located downstream of Buyant and Khovd sums’ farmland, therefore there is a lack of irrigation water 25 The households responded that Buyant River has its highest level in July and the lowest level in April and May. In spring, irrigation water reaches their farmland with delay because their fields are located at the end of the Buyant River Delta and the crop farmers located further south use water intensively for irrigation. Most of the surveyed households had no ideas on how to improve efficient use of water. However, they expressed their desire for scientific research to find applicable solutions and if those were developed they expressed their readiness for support. The survey involved farmers mentioned the following additional constraints to crop farming: • financial issues • increase of pests • lack of agricultural machineries and technology; high input expenditures for farming activities where machineries are used Rehabilitation of JanjinBoolt Headwork Households 5 4 3 2 1 0 Yes No Do you support the reconstruction of Janjin Boolt headwork? Households 5 4 3 2 1 0 Yes No Would you agree to pay a water fee? Source: Survey results, June 2006 Figure 67: Support for Reconstruction of Janjin Boolt Headwork Source: Survey results, June 2006 Figure 68: Support for Introduction of a Water Fee 25 But the farmers had built their own irrigation channels using water from a stream at Buyant sum. Thus, compared with other farmers in Khovd sum, the water availability, even if not sufficient, seemed to be better. This would explain the comparable large size of fields and good harvest results. 121
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA CEN
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TABLE OF CONTENT Summary Summary...
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15.2.5 Important Issues for Improvi
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Summary A detailed study about the
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Western Region and to a certain ext
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as physical and ecological informat
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of the SLA is the examination of th
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A separate questionnaire was used t
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Cereals Potatoes Vegetables Fodder
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years with a single extension of up
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Bayan-Ulgii Govi-Altai Zavkhan Uvs
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The aimag is divided into 17 sums a
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Herdsmen Households Total Household
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livestock fodder, and potato cultiv
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Since the mid 1990s, local resident
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In recent years, access to irrigati
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This part of the study aims to desc
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(Figure 15 and 16). The river run-o
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0 C 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 -1,001
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Sampling direction Map7: Catchment
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groundwater, because of an open cha
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Sewage plant channel Sewage plant c
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Results of the analysis The positio
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Three samples show a high content o
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83 482.162.349 919.666.361 1171 Iri
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Figure 25:Investigation Area 4:Davs
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10 110 6.45 1.202 1.156 15.6 29.2 4
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113 482.217.440 917.812.501 1224 S(
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For the evaluation of the chemical
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IDENT. LATITUDE LONGITUDE Remarks 2
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10.3 Soil Conditions (M. Walther) M
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4. Determination of total content o
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2Ag + +CrO 2- 4 →Ag 2 CrO 4 (s) M
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Materials. 0.1M NaOH Eriochrome bla
Page 69 and 70: Cadmium Current ; 8mA/0mA Burner he
Page 71 and 72: Vegetation The areas with desert st
Page 73 and 74: No: Species of Plants (Gubanov, 199
Page 75 and 76: 30 Iris lacteal Abundant Perennial
Page 77 and 78: M 64 Sonchus oleraceus Abundant Ann
Page 79 and 80: No: Life Ranges Plant Species (as E
Page 81 and 82: We compared the records on plants a
Page 83 and 84: 43 Glaux maritime Sp 1 44 Heteropap
Page 85 and 86: 35 Motacilla personata 36 Lanius cr
Page 87 and 88: ‣ As shown by the hydrological an
Page 89 and 90: Single values of the heavy metal di
Page 91 and 92: ppm Figure 31: Total nitrogen 1055
Page 93 and 94: ppm Figure 37: Heavy metal - Zn 145
Page 95 and 96: 12. Summary of Field Research and S
Page 97 and 98: 6,000 5,000 Inhabitants 4,000 3,000
Page 99 and 100: Cultivation Agriculture In Khovd su
Page 101 and 102: members stay at the crop fields. Th
Page 103 and 104: Amount (t) 600 500 400 300 200 100
Page 105 and 106: Thus calculated, on average each ho
Page 107 and 108: 13.2.3 Legal Situation in Land Righ
Page 109 and 110: Concerning the question “Are you
Page 111 and 112: • support in marketing • suppor
Page 113 and 114: Inhabitants 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000
Page 115 and 116: 1995. There are cases of former neg
Page 117 and 118: products marketed in 2005/06. Farme
Page 119: Further sources of revenue were pen
Page 123 and 124: • limit import of cheap crops The
Page 125 and 126: Chantuu (Uzbek) Durvid 4% 7% Zakhch
Page 127 and 128: households and five cooperatives pl
Page 129 and 130: 15.2.2 Economic Structure and Crop
Page 131 and 132: Crops Potatoes Carrots Tomatoes Cuc
Page 133 and 134: Cooperation among households Concer
Page 135 and 136: ecause their farmlands are located
Page 137 and 138: 15. 3 Summary The main findings of
Page 139 and 140: In 2005, 3,800 households (57%) wer
Page 141 and 142: impoverished households have starte
Page 143 and 144: that they had official employment a
Page 145 and 146: In Jargalant, the number of househo
Page 147 and 148: • high land fee • machinery and
Page 149 and 150: • support in resolving problems w
Page 151 and 152: 17.2 Crop farming for household and
Page 153 and 154: Photos 17-18:Crop Marketing at the
Page 155 and 156: Apart from vegetable and cereal cul
Page 157 and 158: That means that revenues from one h
Page 159 and 160: • raise import tax/bans forvegeta
Page 161 and 162: and marketing, organization of regu
Page 163 and 164: more nomadic livestock keepers depe
Page 165 and 166: unsocial way from sufficient water
Page 167 and 168: in cities of neighbouring Russian S
Page 169 and 170: MAS 1990: Information Mongolia: The
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gol Govi-Altai Janjin Boolt Khantun
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9. Budee-Land Officer of Khovd aima
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FINAL REPORT

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