Two decades of community forestry in Nepal: What have we learned?

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Two decades of community forestry in Nepal: What have we learned? mitigation measures in response to climate change, good potential was identifi ed for making such an explicit link in the future. Whilst both NSCFP and LFP were found to have made signifi cant contributions to forestry policy, the strong and continued resistance on the part of government to certain pro-poor reform measures (especially the commercialisation of forest products) was highlighted. Simply put: there are still many challenges ahead. As a fi nal point of refl ection, it has been estimated that, if all activities are taken into account and calculated at their real value (rather than voluntary unpaid contribution), the annual cost of community forestry per CFUG is approximately NRs 119,100. Of this, the government bears about 13%, donors have so far provided about 16%, and the rest, an overwhelming 71%, is borne by local communities themselves (Pokharel et al, 2008; Bhattarai, 2011). Over the last 20 years, SDC has provided some CHF 22 million in support of community forestry in Nepal. Whilst it would be disingenuous to calculate the contribution of local communities in the NSCFP area against this fi gure, it is nevertheless worth considering their huge investment and commitment - especially as some 39% of CFUG members are, by any defi nition, living in poverty. The value of community forestry to them lies in securing their long term access to and rights over forest resources, and in affording membership of a local decision-making body that is expected to function democratically, and to treat its members with dignity. 80
REFERENCES Two decades of community forestry in Nepal: What have we learned? Acharya, K. P. (2002) Twenty-four years of community forestry in Nepal, International Forestry Review, 4 (2). Acharya, M., and Bennett L. (1981) The rural women of Nepal: An aggregate analysis and summary of 8 village studies The Status of Women in Nepal Vol.2, Part 9 CEDA Tribhuvan University, Nepal. Agarwal, B. (2001) Participatory Exclusions, Community Forestry, and Gender: An Analysis for South Asia and a Conceptual Framework World Development, 29 (10), 1623-1648. Bennett, L. (1983) Dangerous wives and sacred sisters Social and symbolic roles of high-caste women in Nepal Columbia University Press, USA. Bhattarai, R.C. (forthcoming 2011) Economic Impact of Community Forestry in Nepal: A case of NSCFP supported districts. A Study Report. NSCFP, Kathmandu. Bird, K. (2009) How development cooperation can support pro-poor policy processes Pro. Poor Policy Briefi ng Paper, ODI, Intercooperation and SDC http://www.povertywellbeing.net/en/Home/Pro_Poor_Policy/More_on_Pro_Poor_Policy. Branney, P. and Yadav, K.P. (1998) Changes in Community Forest Condition and Management 1994 -1998: Analysis of information from the Forest Resource Assessment Study and Socio-Economic Study of the Koshi Hills. Kathmandu: DFID. Byrne, S. and Chhetry, B. (2011) Preparing an Inclusive and Integrated Local Level Development Plan: Lessons Learned from Six VDCs. Discussion Paper 8, Nepal Swiss Community Forestry Project, Kathmandu, Nepal. Campbell, J. G. (2011) Synthesis of Learning from SDC and DFID Funded Community Forestry Projects Internal report submitted to SDC and DFID. Carter, E.J. (1992) Tree cultivation on private land in the middle hills of Nepal: lessons from some villagers of Dolakha District Mountain Research and Development, 12 (3): 241-255. Chhetry, B. (2010) Independent Review of NSCFP, Nepal Swiss Community Forestry Project, Kathmandu. Chhetri, R.B. and Timsina, N.P. (2010) A Study on Indebtedness: Magnitude, Causes and Its Effect on Development Interventions. Study commissioned by SDC. Environmental Resources Institute, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal. Department of Forests (DOF) (2009) CFUG National Database. Department of Forests, Kathmandu, Nepal. 81
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TWO DECADES OF COMMUNITY FORESTRY I
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Namdu, Dolakha, 1989 Namdu, Dolakha
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FOREWORD Over 20 years ago, the Swi
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List of Abbreviations AIDS : Acquir
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CONTENTS Foreword .................
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1. INTRODUCTION Two decades of comm
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