Alafia River Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...
Alafia River Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ... Alafia River Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...
Figure 2-26. Photographs showing pumping platform located above Buckhorn Springs Main (upper photo) and Buckhorn Creek downstream of the spring vent (lower photo). 2-59
2.3.4.3.2 Discharge from Lithia Springs Major and Buckhorn Springs Main Discharge from Lithia and Buckhorn Springs is measured manually; daily values like those for the USGS gage sites on the Alafia River are, therefore, not available. Fortunately, Tampa Bay Water measures discharge at both locations on a regular basis (weekly and sometimes more often). For this report, daily flow records were constructed by interpolating between available flow values and adjusting measured flows by including reported withdrawal volumes. Withdrawals at both spring sites are reported as monthly totals; within each month, monthly totals are distributed evenly between days of the month. In comparison to USGS maintained gage sites on the Alafia River and its major tributaries, the flow records for Lithia Springs Major and Buckhorn Springs Main are relatively short. The Buckhorn Springs record begins in 1987 with a four-year gap extending from January 1997 to August 2000. The Lithia Springs Major record begins in March 1983 and extends to present. The Lithia Springs Major record can be extended somewhat by using periodic flow measurements made by the USGS. USGS measurements have been made on about a quarterly basis since 1966 with infrequent measurements (much less than one per year) in prior years. Lithia Springs Major Discharge The reconstructed daily flow from Lithia Springs Major (referred to hereafter simply as Lithia Springs) is shown in Figure 2-27. Discharge from Lithia and Buckhorn Springs is not well correlated with Floridan aquifer well levels. Various workers have therefore concluded that the springs are connected to a local conduit that is not directly influenced by the regional potentiometric surface (Jones and Upchurch 1993, Basso 1998, SDI 2002). A poor relationship between stage and discharge has also been reported for Lithia Springs (see Figure 2-28). Close inspection of the data, however, indicates that there is a good relationship (R 2 =0.???) between stage and discharge (as should be expected) when flows in the Alafia River are low (Figure 2-28). The correct interpretation of the stage to discharge relationship observed for Lithia Springs is that once the stage of the Alafia River increases beyond a certain point, the river essentially controls stage in the Lithia Springs run and in the pool. The data suggest that there is a fairly well defined relationship between stage and discharge at Lithia Springs until the Alafia River discharge as measured at the Lithia gage exceeds approximately 70 cfs. The stage at Lithia Springs is under control of the river for much of the year. The daily flows for Lithia Springs are shown in Figure 2-27. Despite the extreme low flows encountered during the period of record drought in 2000, a Kendall’s tau test on daily flows since 1983 indicates a statistically significant increasing trend in flows for Lithia Springs (p = 0.0000; slope = 0.00245, Figure 2-29). 2-60
- Page 35 and 36: The Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) sy
- Page 37 and 38: Figure 2-4. May and September 2001
- Page 39 and 40: head differences indicating breache
- Page 41 and 42: data (multiple regression) analyses
- Page 43 and 44: 2.2 Land Use Changes in the Alafia
- Page 45 and 46: Before discussing individual sub-ba
- Page 47 and 48: Table 2-2. Land use and land cover
- Page 49 and 50: Table 2-3. Land use and land cover
- Page 51 and 52: Figure 2-13. 1972 and 1999 Land use
- Page 53 and 54: 2.2.4 Lithia Springs Sub-Basin The
- Page 55 and 56: 2.3 Hydrology The assessment of min
- Page 57 and 58: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
- Page 59 and 60: occurred during the spring were sim
- Page 61 and 62: Conversely, since most of the Unite
- Page 63 and 64: extending from 1940 to 1969 can be
- Page 65 and 66: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
- Page 67 and 68: third highest flow occurred early i
- Page 69 and 70: Flow (cfs) Alafia River at Lithia,
- Page 71 and 72: 100 North Prong Alafia River at Key
- Page 73 and 74: Flow (cfs) South Prong Alafia River
- Page 75 and 76: Alafia River at Lithia - Water Qual
- Page 77 and 78: South Prong Watershed Above USGS Ga
- Page 79 and 80: Comparisons of land use changes and
- Page 81 and 82: Comparison of Median Daily Flows fo
- Page 83 and 84: Comparisons of Annual 25% Exceedanc
- Page 85: Figure 2-25. Lithia Springs Major b
- Page 89 and 90: Relationship Between Lithia Springs
- Page 91 and 92: Buckhorn Spring Main Discharge (Wit
- Page 93 and 94: versus flow. The third plot typical
- Page 95 and 96: Alafia River at Lithia, FL Phosphor
- Page 97 and 98: While elevated phosphorus concentra
- Page 99 and 100: Peace River at Arcadia, FL 20 Phosp
- Page 101 and 102: Alafia River at Lithia, FL Nitrate/
- Page 103 and 104: 2.4.2 Potassium and Trend Analysis
- Page 105 and 106: Alafia River at Lithia, FL 14 Potas
- Page 107 and 108: Table 2-10. Results of Kendall's ta
- Page 109 and 110: Chapter 3 Ecological Resources of C
- Page 111 and 112: 1) maintenance of minimum water dep
- Page 113 and 114: flow regimes and these life history
- Page 115 and 116: subsidy of water and nutrients that
- Page 117 and 118: Chapter 4 Technical Approach for Es
- Page 119 and 120: 4.2.1 HEC-RAS Cross-Sections Cross
- Page 121 and 122: PHABSIM analysis required acquisiti
- Page 123 and 124: Figure 4-5. Upstream vegetation cro
- Page 125 and 126: level, whenever possible. Immature
- Page 127 and 128: major parameter altered during the
- Page 129 and 130: Alafia River - Cross Section 64 - W
- Page 131 and 132: Delphi method lacks the rapid feedb
- Page 133 and 134: TOTAL DAYS OF INUNDATION DURING THE
- Page 135 and 136: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
Figure 2-26. Photographs showing pumping platform located above Buckhorn Springs<br />
Main (upper photo) <strong>and</strong> Buckhorn Creek downstream of the spring vent (lower photo).<br />
2-59
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