Alafia River Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...

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2.3.1 Florida River Flow Patterns and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation .................................................................................................2-28 2.3.1.1 Multidecadal periods of high and low flows ................................2-31 2.3.1.2 Flow Trends – testing for a monotonic trend and a step trend ...2-32 2.3.2 Benchmark period............................................................................2-33 2.3.3 Seasonal Flow Patterns and the Building Block Approach ..............2-36 2.3.4 Alafia River Flow Trends..................................................................2-39 2.3.4.1 Gage Sites and Periods of Record.............................................2-39 2.3.4.2 Alafia River Flows.......................................................................2-40 2.3.4.3 Lithia Springs and Buckhorn Springs .........................................2-57 2.3.4.3.1 Site Description (taken largely from Champion and Starks 2001, and Jones and Upchurch 1993)................................................2-57 2.3.4.3.2 Discharge from Lithia Springs Major and Buckhorn Springs Main....................................................................................................2-60 Lithia Springs Major Discharge .......................................................2-60 Buckhorn Springs Main Discharge..................................................2-63 2.4 WATER CHEMISTRY ...................................................................................2-65 2.4.1 Macronutrients: Phosphorus and Nitrogen.......................................2-66 2.4.1.1 Phosphorus ................................................................................2-66 2.4.1.2 Nitrogen......................................................................................2-73 2.4.2 Potassium and Trend Analysis of Selected Chemical Constituents..............................................................................................2-76 2.4.3 Summary .........................................................................................2-77 Chapter 3 Ecological Resources of Concern and Key Habitat Indicators ............ 3-1 3.1 GOAL – PREVENTING SIGNIFICANT HARM ......................................................3-1 3.2 RESOURCES AND AREA OF CONCERN............................................................3-2 3.3 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT GOALS AND KEY HABITAT INDICATORS ...................3-2 3.3.1 Fish Passage and Recreational Use..................................................3-3 3.3.2 Wetted Perimeter Inflection Point ......................................................3-4 3.3.3 In-Channel Habitats for Fish and Macroinvertebrates........................3-4 3.3.4 Woody Habitats .................................................................................3-5 3.3.5 Hydrologic Connections Between the River Channel and Floodplain ...................................................................................................3-6 Chapter 4 Technical Approach for Establishing Minimum Flows and Levels for the Alafia River, Lithia Springs Major and Buckhorn Springs Main ................ 4-1 4.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................4-1 4.2 TRANSECT LOCATIONS AND FIELD SAMPLING OF INSTREAM AND FLOODPLAIN HABITATS..........................................................................................................4-1 4.2.1 HEC-RAS Cross-Sections .................................................................4-3 4.2.2 PHABSIM Cross Sections..................................................................4-4 4.2.3 Instream Habitat Cross Sections .......................................................4-5 4.2.4 Floodplain Vegetation Cross Sections ...............................................4-5 4.2.5 Aquatic Invertebrate Community Assessment ...................................4-8 4.2.6 Fish Community Assessment and Fish Diet Analyses.......................4-9 4.3 MODELING APPROACHES..............................................................................4-9 iv
4.3.1 HEC-RAS Modeling .........................................................................4-10 4.3.2 Physical Habitat Simulation (PHABSIM) Modeling ..........................4-12 4.3.2.1 Development of Habitat Suitability Curves .................................4-14 4.3.3 Recent and Long-term Positional Hydrographs ...............................4-16 4.4 SEASONAL FLOW AND DEVELOPMENT OF BLOCKS 1, 2, AND 3 FOR THE ALAFIA RIVER AND OTHER DISTRICT RIVERS.................................................................4-18 4.5 LOW FLOW THRESHOLD FOR THE ALAFIA .....................................................4-20 4.5.1 Wetted Perimeter Standard .............................................................4-20 4.5.2 Fish Passage Standard....................................................................4-22 4.6 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR BLOCK 1 .............................................4-23 4.6.1 PHABSIM – Application for Block 1 .................................................4-24 4.7 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR BLOCK 2 .............................................4-24 4.7.1 PHABSIM – Application for Block 2 .................................................4-24 4.7.2 Snag and Exposed Root Habitat Analyses for Block 2 ....................4-24 4.8 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR BLOCK 3 .............................................4-25 4.8.1 Floodplain Connection Analyses for Block 3....................................4-25 4.9 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTIONS FOR LITHIA SPRINGS MAJOR AND BUCKHORN SPRINGS MAIN ................................................................................................4-26 4.9.1.1 PHABSIM – Application for Lithia Springs Major and Buckhorn Springs Main (Buckhorn Creek) .............................................................4-26 4.9.1.2 Recreational Use Assessment - Application for Lithia Springs Major ...............................................................................................................4-27 Chapter 5 Results and Recommended Minimum Flows......................................... 5-1 5.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................5-1 5.2 LOW FLOW THRESHOLD FOR THE ALAFIA RIVER .............................................5-1 5.2.1 Fish Passage Standard......................................................................5-1 5.2.2 Wetted Perimeter Standard ...............................................................5-2 5.2.3 Low Flow Threshold...........................................................................5-3 5.3 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR BLOCK 1 ...............................................5-4 5.3.1 Short-Term Compliance Standards for Block 1..................................5-4 5.4 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR BLOCK 3 ...............................................5-5 5.4.1 Inundation of Floodplain Features .....................................................5-5 5.4.2 Short-Term Compliance Standards for the Alafia River - Block 3 ....5-12 5.5 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR THE ALAFIA RIVER - BLOCK 2................5-12 5.5.1 Application of PHABSIM for Block 2 ................................................5-13 5.5.2 Instream Habitats.............................................................................5-13 5.5.3 Flow Relationships with Woody Instream Habitats ..........................5-15 5.5.4 Selection of the Prescribed Flow Reductions for Block 2.................5-16 5.5.5 Short-Term Compliance Standards for Block 2................................5-16 5.6 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR LITHIA SPRINGS MAJOR........................5-17 5.6.1 Prescribed Flow Reduction for Lithia Springs Major - PHABSIM Results......................................................................................................5-17 5.6.2 Prescribed Flow Reduction for Lithia Springs Major – Recreational Use Assessment Results.....................................................5-20 5.6.3 Short-Term Compliance Standard for Lithia Springs Major..............5-21 v
Page 1 and 2: Alafia River Minimum Flows and Leve
Page 3: Table of Contents Table of Contents
Page 7 and 8: Table of Figures Figure 1-1. Buildi
Page 9 and 10: Figure 2-33. Phosphorus concentrati
Page 11 and 12: Figure 5-12. Habitat Gain/Loss for
Page 13 and 14: Table 5-2. Mean elevation, local (c
Page 15 and 16: flow, with the exception that withd
Page 17 and 18: Acknowledgement The authors would l
Page 19 and 20: 9) Water quality; and 10) Navigatio
Page 21 and 22: Water Management District typically
Page 23 and 24: Peace River at Zolfo Springs, FL. s
Page 25 and 26: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
Page 27 and 28: to enhance understanding of histori
Page 29 and 30: River watershed, to the east by the
Page 31 and 32: an adjacent area locally known as t
Page 33 and 34: Water in the surficial aquifer is r
Page 35 and 36: The Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) sy
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2-4. May and September 2001
Page 39 and 40: head differences indicating breache
Page 41 and 42: data (multiple regression) analyses
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 Land Use Changes in the Alafia
Page 45 and 46: Before discussing individual sub-ba
Page 47 and 48: Table 2-2. Land use and land cover
Page 49 and 50: Table 2-3. Land use and land cover
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2-13. 1972 and 1999 Land use
Page 53 and 54: 2.2.4 Lithia Springs Sub-Basin The
Page 55 and 56:
2.3 Hydrology The assessment of min
Page 57 and 58:
Period of Record Median Daily Flows
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occurred during the spring were sim
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Conversely, since most of the Unite
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extending from 1940 to 1969 can be
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Page 67 and 68:
third highest flow occurred early i
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Flow (cfs) Alafia River at Lithia,
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100 North Prong Alafia River at Key
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Flow (cfs) South Prong Alafia River
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Alafia River at Lithia - Water Qual
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South Prong Watershed Above USGS Ga
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Comparisons of land use changes and
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Comparison of Median Daily Flows fo
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Comparisons of Annual 25% Exceedanc
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Figure 2-25. Lithia Springs Major b
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2.3.4.3.2 Discharge from Lithia Spr
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Relationship Between Lithia Springs
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Buckhorn Spring Main Discharge (Wit
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versus flow. The third plot typical
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Alafia River at Lithia, FL Phosphor
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While elevated phosphorus concentra
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Peace River at Arcadia, FL 20 Phosp
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Alafia River at Lithia, FL Nitrate/
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2.4.2 Potassium and Trend Analysis
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Alafia River at Lithia, FL 14 Potas
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Table 2-10. Results of Kendall's ta
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Chapter 3 Ecological Resources of C
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1) maintenance of minimum water dep
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flow regimes and these life history
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subsidy of water and nutrients that
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Chapter 4 Technical Approach for Es
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4.2.1 HEC-RAS Cross-Sections Cross
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PHABSIM analysis required acquisiti
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Figure 4-5. Upstream vegetation cro
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level, whenever possible. Immature
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major parameter altered during the
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Alafia River - Cross Section 64 - W
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Delphi method lacks the rapid feedb
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TOTAL DAYS OF INUNDATION DURING THE
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Wetted Perimeter - USGS 84.5 - SWFW
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Alafia River Station 91.5 Stage in
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section sites and corresponding flo
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4.9.1.2 Recreational Use Assessment
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Chapter 5 Results and Recommended M
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greater than 25 cfs would inundate
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For the USGS Lithia gage site, the
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40 35 30 25 20 15 10 T20 T21 T27 T3
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Wetted Perimeter (linear feet) 2000
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dominant vegetation zones, mucky so
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5.5.1 Application of PHABSIM for Bl
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5.5.3 Flow Relationships with Woody
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River begins on October 28 and ends
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Table 5-4. Maximum monthly percent-
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5.6.3 Short-Term Compliance Standar
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Table 5-5. Maximum monthly percent-
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5.8 Short-Term Compliance Standard
Page 171 and 172:
Table 5-7. Proposed Minimum Flows f
Page 173 and 174:
Biological Services Program Report
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Jones, G.W., and Upchurch, S.B., 19
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SDI Environmental Services, Inc. 20
Page 179 and 180:
Upchurch, S.B. and J.R. Littlefield
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A Review of “Alafia River Minimum
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The draft report for setting MFLs f
Page 185 and 186:
methodologies, analyses, and conclu
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The SWFWMD has employed a building
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MFLs for the Alafia and Myakka rive
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RALPH PLOTS AND ANALYSES Recent and
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then used to estimate percent of fl
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necessary. Such a framework should
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to use to meet the criteria of no s
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Shaw, D.T., C.N. Dahm, and S.W. Gol
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The District has added to Chapter 4
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Attachment A June 15 th , 2005 Mrs.
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The Kelly (2004) report includes a
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Figure 1. Box-and-whisker plots of
Page 213 and 214:
As shown in Table 1, a nonparametri
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“augmentation” - be performed a
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Estuary Program 'Restoring the Bala
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APPENDIX D - District's response to
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educed by no more than 8 percent on
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sites with comparable temporal reco
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gradually removed (this appears as
Page 227 and 228:
1) The DISTRICT acknowledges the ma
Page 229 and 230:
Mark Hammond, Director, Resource Ma
Page 231 and 232:
Table 1. Mann-Whitney Statistical A
Page 233:
Comparison of July Rainfall Totals
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