Alafia River Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...

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development and implementation, the building block approach is viewed as a reasonable means for ensuring the maintenance of similar, although dampened, natural hydrographic conditions. Conceptually, the approach used by the District for development of MFLs for the upper Peace River (SWFWMD 2002) was consistent with the building block approach. Available flow records were summarized and used to describe flow regimes for specific historical periods. Resource values associated with low, medium and high flows were identified and evaluated for use in the development of MFLs for each flow range. Low minimum flows, corresponding to maintaining instream flow requirements for fish passage and wetted perimeter, were proposed. Medium and high minimum flows were not, however, proposed for the river segment, due primarily to an inability to separate the effects of natural and anthropogenic factors on flow declines. Nonetheless, methods were used to evaluate potential ecological changes associated with variation in medium to high flows. The methods focused on the inundation of desirable in-stream habitats and on floodplain wetlands. Implicit in this approach was the concept that the three ranges of flow (low, medium and high) were associated with specific natural system values or functions. For development of minimum flows and levels for the Alafia River, the District has explicitly identified three building blocks in its approach. The blocks correspond to seasonal periods of low, medium and high flows. The three distinct flow periods are evident in hydrographs of median daily flows for the Alafia River (Figure 1-1). Lowest flows occur during Block 1, a 65-day period that extends from April 20 to June 24 (Julian day 110 to 175). Highest flows occur during Block 3, the 124-day period that immediately follows the dry season (June 25 to October 27). This is the period when the floodplain is most likely to be inundated on an annual basis; although high flows can occur in early to mid-March. The remaining 176 days constitute an intermediate or medium flow period, which is referred to as Block 2. 1-7
Period of Record Median Daily Flows for Alafia River at Lithia, FL Flow (cfs) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 B B B L L L O O O B C C C L K K K O 2 1 2 C K 3 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Day of Year (Julian Date) Figure 1-1. Building blocks developed for a building block approach to the development of minimum flows. Blocks corresponding to low (Block 1), medium (Block 2) and high (Block 3) flows are shown along with period of record median daily flows for the Alafia River at Lithia gage. 1.6 Flows and Levels Although somewhat semantic, there is a distinction between flows, levels and volumes that should be appreciated. All terms apply to the setting of “minimum flows” for flowing (lotic) waters. The term “flow” may most legitimately equate to water velocity; which is typically measured by a flow meter. A certain velocity of water may be required to physically move particles heavier than water; for example, periodic high flows will transport sand from upstream to downstream; higher flows will move gravel; and still higher flows will move rubble or even boulders. Flows may also serve as a cue for some organisms; for example, certain fish species search out areas of flow for reproduction and may move against flow or into areas of reduced or low flow to spawn. Certain macroinvertebrates drift or release from stream substrates in response to changes in flow. This release and drift among other things allows for colonization of downstream areas. One group of macroinvertebrates, the caddisflies, spin nets in the stream to catch organisms and detritus carried downstream, and their success in gathering/filtering prey is at least partially a function of flow. Other aquatic species have specific morphologies that allow them to inhabit and exploit specialized niches located in flowing water; their bodies may be flattened (dorsally-ventrally compressed) to allow them to live under rocks or in crevices; they may have special holdfast structures such as hooks or even secrete a glue that allows them to attach to submerged objects. 1-8
Page 1 and 2: Alafia River Minimum Flows and Leve
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Table of Contents
Page 5 and 6: 4.3.1 HEC-RAS Modeling ............
Page 7 and 8: Table of Figures Figure 1-1. Buildi
Page 9 and 10: Figure 2-33. Phosphorus concentrati
Page 11 and 12: Figure 5-12. Habitat Gain/Loss for
Page 13 and 14: Table 5-2. Mean elevation, local (c
Page 15 and 16: flow, with the exception that withd
Page 17 and 18: Acknowledgement The authors would l
Page 19 and 20: 9) Water quality; and 10) Navigatio
Page 21 and 22: Water Management District typically
Page 23: Peace River at Zolfo Springs, FL. s
Page 27 and 28: to enhance understanding of histori
Page 29 and 30: River watershed, to the east by the
Page 31 and 32: an adjacent area locally known as t
Page 33 and 34: Water in the surficial aquifer is r
Page 35 and 36: The Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) sy
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2-4. May and September 2001
Page 39 and 40: head differences indicating breache
Page 41 and 42: data (multiple regression) analyses
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 Land Use Changes in the Alafia
Page 45 and 46: Before discussing individual sub-ba
Page 47 and 48: Table 2-2. Land use and land cover
Page 49 and 50: Table 2-3. Land use and land cover
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2-13. 1972 and 1999 Land use
Page 53 and 54: 2.2.4 Lithia Springs Sub-Basin The
Page 55 and 56: 2.3 Hydrology The assessment of min
Page 57 and 58: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
Page 59 and 60: occurred during the spring were sim
Page 61 and 62: Conversely, since most of the Unite
Page 63 and 64: extending from 1940 to 1969 can be
Page 65 and 66: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
Page 67 and 68: third highest flow occurred early i
Page 69 and 70: Flow (cfs) Alafia River at Lithia,
Page 71 and 72: 100 North Prong Alafia River at Key
Page 73 and 74: Flow (cfs) South Prong Alafia River
Page 75 and 76:
Alafia River at Lithia - Water Qual
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South Prong Watershed Above USGS Ga
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Comparisons of land use changes and
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Comparison of Median Daily Flows fo
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Comparisons of Annual 25% Exceedanc
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Figure 2-25. Lithia Springs Major b
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2.3.4.3.2 Discharge from Lithia Spr
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Relationship Between Lithia Springs
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Buckhorn Spring Main Discharge (Wit
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versus flow. The third plot typical
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Alafia River at Lithia, FL Phosphor
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While elevated phosphorus concentra
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Peace River at Arcadia, FL 20 Phosp
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Alafia River at Lithia, FL Nitrate/
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2.4.2 Potassium and Trend Analysis
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Alafia River at Lithia, FL 14 Potas
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Table 2-10. Results of Kendall's ta
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Chapter 3 Ecological Resources of C
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1) maintenance of minimum water dep
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flow regimes and these life history
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subsidy of water and nutrients that
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Chapter 4 Technical Approach for Es
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4.2.1 HEC-RAS Cross-Sections Cross
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PHABSIM analysis required acquisiti
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Figure 4-5. Upstream vegetation cro
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level, whenever possible. Immature
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major parameter altered during the
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Alafia River - Cross Section 64 - W
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Delphi method lacks the rapid feedb
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TOTAL DAYS OF INUNDATION DURING THE
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Period of Record Median Daily Flows
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Wetted Perimeter - USGS 84.5 - SWFW
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Alafia River Station 91.5 Stage in
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section sites and corresponding flo
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4.9.1.2 Recreational Use Assessment
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Chapter 5 Results and Recommended M
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greater than 25 cfs would inundate
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For the USGS Lithia gage site, the
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40 35 30 25 20 15 10 T20 T21 T27 T3
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Wetted Perimeter (linear feet) 2000
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dominant vegetation zones, mucky so
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5.5.1 Application of PHABSIM for Bl
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5.5.3 Flow Relationships with Woody
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River begins on October 28 and ends
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Table 5-4. Maximum monthly percent-
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5.6.3 Short-Term Compliance Standar
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Table 5-5. Maximum monthly percent-
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5.8 Short-Term Compliance Standard
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Table 5-7. Proposed Minimum Flows f
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Biological Services Program Report
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Jones, G.W., and Upchurch, S.B., 19
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SDI Environmental Services, Inc. 20
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Upchurch, S.B. and J.R. Littlefield
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A Review of “Alafia River Minimum
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The draft report for setting MFLs f
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methodologies, analyses, and conclu
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The SWFWMD has employed a building
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MFLs for the Alafia and Myakka rive
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RALPH PLOTS AND ANALYSES Recent and
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then used to estimate percent of fl
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necessary. Such a framework should
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to use to meet the criteria of no s
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Shaw, D.T., C.N. Dahm, and S.W. Gol
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The District has added to Chapter 4
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Attachment A June 15 th , 2005 Mrs.
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The Kelly (2004) report includes a
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Figure 1. Box-and-whisker plots of
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As shown in Table 1, a nonparametri
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“augmentation” - be performed a
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Estuary Program 'Restoring the Bala
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APPENDIX D - District's response to
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educed by no more than 8 percent on
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sites with comparable temporal reco
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gradually removed (this appears as
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1) The DISTRICT acknowledges the ma
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Mark Hammond, Director, Resource Ma
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Table 1. Mann-Whitney Statistical A
Page 233:
Comparison of July Rainfall Totals
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