Alafia River Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...

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Withlacoochee River near Holder, FL 2 Nitrate/Nitrite (mg/l) 1.5 1 0.5 0 Jan-50 Jan-60 Jan-70 Jan-80 Jan-90 Feb-00 Withlacoochee River near Holder, FL Nitrate/Nitrite (mg/l) 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 Flow (cfs) Nitrate/Nitrite Residuals over Time for Withlacoochee River near Holder, FL Parameter Residuals 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 Jan-50 Jan-60 Jan-70 Jan-80 Jan-90 Feb-00 Figure 2-37. Nitrate or nitrate/nitrite nitrogen concentrations in water samples collected by the USGS at the Withlacoochee River at Holder, FL gage. Upper plot is time series plot; middle plot is concentration versus flow, and the bottom plot is time series plot of residuals of phosphorus concentration regressed against flow. 2-75
2.4.2 Potassium and Trend Analysis of Selected Chemical Constituents One of the more interesting and unanticipated finding of the analysis of gage site water quality data on the Peace River (SWFWMD 2002) was an apparent increasing trend in dissolved potassium. Statistical analysis revealed that the trend was significant and unrelated to increases or decreases in flow, indicating an increasing rate of loading from the watershed. It was speculated that the trend was most likely attributable to increasing fertilizer application within the watershed and thus may have some value as an indicator of increasing agricultural activity within the watershed. An increasing trend in dissolved potassium is also clearly evident for the Alafia River (Figure 2-38). To determine if the trend is statistically significant and unrelated to flow, potassium concentration was regressed against flow and the residuals were tested against time using the Kendall’s tau test. This nonparametric test revealed a positive and highly significant trend of increasing concentration and hence load (p value = 0.0000, slope = 0.00012). Other parameters, including conductance, pH, nitrate, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sulfate, fluoride were also regressed against flow and their residuals determined. Specific conductance, phosphorus, fluoride, and other parameters believed associated with groundwater all showed statistically significant declining trends (Table 2-9). These trends are consistent with the reduction or elimination of discharges associated with mining when groundwater use by the industry was especially high. As the discharge of pumped ground water is reduced, one can expect reductions in those parameters typically associated with an increased ground water contribution. In addition, since the withdrawn ground water is used in the processing of the mined ore, its phosphorus concentration would be expected to increase. When the release of this process water is reduced or eliminated, P concentrations should be expected to decline, as should concentrations of those parameters associated with phosphate such as fluoride. As can be seen from Table 2-9, the pH of the river has increased. It is believed that this is attributable to the reduction or elimination of discharged phosphate mining related process water with its lowered pH. Results of Kendall’s tau analysis on selected parameters from the Withlacoochee and Myakka Rivers are included for comparison (Tables 2-10, 2-11). Very few parameters (silica on the Withlacoochee, at Holder and pH and fluoride in the Myakka near Sarasota) showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) declines in loading; but numerous parameters (conductance, calcium, chloride, hardness, magnesium, potassium, sodium and sulfate) in the Myakka River have shown significant increased loading. This increased loading is most likely related to a significant increase in agricultural irrigation with groundwater. The Myakka River (Table 2-11 and related Appendix figures) offers an interesting contrast to the Alafia River where decreased loading of a number of parameters is likely due to the elimination or curtailment of mining related groundwater discharges. 2-76
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Alafia River Minimum Flows and Leve
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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4.3.1 HEC-RAS Modeling ............
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Table of Figures Figure 1-1. Buildi
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Figure 2-33. Phosphorus concentrati
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Figure 5-12. Habitat Gain/Loss for
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Table 5-2. Mean elevation, local (c
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flow, with the exception that withd
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Acknowledgement The authors would l
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9) Water quality; and 10) Navigatio
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Water Management District typically
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Peace River at Zolfo Springs, FL. s
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Period of Record Median Daily Flows
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to enhance understanding of histori
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River watershed, to the east by the
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an adjacent area locally known as t
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Water in the surficial aquifer is r
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The Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) sy
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Figure 2-4. May and September 2001
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head differences indicating breache
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data (multiple regression) analyses
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2.2 Land Use Changes in the Alafia
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Before discussing individual sub-ba
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Table 2-2. Land use and land cover
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Table 2-3. Land use and land cover
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2-13. 1972 and 1999 Land use
Page 53 and 54: 2.2.4 Lithia Springs Sub-Basin The
Page 55 and 56: 2.3 Hydrology The assessment of min
Page 57 and 58: Period of Record Median Daily Flows
Page 59 and 60: occurred during the spring were sim
Page 61 and 62: Conversely, since most of the Unite
Page 63 and 64: extending from 1940 to 1969 can be
Page 67 and 68: third highest flow occurred early i
Page 69 and 70: Flow (cfs) Alafia River at Lithia,
Page 71 and 72: 100 North Prong Alafia River at Key
Page 73 and 74: Flow (cfs) South Prong Alafia River
Page 75 and 76: Alafia River at Lithia - Water Qual
Page 77 and 78: South Prong Watershed Above USGS Ga
Page 79 and 80: Comparisons of land use changes and
Page 81 and 82: Comparison of Median Daily Flows fo
Page 83 and 84: Comparisons of Annual 25% Exceedanc
Page 85 and 86: Figure 2-25. Lithia Springs Major b
Page 87 and 88: 2.3.4.3.2 Discharge from Lithia Spr
Page 89 and 90: Relationship Between Lithia Springs
Page 91 and 92: Buckhorn Spring Main Discharge (Wit
Page 93 and 94: versus flow. The third plot typical
Page 95 and 96: Alafia River at Lithia, FL Phosphor
Page 97 and 98: While elevated phosphorus concentra
Page 99 and 100: Peace River at Arcadia, FL 20 Phosp
Page 101: Alafia River at Lithia, FL Nitrate/
Page 105 and 106: Alafia River at Lithia, FL 14 Potas
Page 107 and 108: Table 2-10. Results of Kendall's ta
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 3 Ecological Resources of C
Page 111 and 112: 1) maintenance of minimum water dep
Page 113 and 114: flow regimes and these life history
Page 115 and 116: subsidy of water and nutrients that
Page 117 and 118: Chapter 4 Technical Approach for Es
Page 119 and 120: 4.2.1 HEC-RAS Cross-Sections Cross
Page 121 and 122: PHABSIM analysis required acquisiti
Page 123 and 124: Figure 4-5. Upstream vegetation cro
Page 125 and 126: level, whenever possible. Immature
Page 127 and 128: major parameter altered during the
Page 129 and 130: Alafia River - Cross Section 64 - W
Page 131 and 132: Delphi method lacks the rapid feedb
Page 133 and 134: TOTAL DAYS OF INUNDATION DURING THE
Page 137 and 138: Wetted Perimeter - USGS 84.5 - SWFW
Page 139 and 140: Alafia River Station 91.5 Stage in
Page 141 and 142: section sites and corresponding flo
Page 143 and 144: 4.9.1.2 Recreational Use Assessment
Page 145 and 146: Chapter 5 Results and Recommended M
Page 147 and 148: greater than 25 cfs would inundate
Page 149 and 150: For the USGS Lithia gage site, the
Page 151 and 152: 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 T20 T21 T27 T3
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Wetted Perimeter (linear feet) 2000
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dominant vegetation zones, mucky so
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5.5.1 Application of PHABSIM for Bl
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5.5.3 Flow Relationships with Woody
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River begins on October 28 and ends
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Table 5-4. Maximum monthly percent-
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5.6.3 Short-Term Compliance Standar
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Table 5-5. Maximum monthly percent-
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5.8 Short-Term Compliance Standard
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Table 5-7. Proposed Minimum Flows f
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Biological Services Program Report
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Jones, G.W., and Upchurch, S.B., 19
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SDI Environmental Services, Inc. 20
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Upchurch, S.B. and J.R. Littlefield
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A Review of “Alafia River Minimum
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The draft report for setting MFLs f
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methodologies, analyses, and conclu
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The SWFWMD has employed a building
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MFLs for the Alafia and Myakka rive
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RALPH PLOTS AND ANALYSES Recent and
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then used to estimate percent of fl
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necessary. Such a framework should
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to use to meet the criteria of no s
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Shaw, D.T., C.N. Dahm, and S.W. Gol
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The District has added to Chapter 4
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Attachment A June 15 th , 2005 Mrs.
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The Kelly (2004) report includes a
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Figure 1. Box-and-whisker plots of
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As shown in Table 1, a nonparametri
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“augmentation” - be performed a
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Estuary Program 'Restoring the Bala
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APPENDIX D - District's response to
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educed by no more than 8 percent on
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sites with comparable temporal reco
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gradually removed (this appears as
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1) The DISTRICT acknowledges the ma
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Mark Hammond, Director, Resource Ma
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Table 1. Mann-Whitney Statistical A
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Comparison of July Rainfall Totals
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