The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

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DRAFT duration of low flows and the degree that the water column in the spring run becomes stratified due to differences in surface and bottom salinity. The quantities of flow needed to maintain well-mixed, low salinity water in the spring run are discussed in Chapter 5. In all likelihood, achieving this goal would prevent hypoxia from occurring in the spring run. 3.6 Other water quality characteristics of the spring run Water column averages for pH in the profiles measured by the District ranged between 6.9 and 7.6, reflecting the well buffered, groundwater origin of the spring flow. There was however, a negative correlation (r = -0.57, p
DRAFT As discussed in Section 2.5.3, the temperature of discharge from Sulphur Spring pool shows only minor seasonal variations. Data from the vertical profiles showed some seasonal variation, with average temperature values for all stations in the run ranging from 24.4 o C on March 4, to 28.5 o C on June 12, 2002. These results also were likely affected by periodic incursion of river water into the run at low flows. Greater elaboration concerning temperature is provided at the end of this chapter with regard to use of the spring run and river by the Florida Manatees. Other than vertical profile measurements, no other water quality data were collected in the spring run. However, it is probably reasonable to conclude that under conditions of normal flow (no withdrawals), the concentrations of most parameters in the spring run (e.g. nutrients, BOD and suspended solids) are similar to the spring pool. The volume of the spring run is relatively small, and under conditions of even intermediate rates of flow, the water in the run is replaced by spring water many times a day. Under conditions of no flow or very low rates of flow, it is likely that the concentrations of water chemistry constituents are affected by incursions of water from the Lower Hillsborough River, although no data were collected to support this hypothesis. 3.7 Biological habitats and communities in the spring run 3.7.1 Benthic habitats As discussed in Section 2.1, the spring run is fairly shallow, with most water depths less than two feet deep at mean tide. There are virtually no snags or aquatic macrophytes in the run. Bottom habitats reported by the University of Florida during 2000 consisted of bare sediments and sediments covered by filamentous algae (Allen et al. 2001). Sediments were classified to a macro-level scale using the Wentworth classification scheme (McMahon et al. 1996). The sediments were predominantly sand, with much lesser fractions of slit, shell, pebble and rock. The algae that were common on the sediments were comprised of the genera Melosira, a diatom that can form filamentous aggregations, and filamentous green algae of the genus Cladorphoa. Attached and floating mats of filamentous algae were widely distributed in the spring run during the no flow periods of 2000 and 2001. The return of high flows in 2002 and 2003 reduced the abundance of these algal mats, as evidenced by percent coverage values of less than 6 percent at stations as measured by UF biologists in 2003 (SWFWMD, unpublished data). 3.7.2 Shoreline vegetation The shoreline of Sulphur Springs is hardened by a retaining wall, but shoreline plants have become established waterward of the wall over approximately three-fourths of the 3 - 11
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The Determination of Minimum Flows
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DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tab
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4.5 Goal 1 - Minimize the incursion
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DRAFT LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 2 - P
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Fig. 3-13 Fig. 3-14 Fig. 3-15 Fig.
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Fig. 5-7 Fig. 5-8 Fig. 5-9 Fig. 5-1
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Acronyms and Definitions DRAFT AMO
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DRAFT Executive Summary The Southwe
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DRAFT below 19 feet NGVD of 1929. T
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CHAPTER 1 PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND OF
Page 26 and 27: DRAFT water, or aquifer, provided t
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Page 31 and 32: DRAFT The spring and its run lie in
Page 33 and 34: DRAFT Figure 2-3. Recent photograph
Page 35 and 36: 2 - 6 DRAFT
Page 37 and 38: DRAFT -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 0.4 4
Page 39 and 40: DRAFT 10.0 Yrly_Pumpage.grf 15 Annu
Page 41 and 42: DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 35 D
Page 43 and 44: DRAFT Figure 2-14. Return flow stru
Page 45 and 46: DRAFT 40 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Ju
Page 47 and 48: DRAFT due to withdrawals for public
Page 49 and 50: DRAFT Figure 2-19 . Temporal trend
Page 51 and 52: DRAFT Figure 2-20. Temporal trends
Page 53: DRAFT In comparison to specific con
Page 57 and 58: DRAFT average daily withdrawals for
Page 59 and 60: DRAFT Figure 2-25. Average specific
Page 61 and 62: DRAFT withdrawal rate of 31 cfs dur
Page 63 and 64: DRAFT Table 2-2. Sulphur Springs su
Page 65 and 66: DRAFT These plots indicate that his
Page 67 and 68: DRAFT CHAPTER 3 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE
Page 69 and 70: DRAFT 3 Run_Riv_Stg.grf Water Surfa
Page 71 and 72: DRAFT 3.4 Salinity in the spring ru
Page 73 and 74: DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Page 75: DRAFT pumping events resulted in sa
Page 79 and 80: DRAFT tolerate and are frequently f
Page 81 and 82: DRAFT Appendix B are color coded to
Page 83 and 84: DRAFT habitat in the lower river pr
Page 85 and 86: DRAFT The FWC using a modified stra
Page 87 and 88: DRAFT increased with a return to no
Page 89 and 90: DRAFT 2000. The results from three
Page 91 and 92: DRAFT species (10 to 13) were colle
Page 93 and 94: DRAFT 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
Page 95 and 96: DRAFT . 1000.00 100.00 10.00 1.00 0
Page 97 and 98: DRAFT 3.9.2 The effects of flows fr
Page 99 and 100: DRAFT Data from the Tampa Bay Water
Page 101 and 102: DRAFT EPCHC Period of Record Data L
Page 103 and 104: DRAFT 35 30 1996 1997 1998 1999 200
Page 105 and 106: 7 DRAFT Elevation (m) 1 0 -1 -2 -3
Page 107 and 108: 8 24 25 29 DRAFT Figure 3-20, 3-21
Page 109 and 110: DRAFT Figure 3-22 HBMP & EPCHC 2000
Page 111 and 112: DRAFT of the river between the dam
Page 113 and 114: DRAFT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 11
Page 115 and 116: DRAFT The HBMP project (PBSJ 2003)
Page 117 and 118: DRAFT xanthurus) red drum (Sciaenop
Page 119 and 120: DRAFT as manatees seek fresh water
Page 121 and 122: 1999 2000 2001 2002 DRAFT 35 TmpSS_
Page 123 and 124: DRAFT Platt Street 1974-2002 Columb
Page 125 and 126: DRAFT Median and minimum water temp
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DRAFT Figure 3-31 1999 2000 2001 20
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DRAFT Figure 3-33 2001 2002 2003 20
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DRAFT CHAPTER 4 TECHNICAL APPROACH
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DRAFT The sum of these consideratio
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DRAFT It is the conclusion of this
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DRAFT criteria. The
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DRAFT reach of the river 50 meters
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DRAFT of the dam. The experiments w
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DRAFT Salinity incursions above the
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DRAFT Figure 5-3. A - D. Box and wh
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DRAFT The results of the vertical p
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DRAFT Sulphur Springs < 33 cfs, Hil
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DRAFT Other breakpoints in the data
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DRAFT 40 Percent of Observations -
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DRAFT It is possible that infrequen
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DRAFT The effects of tide stage on
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DRAFT medians rise to near -0.2 fee
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DRAFT Sulphur Springs < 33 cfs, Hil
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DRAFT Sulphur Springs on salinity d
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7 29 DRAFT Elevation (m) 0/0cfs 1 0
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23 24 24 25 25 29 DRAFT Figures 14,
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DRAFT Viewed strictly from the infl
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DRAFT water removed would fluctuate
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DRAFT euryhaline, there were also m
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DRAFT 01/90 01/93 01/96 01/99 01/02
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DRAFT the intent of that condition
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DRAFT included inflows to the model
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DRAFT Flows for Sulphur Springs wer
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DRAFT ∆T represents the differenc
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DRAFT Figure 25 Temp (C) 22 Histori
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DRAFT Figure 26 Temp (C) 24 22 Hist
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DRAFT Similar to the coldest period
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DRAFT 5.7. Consideration of future
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DRAFT Culter, J. 1986. Benthic Inve
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DRAFT Shafland, P. L. and K. J. Foo
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APPENDIX A (from Chapter 2) Time se
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Sulphur Springs Water Quality 1991-
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Appendix B. Presence of macroinvert
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Appendix C. Percent composition of
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Appendix C. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX D (from Chapter 3) Percent
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APPENDIX D. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX D. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX E (from Chapter 3) Abundan
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BARE SAND FILAMENTOUS ALGAE COMBINE
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APPENDIX F - HILLSBOROUGH RIVER TEM
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Appendix G Daily values for mean, m
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APPENDIX H (from Chapter 5) Time se
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Experiment Number 6
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Appendix I Daily values for minimum
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28FEB2000 9.8 0.0 1.9 9.7 7.8 . 18.
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12FEB2001 14.0 3.5 1.7 4.6 2.9 1.1
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