The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa
The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa
DRAFT Diversions from Sulphur Springs are used as supplemental water supplies during prolonged dry periods when water levels in the City's reservoir become low. The City has been issued a Water Use Permit from the Southwest Florida Water Management District to withdraw water from Sulphur Springs. That permit specifies that maximum daily withdrawals cannot exceed a rate of 20 mgd, equal to the capacity of the pump. The average daily withdrawal rate calculated for any twelve-month period cannot exceed a rate of 5 mgd (7.7 cfs), and the average withdrawal rate for any single month cannot exceed a rate of 10 mgd (15.5 cfs) and be in compliance with the permit conditions. As described in more detail in Section 2.5.3, waters discharging from Sulphur Springs are fairly mineralized, exceeding Class I potable water standards for several constituents. Blending the spring water with the large volume of river water in the reservoir allows Sulphur Springs to be periodically used to supplement the City's water supplies. However, if diversions from the spring are prolonged, concentrations of some water quality constituents (e.g. chloride) rise to problematic levels. For this reason, the City tries to minimize its withdrawals from Sulphur Springs and use the spring only during times of impending water shortage. Records of withdrawals from Sulphur Springs begin in 1984. Total monthly withdrawals were recorded from May 1984 to April 1990, while total daily withdrawals have been recorded from May 1990 to present. Using these combined records, Figure 2-9 shows average yearly withdrawal rates from the spring for 1984–2002. Yearly withdrawals rates were highest during the drought years of 1985, 2000, and 2001, averaging 8.3, 9.1 and 5.5 mgd (12.8, 14.0, and 8.5 cfs), respectively, during these years. There were six years between 1984 and 2002 when there were no withdrawals from the spring. Withdrawals from the spring are not distributed evenly through the year, but are concentrated during what are typically the drier months. Figure 2-10 shows average withdrawals for 1984 – 2002 plotted on a monthly basis. It is again apparent that the most prolonged withdrawals from the spring occurred during the 1985 and 2000-2001 droughts. Conversely, pumping occurred during only five months in a 7½-year period from mid-1991 through 1998. For nearly five years within this period (1994 –1998), pumping was limited to eight days during April of 1997. These graphics demonstrate that Sulphur Springs is an important water supply source for the City of Tampa during dry years. However, during normal or wet periods, the spring is generally not used for water supply. 2 - 9
DRAFT 10.0 Yrly_Pumpage.grf 15 Annual Average Pumpage (mgd) 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 10 5 Annual Average Pumpage (ft3 / sec) 0.0 0 1985 1990 1995 2000 Year Figure 2-9. Average annual pumpage rates from Sulphur Spring by the City of Tampa for 1984-2002. 20 MthlyPump_CFM.grf 30 Average Monthly Pumpage (MGD) 16 12 8 4 25 20 15 10 5 Average Monthly Pumpage (cfs) 0 0 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 Year Figure 2-10. Average monthly pumpage rates from Sulphur Springs for 1984-2002. 2 - 10
- Page 1 and 2: The Determination of Minimum Flows
- Page 4 and 5: DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tab
- Page 6: 4.5 Goal 1 - Minimize the incursion
- Page 10 and 11: DRAFT LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 2 - P
- Page 12 and 13: Fig. 3-13 Fig. 3-14 Fig. 3-15 Fig.
- Page 14 and 15: Fig. 5-7 Fig. 5-8 Fig. 5-9 Fig. 5-1
- Page 16 and 17: Acronyms and Definitions DRAFT AMO
- Page 18 and 19: DRAFT Executive Summary The Southwe
- Page 20: DRAFT below 19 feet NGVD of 1929. T
- Page 24 and 25: CHAPTER 1 PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND OF
- Page 26 and 27: DRAFT water, or aquifer, provided t
- Page 28: DRAFT one the indicators were the f
- Page 31 and 32: DRAFT The spring and its run lie in
- Page 33 and 34: DRAFT Figure 2-3. Recent photograph
- Page 35 and 36: 2 - 6 DRAFT
- Page 37: DRAFT -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 0.4 4
- Page 41 and 42: DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 35 D
- Page 43 and 44: DRAFT Figure 2-14. Return flow stru
- Page 45 and 46: DRAFT 40 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Ju
- Page 47 and 48: DRAFT due to withdrawals for public
- Page 49 and 50: DRAFT Figure 2-19 . Temporal trend
- Page 51 and 52: DRAFT Figure 2-20. Temporal trends
- Page 53: DRAFT In comparison to specific con
- Page 57 and 58: DRAFT average daily withdrawals for
- Page 59 and 60: DRAFT Figure 2-25. Average specific
- Page 61 and 62: DRAFT withdrawal rate of 31 cfs dur
- Page 63 and 64: DRAFT Table 2-2. Sulphur Springs su
- Page 65 and 66: DRAFT These plots indicate that his
- Page 67 and 68: DRAFT CHAPTER 3 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE
- Page 69 and 70: DRAFT 3 Run_Riv_Stg.grf Water Surfa
- Page 71 and 72: DRAFT 3.4 Salinity in the spring ru
- Page 73 and 74: DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
- Page 75 and 76: DRAFT pumping events resulted in sa
- Page 77 and 78: DRAFT As discussed in Section 2.5.3
- Page 79 and 80: DRAFT tolerate and are frequently f
- Page 81 and 82: DRAFT Appendix B are color coded to
- Page 83 and 84: DRAFT habitat in the lower river pr
- Page 85 and 86: DRAFT The FWC using a modified stra
- Page 87 and 88: DRAFT increased with a return to no
DRAFT<br />
10.0<br />
Yrly_Pumpage.grf<br />
15<br />
Annual Average Pumpage (mgd)<br />
8.0<br />
6.0<br />
4.0<br />
2.0<br />
10<br />
5<br />
Annual Average Pumpage (ft3 / sec)<br />
0.0<br />
0<br />
1985 1990 1995 2000<br />
Year<br />
Figure 2-9. Average annual pumpage rates from <strong>Sulphur</strong> Spring by the<br />
City <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tampa</strong> <strong>for</strong> 1984-2002.<br />
20<br />
MthlyPump_CFM.grf<br />
30<br />
Average Monthly Pumpage (MGD)<br />
16<br />
12<br />
8<br />
4<br />
25<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
Average Monthly Pumpage (cfs)<br />
0<br />
0<br />
1984 1988 1992 1996 2000<br />
Year<br />
Figure 2-10. Average monthly pumpage rates from <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong><br />
<strong>for</strong> 1984-2002.<br />
2 - 10
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