The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

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DRAFT 40 Percent of Observations - Salinity Exceeded 30 20 10 Salinity > 5 ppt Salinity > 10 ppt PctTime_Exceed.grf 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Flow (cfs) Figure 5-6. Percent of 15-minute observations greater than or equal to 5 or 10 ppt at the data recorder in the upper spring run for 1 cfs flow classes from Sulphur Springs. The durations of the incursions that exceeded 5 or 10 ppt are plotted in Figure 5-7. At flows greater than 7 cfs, the > 5 ppt incursions typically lasted only a few hours. For example, at 13 cfs flow the average duration of an incursion greater than 5 ppt was 3.5 hours, with a maximum duration of 7 hours (Table 5-2). The longest duration in the flow range of 8 to 17 cfs was 8.5 hours at a flow of 9 cfs. Salinity incursions greater than 10 ppt were less frequent and of shorter duration. The longest duration of salinity greater than 10 ppt for flows greater that 7 cfs were 4.5 hours, recorded at flows of 13 and 17 cfs. Using these results to establish a minimum flow will be dependent on the salinity tolerances of the biota in the spring run and the management goals for the run. It is the conclusion of this report that salinity incursions into the upper spring run should be minimized. In the absence of withdrawals, salinity values in the upper spring closely track the salinity of the spring pool. Under these conditions, the spring run functions like a tidal freshwater zone in that water levels fluctuate with tide but brackish waters from 5 - 14
DRAFT the river do not penetrate the upper spring run. The upper spring run is not a true freshwater zone in that salinity values generally fluctuate seasonally between 1 and 3 ppt, but salinity values do not experience any variation over the tidal cycle. 20 Hours of Continuous Exposure 16 12 8 4 Salinity > 5 ppt Salinity > 10 ppt 0 Flow_Duration_1.grf 5 10 15 20 25 30 Flow (cfs) Figure 5-7. Duration of salinity incursions greater than or equal to 5 ppt or 10 ppt at the data recorder in upper spring run for 1 cfs flow classes from Sulphur Springs. Many of the invertebrate taxa that inhabit the upper spring run are euryhaline, or able to tolerant of a range of salinity. These species can flourish in either the spring run or in nearby areas of the Lower Hillsborough River. Other invertebrate groups that have been found in the run, however, are comprised of species that are found predominantly in fresh water. The invertebrate community that was observed in the spring run in 1997 included many freshwater taxa that are tolerant of slightly elevated salinity. The high salinity values that occurred as a result of large springflow diversions during the 2000- 2001 drought were a factor in the loss of these taxa from the spring run (Allen et al. 2001). As described in Section 3.3.7.3, some of these taxa reappeared in later samples that were collected after periods of normal flow. The collection of December 2003, which was preceded by sixteen months of normal flow from the spring, found that species richness and the abundances of a number of taxa improved greatly, with the appearance of many freshwater taxa that have some tolerance of low salinity. In likelihood, the resumption of low, stable salinity values contributed to recovery. 5 - 15
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The Determination of Minimum Flows
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DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tab
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4.5 Goal 1 - Minimize the incursion
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DRAFT LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 2 - P
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Fig. 3-13 Fig. 3-14 Fig. 3-15 Fig.
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Fig. 5-7 Fig. 5-8 Fig. 5-9 Fig. 5-1
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Acronyms and Definitions DRAFT AMO
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DRAFT Executive Summary The Southwe
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DRAFT below 19 feet NGVD of 1929. T
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CHAPTER 1 PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND OF
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DRAFT water, or aquifer, provided t
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DRAFT one the indicators were the f
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DRAFT The spring and its run lie in
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DRAFT Figure 2-3. Recent photograph
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2 - 6 DRAFT
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DRAFT -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 0.4 4
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DRAFT 10.0 Yrly_Pumpage.grf 15 Annu
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DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 35 D
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DRAFT Figure 2-14. Return flow stru
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DRAFT 40 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Ju
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DRAFT due to withdrawals for public
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DRAFT Figure 2-19 . Temporal trend
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DRAFT Figure 2-20. Temporal trends
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DRAFT In comparison to specific con
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DRAFT average daily withdrawals for
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DRAFT Figure 2-25. Average specific
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DRAFT withdrawal rate of 31 cfs dur
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DRAFT Table 2-2. Sulphur Springs su
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DRAFT These plots indicate that his
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DRAFT CHAPTER 3 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE
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DRAFT 3 Run_Riv_Stg.grf Water Surfa
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DRAFT 3.4 Salinity in the spring ru
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DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
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DRAFT pumping events resulted in sa
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DRAFT As discussed in Section 2.5.3
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DRAFT tolerate and are frequently f
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DRAFT Appendix B are color coded to
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DRAFT habitat in the lower river pr
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DRAFT The FWC using a modified stra
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DRAFT increased with a return to no
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DRAFT 2000. The results from three
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DRAFT species (10 to 13) were colle
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DRAFT 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
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DRAFT . 1000.00 100.00 10.00 1.00 0
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DRAFT 3.9.2 The effects of flows fr
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DRAFT Data from the Tampa Bay Water
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DRAFT EPCHC Period of Record Data L
Page 103 and 104: DRAFT 35 30 1996 1997 1998 1999 200
Page 105 and 106: 7 DRAFT Elevation (m) 1 0 -1 -2 -3
Page 107 and 108: 8 24 25 29 DRAFT Figure 3-20, 3-21
Page 109 and 110: DRAFT Figure 3-22 HBMP & EPCHC 2000
Page 111 and 112: DRAFT of the river between the dam
Page 113 and 114: DRAFT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 11
Page 115 and 116: DRAFT The HBMP project (PBSJ 2003)
Page 117 and 118: DRAFT xanthurus) red drum (Sciaenop
Page 119 and 120: DRAFT as manatees seek fresh water
Page 121 and 122: 1999 2000 2001 2002 DRAFT 35 TmpSS_
Page 123 and 124: DRAFT Platt Street 1974-2002 Columb
Page 125 and 126: DRAFT Median and minimum water temp
Page 127 and 128: DRAFT Figure 3-31 1999 2000 2001 20
Page 129 and 130: DRAFT Figure 3-33 2001 2002 2003 20
Page 131 and 132: DRAFT CHAPTER 4 TECHNICAL APPROACH
Page 133 and 134: DRAFT The sum of these consideratio
Page 135 and 136: DRAFT It is the conclusion of this
Page 137 and 138: DRAFT criteria. The
Page 139: DRAFT reach of the river 50 meters
Page 142 and 143: DRAFT of the dam. The experiments w
Page 144 and 145: DRAFT Salinity incursions above the
Page 146 and 147: DRAFT Figure 5-3. A - D. Box and wh
Page 148 and 149: DRAFT The results of the vertical p
Page 150 and 151: DRAFT Sulphur Springs < 33 cfs, Hil
Page 152 and 153: DRAFT Other breakpoints in the data
Page 156 and 157: DRAFT It is possible that infrequen
Page 158 and 159: DRAFT The effects of tide stage on
Page 160 and 161: DRAFT medians rise to near -0.2 fee
Page 162 and 163: DRAFT Sulphur Springs < 33 cfs, Hil
Page 164 and 165: DRAFT Sulphur Springs on salinity d
Page 166 and 167: 7 29 DRAFT Elevation (m) 0/0cfs 1 0
Page 168 and 169: 23 24 24 25 25 29 DRAFT Figures 14,
Page 170 and 171: DRAFT Viewed strictly from the infl
Page 172 and 173: DRAFT water removed would fluctuate
Page 174 and 175: DRAFT euryhaline, there were also m
Page 176 and 177: DRAFT 01/90 01/93 01/96 01/99 01/02
Page 178 and 179: DRAFT the intent of that condition
Page 180 and 181: DRAFT included inflows to the model
Page 182 and 183: DRAFT Flows for Sulphur Springs wer
Page 184 and 185: DRAFT ∆T represents the differenc
Page 186 and 187: DRAFT Figure 25 Temp (C) 22 Histori
Page 188 and 189: DRAFT Figure 26 Temp (C) 24 22 Hist
Page 190 and 191: DRAFT Similar to the coldest period
Page 192 and 193: DRAFT 5.7. Consideration of future
Page 194 and 195: DRAFT Culter, J. 1986. Benthic Inve
Page 196 and 197: DRAFT Shafland, P. L. and K. J. Foo
Page 199 and 200: APPENDIX A (from Chapter 2) Time se
Page 201 and 202: Sulphur Springs Water Quality 1991-
Page 203 and 204: Sulphur Springs Water Quality 1991-
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Sulphur Springs Water Quality 1991-
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Appendix B. Presence of macroinvert
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Appendix C. Percent composition of
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Appendix C. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX D (from Chapter 3) Percent
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APPENDIX D. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX D. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX E (from Chapter 3) Abundan
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BARE SAND FILAMENTOUS ALGAE COMBINE
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APPENDIX F - HILLSBOROUGH RIVER TEM
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Appendix G Daily values for mean, m
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APPENDIX H (from Chapter 5) Time se
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Experiment Number 6
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Appendix I Daily values for minimum
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28FEB2000 9.8 0.0 1.9 9.7 7.8 . 18.
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12FEB2001 14.0 3.5 1.7 4.6 2.9 1.1
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The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

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