The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

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DRAFT brackish marsh plants such as Typha domingensis, Crinum americana, Acrostichum danefolium, and Scirpus americanus are found along the river banks downstream of the spring. Typha domingensis (cattails) are particularly abundant and are concentrated between river kilometers 6 and 8, or about 5 to 7 km downstream of the spring. These species are freshwater plants that have some salt tolerance, and are generally restricted to low and medium salinity zones in tidal rivers. At higher salinities, they are generally replaced by saltmarsh plants (Juncus romerianus, Spartina alterniflora) or mangroves. In a survey of seven rivers on the coast of west central Florida, Clewell et al (2002) found that brackish marsh plants (including Typha domingensis and Scirpus americana), were most common where median surface salinity values were less than 4 ppt, which has relevance to the
DRAFT reach of the river 50 meters long near the mouth of the spring could serve as an indicator of the maintenance of a thermal refuge for manatees (B. Ackerman, personnel communication). FWC staff further suggested that the mean water temperature in this refuge should not be reduced by more than 2 degrees Celsius ( 0 C) as a result of springflow diversions when water temperatures in the refuge are in the range of 15 to 20 0 C. This was considered to be a conservative approach, as it was assumed that water temperature changes in the spring run would be less than those observed in the river. Also, if the spring discharge can maintain water temperatures above 20 o C during cold periods, when other areas of the river are below 20 o C that is of benefit as well. Such thermal functions would benefit not only manatees, but also fishes that are susceptible to kills during very cold periods (e.g. snook). Thermal modeling simulations that predict the effects of removing or diverting various quantities of flow from Sulphur Springs on water temperatures in the lower river are evaluated in Chapter Five in relation to proposed minimum flows for Sulphur Springs. 4 - 9
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The Determination of Minimum Flows
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DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tab
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4.5 Goal 1 - Minimize the incursion
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DRAFT LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 2 - P
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Fig. 3-13 Fig. 3-14 Fig. 3-15 Fig.
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Fig. 5-7 Fig. 5-8 Fig. 5-9 Fig. 5-1
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Acronyms and Definitions DRAFT AMO
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DRAFT Executive Summary The Southwe
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DRAFT below 19 feet NGVD of 1929. T
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CHAPTER 1 PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND OF
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DRAFT water, or aquifer, provided t
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DRAFT one the indicators were the f
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DRAFT The spring and its run lie in
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DRAFT Figure 2-3. Recent photograph
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2 - 6 DRAFT
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DRAFT -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 0.4 4
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DRAFT 10.0 Yrly_Pumpage.grf 15 Annu
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DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 35 D
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DRAFT Figure 2-14. Return flow stru
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DRAFT 40 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Ju
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DRAFT due to withdrawals for public
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DRAFT Figure 2-19 . Temporal trend
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DRAFT Figure 2-20. Temporal trends
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DRAFT In comparison to specific con
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DRAFT average daily withdrawals for
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DRAFT Figure 2-25. Average specific
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DRAFT withdrawal rate of 31 cfs dur
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DRAFT Table 2-2. Sulphur Springs su
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DRAFT These plots indicate that his
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DRAFT CHAPTER 3 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE
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DRAFT 3 Run_Riv_Stg.grf Water Surfa
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DRAFT 3.4 Salinity in the spring ru
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DRAFT 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
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DRAFT pumping events resulted in sa
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DRAFT As discussed in Section 2.5.3
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DRAFT tolerate and are frequently f
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DRAFT Appendix B are color coded to
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DRAFT habitat in the lower river pr
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DRAFT The FWC using a modified stra
Page 87 and 88: DRAFT increased with a return to no
Page 89 and 90: DRAFT 2000. The results from three
Page 91 and 92: DRAFT species (10 to 13) were colle
Page 93 and 94: DRAFT 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
Page 95 and 96: DRAFT . 1000.00 100.00 10.00 1.00 0
Page 97 and 98: DRAFT 3.9.2 The effects of flows fr
Page 99 and 100: DRAFT Data from the Tampa Bay Water
Page 101 and 102: DRAFT EPCHC Period of Record Data L
Page 103 and 104: DRAFT 35 30 1996 1997 1998 1999 200
Page 105 and 106: 7 DRAFT Elevation (m) 1 0 -1 -2 -3
Page 107 and 108: 8 24 25 29 DRAFT Figure 3-20, 3-21
Page 109 and 110: DRAFT Figure 3-22 HBMP & EPCHC 2000
Page 111 and 112: DRAFT of the river between the dam
Page 113 and 114: DRAFT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 11
Page 115 and 116: DRAFT The HBMP project (PBSJ 2003)
Page 117 and 118: DRAFT xanthurus) red drum (Sciaenop
Page 119 and 120: DRAFT as manatees seek fresh water
Page 121 and 122: 1999 2000 2001 2002 DRAFT 35 TmpSS_
Page 123 and 124: DRAFT Platt Street 1974-2002 Columb
Page 125 and 126: DRAFT Median and minimum water temp
Page 127 and 128: DRAFT Figure 3-31 1999 2000 2001 20
Page 129 and 130: DRAFT Figure 3-33 2001 2002 2003 20
Page 131 and 132: DRAFT CHAPTER 4 TECHNICAL APPROACH
Page 133 and 134: DRAFT The sum of these consideratio
Page 135 and 136: DRAFT It is the conclusion of this
Page 137: DRAFT criteria. The
Page 142 and 143: DRAFT of the dam. The experiments w
Page 144 and 145: DRAFT Salinity incursions above the
Page 146 and 147: DRAFT Figure 5-3. A - D. Box and wh
Page 148 and 149: DRAFT The results of the vertical p
Page 150 and 151: DRAFT Sulphur Springs < 33 cfs, Hil
Page 152 and 153: DRAFT Other breakpoints in the data
Page 154 and 155: DRAFT 40 Percent of Observations -
Page 156 and 157: DRAFT It is possible that infrequen
Page 158 and 159: DRAFT The effects of tide stage on
Page 160 and 161: DRAFT medians rise to near -0.2 fee
Page 162 and 163: DRAFT Sulphur Springs < 33 cfs, Hil
Page 164 and 165: DRAFT Sulphur Springs on salinity d
Page 166 and 167: 7 29 DRAFT Elevation (m) 0/0cfs 1 0
Page 168 and 169: 23 24 24 25 25 29 DRAFT Figures 14,
Page 170 and 171: DRAFT Viewed strictly from the infl
Page 172 and 173: DRAFT water removed would fluctuate
Page 174 and 175: DRAFT euryhaline, there were also m
Page 176 and 177: DRAFT 01/90 01/93 01/96 01/99 01/02
Page 178 and 179: DRAFT the intent of that condition
Page 180 and 181: DRAFT included inflows to the model
Page 182 and 183: DRAFT Flows for Sulphur Springs wer
Page 184 and 185: DRAFT ∆T represents the differenc
Page 186 and 187: DRAFT Figure 25 Temp (C) 22 Histori
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DRAFT Figure 26 Temp (C) 24 22 Hist
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DRAFT Similar to the coldest period
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DRAFT 5.7. Consideration of future
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DRAFT Culter, J. 1986. Benthic Inve
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DRAFT Shafland, P. L. and K. J. Foo
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APPENDIX A (from Chapter 2) Time se
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Sulphur Springs Water Quality 1991-
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Appendix B. Presence of macroinvert
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Appendix C. Percent composition of
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Appendix C. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX D (from Chapter 3) Percent
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APPENDIX D. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX D. Percent composition of
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APPENDIX E (from Chapter 3) Abundan
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BARE SAND FILAMENTOUS ALGAE COMBINE
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APPENDIX F - HILLSBOROUGH RIVER TEM
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Appendix G Daily values for mean, m
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APPENDIX H (from Chapter 5) Time se
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Experiment Number 6
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Appendix I Daily values for minimum
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28FEB2000 9.8 0.0 1.9 9.7 7.8 . 18.
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12FEB2001 14.0 3.5 1.7 4.6 2.9 1.1
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The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

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