The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa The Determination of Minimum Flows for Sulphur Springs, Tampa

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DRAFT LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 2 - Physical and Hydrologic Characteristics of Sulphur Springs Fig. 2-1 Location map of Sulphur Springs and the Lower Hillsborough River in Tampa, Florida .................................................................................. 2-1 Fig. 2-2A Photograph from 1908 showing the concrete rim enclosing the Sulphur .............................................................................................. 2-2 Fig. 2-2B Public swimming and recreation at Sulphur Springs during the early 1900s........................................................................................ 2-2 Fig. 2-3 Recent photograph of Sulphur Springs Pool ..................................... 2-4 Fig. 2-4 Discharge structure at Sulphur Springs Pool..................................... 2-4 Fig. 2-5 Diagram of Sulphur Springs showing the shoreline and structural features associated with the spring pool, spring run, and Lower Hillsborough River. Also shown are the locations of four recording gages operated by the U.S Geological Survey.................................. 2-5 Fig. 2-6A Upper footbridge over Sulphur Springs Run viewed from north bank just below pool................................................................................... 2-6 Fig. 2-6B Weir with opening extending across Sulphur Springs Run, showing the footbridge at the mouth of the spring run in the background ............. 2-6 Fig. 2-6C Shoreline of Sulphur Springs Run, looking upstream along North Bank2-6 Fig. 2-6D Shoreline of Sulphur Springs Run looking upstream along the south bank, showing USGS data recorder in the upper spring run ............. 2-6 Fig. 2-7 Bathymetric map of Sulphur Springs Run. Yellow lines are one-half foot contours relative to NGVD, 1929 ................................................ 2-7 Fig. 2-8 Surface area and volume of Sulphur Springs Run as a function of water level in the Spring Run............................................................. 2-8 Fig. 2-9 Average annual pumpage rates from Sulphur Springs by the City of Tampa for 1984-2002 ...................................................................... 2-10 Fig. 2-10 Average monthly pumpage rates from Sulphur Springs for 1984-2002 ....................................................................................... 2-10 Fig. 2-11 Average daily pumpage from Sulphur Springs 1999-2002 .............. 2-12 Fig. 2-12 Daily discharge from Sulphur Springs 1999-2002 ........................... 2-12 Fig. 2-13 Flume discharge structure at base of reservoir dam........................ 2-13 Fig. 2-14 Return flow structure at Sulphur Springs Pool................................. 2-14 Fig. 2-15 Average monthly flows from Sulphur Springs corrected for withdrawals for 1991-2002 .................................................................................. 2-16 Fig. 2-16 Flow duration curves for daily flow values from Sulphur Springs for days with no withdrawals (blue) and complete daily records (red) for 1991-2002 ....................................................................................... 2-16 Fig. 2-17 Known sinkoles locations near Tampa, Florida ............................... 2-17 Fig. 2-18 Potentiometric surface of the Upper Florida aquifer near Sulphur Springs for May, 2002 ..................................................................... 2-18 Fig. 2-19 Temporal trend of monthly Sulphur Springs flows: corrected and uncorrected for withdrawals. Kendall-Theil slope shown ................. 2-20 Fig. 2-20 Temporal trends of specific conductance and salinity in the Tourist Club well. Kendallj-Theil slope shown ............................................. 2-22 v

Fig. 2-21 Temporal trend of specific conductance and salinity in the Sulphur Springs Pool. Kendall-Theil slope shown ........................................ 2-23 Fig. 2-22A Specific conductance in the Sulphur Springs cave system on November 15, 1998. Adapted from Schrueder, Inc. Used with permission of the City of Tampa...................................................... 2-24 Fig. 2-22B Know Extent of Sulphur Springs Cave System Accessible to Divers .............................................................................................. 2-25 Fig. 2-23 Average daily values of water levels and specific conductance for Sulphur Springs Pool for 1999 through 2002................................... 2-26 Fig. 2-24 Water level and specific conductance response to withdrawals from the Sulphur Springs Pool for two periods during 2001 .......................... 2-28 Fig. 2-25 Average specific conductance values for each day of the year for 2001 and 2002 with a LOESS line fitted to the 2001 data ........................ 2-29 Fig. 2-26 Residual values for conductance vs. day of the year and pumpage from Sulphur Springs for 2001......................................................... 2-29 Fig. 2-27 Response of water levels and conductance to withdrawals after modification of water diversion facilities at Sulphur Springs, March - September, 2002................................................................ 2-31 Fig. 2-28 Temporal trend in nitrate nitrogen in the Sulphur Springs Pool for 1991- 2003 (three values not shown) ........................................................ 2-35 Chapter 3 – Ecological Resources of Sulphur Springs and the Lower Hillsborough River DRAFT Fig. 3-1 Stage duration curves of water levels in the upper spring run and the Hillsborough River near the mouth of the spring ............................... 3-2 Fig. 3-2 Time series graph of water levels in upper spring run and river near the mouth of the spring during a period of normal flow from the spring pool (January 14 - 21, 2001) ..................................................................... 3-3 Fig.3-3 Stage duration curves for water levels in the upper spring run for periods of normal flow (> 20 cfs) and low flwo (< 5 cfs)..................... 3-4 Fig. 3-4 Time series graph of water levels in upper spring run and river near the mouth of the spring during a period of low flow (3.5 cfs) from spring pool (May 1 - May 6, 2001)................................................................ 3-4 Fig. 3-5 Average daily salinity values for the spring pool and the data recorder in the upper spring run over pumpage from the pool for 1999 - 2002 3-6 Fig. 3-6 Average daily salinity values for the spring pool and the data recorder at the spring mouth over pumpage from the pool for 1999 - 2002..... 3-7 Fig. 3-7 Average water column pH values for stations in the spring run sampled by the SWFWMD between November 21, 2001 and June 20, 20023-10 Fig. 3-8 Average yearly flows to the lower river from the Hillsborough River Reservoir ......................................................................................... 3-27 Fig. 3-9 Number of no-flow days per year from the Hillsborough River Reservoir3-28 Fig. 3-10 Flow Duration curve for daily flow values from the Hillsborough River Reservoir ......................................................................................... 3-29 Fig. 3-11 Time series of percent of daily gaged ............................................. 3-30 Fig. 3-12 Periods of record for salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen measurements at fixed location water quality sites sampled by the vi

Fig. 2-21 Temporal trend <strong>of</strong> specific conductance and salinity in the <strong>Sulphur</strong><br />

<strong>Springs</strong> Pool. Kendall-<strong>The</strong>il slope shown ........................................ 2-23<br />

Fig. 2-22A Specific conductance in the <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> cave system on<br />

November 15, 1998. Adapted from Schrueder, Inc. Used with<br />

permission <strong>of</strong> the City <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tampa</strong>...................................................... 2-24<br />

Fig. 2-22B Know Extent <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> Cave System Accessible to<br />

Divers .............................................................................................. 2-25<br />

Fig. 2-23 Average daily values <strong>of</strong> water levels and specific conductance <strong>for</strong><br />

<strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> Pool <strong>for</strong> 1999 through 2002................................... 2-26<br />

Fig. 2-24 Water level and specific conductance response to withdrawals from the<br />

<strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> Pool <strong>for</strong> two periods during 2001 .......................... 2-28<br />

Fig. 2-25 Average specific conductance values <strong>for</strong> each day <strong>of</strong> the year <strong>for</strong> 2001<br />

and 2002 with a LOESS line fitted to the 2001 data ........................ 2-29<br />

Fig. 2-26 Residual values <strong>for</strong> conductance vs. day <strong>of</strong> the year and pumpage<br />

from <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> <strong>for</strong> 2001......................................................... 2-29<br />

Fig. 2-27 Response <strong>of</strong> water levels and conductance to withdrawals after<br />

modification <strong>of</strong> water diversion facilities at <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong>,<br />

March - September, 2002................................................................ 2-31<br />

Fig. 2-28 Temporal trend in nitrate nitrogen in the <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> Pool <strong>for</strong> 1991-<br />

2003 (three values not shown) ........................................................ 2-35<br />

Chapter 3 – Ecological Resources <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sulphur</strong> <strong>Springs</strong> and the Lower<br />

Hillsborough River<br />

DRAFT<br />

Fig. 3-1 Stage duration curves <strong>of</strong> water levels in the upper spring run and the<br />

Hillsborough River near the mouth <strong>of</strong> the spring ............................... 3-2<br />

Fig. 3-2 Time series graph <strong>of</strong> water levels in upper spring run and river near the<br />

mouth <strong>of</strong> the spring during a period <strong>of</strong> normal flow from the spring pool<br />

(January 14 - 21, 2001) ..................................................................... 3-3<br />

Fig.3-3 Stage duration curves <strong>for</strong> water levels in the upper spring run <strong>for</strong><br />

periods <strong>of</strong> normal flow (> 20 cfs) and low flwo (< 5 cfs)..................... 3-4<br />

Fig. 3-4 Time series graph <strong>of</strong> water levels in upper spring run and river near the<br />

mouth <strong>of</strong> the spring during a period <strong>of</strong> low flow (3.5 cfs) from spring<br />

pool (May 1 - May 6, 2001)................................................................ 3-4<br />

Fig. 3-5 Average daily salinity values <strong>for</strong> the spring pool and the data recorder<br />

in the upper spring run over pumpage from the pool <strong>for</strong> 1999 - 2002 3-6<br />

Fig. 3-6 Average daily salinity values <strong>for</strong> the spring pool and the data recorder<br />

at the spring mouth over pumpage from the pool <strong>for</strong> 1999 - 2002..... 3-7<br />

Fig. 3-7 Average water column pH values <strong>for</strong> stations in the spring run sampled<br />

by the SWFWMD between November 21, 2001 and June 20, 20023-10<br />

Fig. 3-8 Average yearly flows to the lower river from the Hillsborough River<br />

Reservoir ......................................................................................... 3-27<br />

Fig. 3-9 Number <strong>of</strong> no-flow days per year from the Hillsborough River Reservoir3-28<br />

Fig. 3-10 Flow Duration curve <strong>for</strong> daily flow values from the Hillsborough River<br />

Reservoir ......................................................................................... 3-29<br />

Fig. 3-11 Time series <strong>of</strong> percent <strong>of</strong> daily gaged ............................................. 3-30<br />

Fig. 3-12 Periods <strong>of</strong> record <strong>for</strong> salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen<br />

measurements at fixed location water quality sites sampled by the<br />

vi

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