Cockmuir Place street design project report - Sustrans
Cockmuir Place street design project report - Sustrans
Cockmuir Place street design project report - Sustrans
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Street Design Project Report<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong>, Elgin, Moray<br />
2011-2012<br />
A partnership <strong>project</strong> between <strong>Sustrans</strong> Scotland<br />
& The Moray Council<br />
May 2013
About <strong>Sustrans</strong><br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> makes smarter travel choices<br />
possible, desirable and inevitable. We’re<br />
a leading UK charity enabling people to<br />
travel by foot, bike or public transport<br />
for more of the journeys we make every<br />
day. We work with families, communities,<br />
policy-makers and partner organisations<br />
so that people are able to choose<br />
healthier, cleaner and cheaper journeys,<br />
with better places and spaces to move<br />
through and live in.<br />
It’s time we all began making smarter<br />
travel choices. Make your move and<br />
support <strong>Sustrans</strong> today.<br />
www.sustrans.org.uk<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> Scotland<br />
Rosebery House<br />
9 Haymarket Terrace<br />
Edinburgh<br />
EH12 5EZ<br />
© <strong>Sustrans</strong> May 2013<br />
Registered Charity No. 326550 (England and Wales)<br />
SC039263 (Scotland)<br />
VAT Registration No. 416740656<br />
Message from <strong>Sustrans</strong> Scotland Director, John Lauder<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> Scotland and The Moray Council are delighted to have delivered this pioneering Street Design Project<br />
with residents in <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong>, Elgin. The <strong>street</strong> is now very attractive with its bright colours and <strong>design</strong>s, and<br />
the provision of more green space.<br />
The community has guided the improvements undertaken to create a special place in which to live, rest and<br />
play. The clever <strong>design</strong> techniques used have also resulted in reduced traffic speeds, therefore making the<br />
<strong>street</strong> safer for pedestrians and cyclists.<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> considers that this <strong>project</strong> is only the start of a process across Scotland that will see <strong>street</strong>s reclaimed<br />
by their residents as distinctive places in which to live. We want to see residential <strong>street</strong>s becoming less<br />
dominated by traffic and more focused on people.<br />
This <strong>project</strong> has been successful due to the enthusiasm of all the partners, particularly the residents of the<br />
<strong>street</strong> and local volunteers. Their valued inputs at all stages helped to shape the improvements at each stage<br />
of development and have helped to create something we can all be proud of.
Contents<br />
1. INTRODUCTION<br />
2. COMMUNITY<br />
3. PLACE<br />
4. SAFETY<br />
5. MOVEMENT<br />
6. SUMMARY
“<br />
You see things; and you say ‘Why?’ But I dream things<br />
that never were; and I say ‘Why not?’<br />
”<br />
- George Bernard Shaw<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong>’ simple aim is to make <strong>street</strong>s safer, more attractive and vibrant<br />
places to live. We work with communities, residents and schools.<br />
Elgin<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> is a cul-de-sac to the south of Elgin. There are 30<br />
properties consisting of a mix of bungalows, terraced housing and flatted<br />
accommodation. The age and physical ability of residents on the <strong>street</strong> is very<br />
varied.<br />
The <strong>street</strong> is close to Greenwards Primary School and Elgin High School and<br />
tends to be used by parents as a convenient drop off/pick up location for<br />
children being driven to and from the primary school.<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> is also close to an extensive network of traffic free cycle<br />
routes developed recently through the Urban Freedom active travel initiative<br />
in Elgin with support from <strong>Sustrans</strong>. The Street Design <strong>project</strong> was delivered<br />
by <strong>Sustrans</strong> and The Moray Council with additional support from the Bilbohall<br />
Tenants Forum and local charity Step Forward.<br />
1. INTRODUCTION
From...<br />
A residential road <strong>design</strong>ed around<br />
standard patterns and geometry.<br />
To...<br />
A place that reflects the community<br />
who live there and pass through.<br />
Since the <strong>project</strong> began, residents of<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> have seen a dramatic<br />
change to their neighbourhood<br />
environment.<br />
This <strong>report</strong> details the process and<br />
<strong>project</strong> highlights.<br />
1. INTRODUCTION - BEFORE & AFTER
2. COMMUNITY
4<strong>design</strong> workshops<br />
32 adults<br />
6 children<br />
Communities are at the heart of <strong>street</strong> <strong>design</strong> <strong>project</strong>s. Involving people in<br />
decisions about their <strong>street</strong> is a powerful and effective way of developing a<br />
successful <strong>design</strong>, reflecting the people who live there.<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> worked in an integrated way with Glasgow artist Nicola Atkinson<br />
who specialises in community engagement and collaborative <strong>design</strong>. The<br />
<strong>design</strong> workshops were where ideas were debated, compromises reached and<br />
decisions made about the <strong>design</strong> of the <strong>street</strong>. Throughout this process, ideas<br />
were presented back to the community for comment and adjustment. This<br />
open form of engagement helps to ensure that there are no surprises once the<br />
building phase gets underway.<br />
total attendance at all<br />
<strong>design</strong> workshops<br />
“<br />
From the start (the team)<br />
listened to everything the<br />
people wanted<br />
”<br />
- Resident<br />
At the beginning, the <strong>design</strong><br />
workshops concentrated on<br />
what residents liked about their<br />
<strong>street</strong> and what they wanted<br />
to see improved. The residents<br />
made a list of the problems and<br />
maps were used to mark where<br />
particular issues occured.<br />
Residents voted for their<br />
priorities from the list<br />
of problems and these<br />
underpinned the <strong>design</strong><br />
process from then on.<br />
A huge map of <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong><br />
allowed residents to experiment<br />
with a range of ideas following<br />
themes of movement, safety,<br />
greenery, parking and other<br />
functions of the <strong>street</strong>.<br />
Foam, wood, plastercine,<br />
mini trees and other similar<br />
objects were used to<br />
visualise the ideas. These<br />
were photographed and then<br />
incorporated into the <strong>design</strong>s.<br />
Between each <strong>design</strong> workshop,<br />
residents were given the<br />
opportunity to review and<br />
comment on <strong>design</strong>s and<br />
suggest changes.<br />
This allowed the <strong>design</strong>s to<br />
reach a level of refinement that<br />
balanced the views of residents<br />
with one another, while matching<br />
budgetary constraints, standards<br />
and engineering limitations.<br />
2. COMMUNITY - DESIGN WORKSHOPS
5<br />
12<br />
9 to 15<br />
27<br />
GEDLOCH<br />
esign, <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong>, Southwest Elgin<br />
1<br />
25<br />
GLEN LOSSIE<br />
26 to 32<br />
13<br />
Ü1:500 Scale<br />
DRIVE<br />
25<br />
34 to 40<br />
42 to 48<br />
Residents laid out the <strong>street</strong> to show how they wanted it to work, look and<br />
feel. These layouts were turned into <strong>design</strong> visualisations to begin to give a<br />
clearer picture of what the <strong>street</strong> would look like.<br />
12<br />
2<br />
47 41<br />
COCKMUIR PLACE<br />
LB<br />
33<br />
41<br />
1 to 7<br />
TCB<br />
El<br />
Sub Sta<br />
17<br />
Shelter<br />
31<br />
31<br />
Map of the <strong>street</strong> before the <strong>street</strong> <strong>design</strong> <strong>project</strong>.<br />
50 to 56<br />
43<br />
10<br />
nance Survey map with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationary Office Crown Copyright 2011 The Moray Council 100023422<br />
58 to 64<br />
Initial <strong>design</strong> showing stepping stone route idea, parking bays, wider, more<br />
direct routes and more greenery.<br />
‘Positive Parking’ - marking parking<br />
bays with surface colour treatment -<br />
indicates good parking spots within<br />
the existing layout of the <strong>street</strong>.<br />
This looks more pleasant than bays<br />
marked with while lines and creates<br />
a less formal environment, while still<br />
discouraging double parking and<br />
making most efficient use of space.<br />
A raised crossing at the entrance to<br />
the <strong>street</strong> slows vehicles down, makes<br />
it easier for pedestrians to cross<br />
and acts as a gateway feature that<br />
indicates to motorists that priorities in<br />
the <strong>street</strong> are different.<br />
‘Offset’ parking acts as a chicane to<br />
slow down traffic. Marking this parking<br />
out would encourage motorists to use<br />
it; this formalises parking on the main<br />
roadspace rather than in the car park,<br />
as had been the case. This freed up<br />
space elsewhere for grass to be laid.<br />
2. COMMUNITY - URBAN DESIGN
7neighbourhood on-<strong>street</strong><br />
events in <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong><br />
Launch Event<br />
Sweeten Your Street<br />
Walk The Artist<br />
Test Event<br />
Christmas Event<br />
Friday Opening Event<br />
Saturday Opening Event<br />
There is a strong social benefit to working with a community. Residents get to<br />
know each other through on-<strong>street</strong> events that encourage socialising, laughter<br />
and fun. Knowing your neighbours can make you feel more positive about the<br />
place where you live.<br />
People often say that they remember old times when residents knew one<br />
another; this should not be confined to the past.<br />
249 adults<br />
98 children<br />
total attendance at all<br />
on-<strong>street</strong> events<br />
Initial surveys with residents<br />
in the area helped to identify<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> as a potential<br />
<strong>project</strong> site. Following this,<br />
residents took to the <strong>street</strong> to<br />
enjoy pudding and custard,<br />
socialise and start thinking<br />
about what works well and<br />
what does not work so well in<br />
their <strong>street</strong>.<br />
In June 2011 a ‘Test Day’ was<br />
held. Aside from creating an<br />
opportunity for residents to be<br />
out and about socialising, the<br />
<strong>street</strong> was decked out with<br />
hay bales, old carpet and other<br />
furniture to symbolise how<br />
the <strong>street</strong> would look with the<br />
changes in place.<br />
The community waited eagerly<br />
for the ribbon to be cut at the<br />
formal opening of the <strong>street</strong>.<br />
School pupils, councillors,<br />
council staff and parents joined<br />
the celebrations; There was a<br />
tangible sense of pride in what<br />
had been achieved.<br />
2. COMMUNITY - EVENTS
The community comes together in <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> to celebrate completion of<br />
the changes. Residents, pupils reflect on how the <strong>street</strong> used to look and feel,<br />
with positivity about the future.<br />
The transformation of the <strong>street</strong> is very dramatic and has created a place that is<br />
pleasant to gather.<br />
The <strong>street</strong> used to support<br />
a strong vehicle movement<br />
function; the paths had<br />
not been wide enough for<br />
pedestrians to pass one<br />
another. This has now been<br />
balanced with a strong sense of<br />
place that shifts priority towards<br />
pedestrians.<br />
It was hard to imagine live<br />
music, food, drink, the signs of<br />
vitality on the <strong>street</strong>, before the<br />
<strong>project</strong>.<br />
The transformation has left a<br />
place that is fit for a community.<br />
2. COMMUNITY - EXPERIENCING TRANSFORMATION
5sessions with<br />
local schools<br />
2 High School Workshops<br />
Primary School Workshop<br />
P6 Treasure Hunt<br />
P6 Post Works Review<br />
16 adults<br />
149 children<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> is one of the main access routes to Greenwards Primary<br />
School. As the residents identified, many of the issues that the <strong>street</strong><br />
experienced related to the large numbers of people passing through the <strong>street</strong><br />
on their way to and from school each day, with vehicles disproportionately<br />
dominating the <strong>street</strong>. Elgin High School is also close to <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> and<br />
linked with a strong network of paths.<br />
Nicola Atkinson encouraged pupils from Greenwards Primary School to create<br />
their own hopscotch style games with chalk on the pavements in <strong>Cockmuir</strong><br />
<strong>Place</strong>. She developed this idea further and <strong>design</strong>ed a permanent stepping<br />
stone installation called ‘Invent a Game’. Nicola also worked with a group of<br />
high school pupils to explore <strong>design</strong> ideas.<br />
total attendance at all<br />
school workshops<br />
“<br />
it’s really cool to do art<br />
with something that’s<br />
actually going to go down;<br />
is actually going to happen.<br />
It’s pretty cool.<br />
”<br />
- Pupil<br />
Before the transformations to<br />
the <strong>street</strong> took place, pupils<br />
were given the challenge to<br />
make sense of the <strong>design</strong>s and<br />
understand what goes where<br />
and why.<br />
Pupils are now able to explain<br />
to others why <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong><br />
feels safer to them and how this<br />
was achieved.<br />
Greenwards School’s gardening<br />
club got their hands dirty and<br />
a little scratched, helping to fill<br />
the new planters with colourful,<br />
interesting but hardy plants.<br />
Involving pupils in the planting<br />
has helped share the sense of<br />
pride in the <strong>street</strong> beyond the<br />
residents. This is a place that<br />
everyone wants to look after.<br />
Primary school pupils spoke<br />
to a newspaper <strong>report</strong>er at<br />
the opening event, about<br />
how they were involved in the<br />
<strong>street</strong> <strong>design</strong> process and the<br />
difference it has made to their<br />
journey to school.<br />
2. COMMUNITY - SCHOOLS WORK
3. PLACE
100<br />
%<br />
of residents surveyed<br />
think the appearance<br />
of the <strong>street</strong> is good/<br />
attractive<br />
<strong>Place</strong>-making is an important part of a Street Design <strong>project</strong>. If a place is not<br />
inviting and attractive, people may not want to linger. At the heart of <strong>Cockmuir</strong><br />
<strong>Place</strong>, there is a large grass area that was once a large car park. The residents<br />
took a courageous decision to remove some excess parking space, and the<br />
benefits have been clear to see.<br />
NEW FEATURES<br />
3 Rowan Trees<br />
7 Planters<br />
Large Grass Area<br />
Patio Area<br />
Coloured Crossings<br />
Stepping Stones<br />
Herb Garden<br />
“<br />
It’s a lot brighter and<br />
friendlier with colours and<br />
<strong>design</strong>s.<br />
”<br />
- Pupil<br />
Planters packed with colourful<br />
shrubs and bulbs provide a<br />
place to sit and relax. The<br />
contents were chosen to be<br />
low-maintainance and the bark<br />
layer makes weeding easy.<br />
Residents commited to look<br />
after the planters themselves;<br />
feeding and watering them<br />
when necessary.<br />
Even functional aspects to<br />
the <strong>street</strong>, such as crossings<br />
and parking spaces, now look<br />
warm, bright and engaging.<br />
The <strong>street</strong> makes sense to<br />
pedestrians, cyclists and<br />
drivers.<br />
<strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> is warm, inviting<br />
and interesting. The community<br />
spirit is reflected by the <strong>design</strong>.<br />
3. PLACE - APPEARANCE
60%<br />
of residents surveyed think the<br />
<strong>street</strong> has been enhanced with<br />
trees, greenery or artwork<br />
i<br />
A University of Glasgow & University of St Andrews<br />
study found that even small green spaces in living<br />
environments made a difference to people’s risk of<br />
fatal diseases.<br />
(The Lancet, Vol. 372, Issue 9650, pp1655-1660)<br />
Residents and pupils from Greenwards<br />
Primary School worked with artist Nicola<br />
Atkinson who created a new colouful<br />
footway through the <strong>street</strong> on a widened<br />
section of path. The footpath has been<br />
laid with inset durable colourful ceramic<br />
pieces. ‘Invent a Game’ artwork by Nicola<br />
Atkinson is seamlessly interwoven into<br />
the <strong>design</strong> of the <strong>street</strong> and encourages<br />
people of all ages to engage with the<br />
<strong>street</strong> playfully.<br />
“<br />
I think it’s a good thing.<br />
I’ve noticed they’ve put the<br />
plants in along the <strong>street</strong> -<br />
surprised there has been<br />
no damage but that could<br />
be down to them asking<br />
the kids to help so they’re<br />
taking a pride in it as well<br />
”<br />
- Resident<br />
A younger resident on the <strong>street</strong><br />
experimented with watercolour<br />
shapes as part of the process<br />
of developing the ‘Invent a<br />
Game’ artwork.<br />
Bright, glazed ceramic peices<br />
were inset into white concrete<br />
slabs to create the stepping<br />
stone pattern.<br />
Residents also got stuck in with<br />
the gardening, filling the new<br />
planters with colourful shrubs<br />
and flowers.<br />
3. PLACE - QUALITY
3. PLACE - ‘INVENT A GAME’ ARTWORK<br />
Invent a Game...
4. SAFETY
94%<br />
The<br />
of residents surveyed think that<br />
traffic speed has been reduced<br />
Street Design <strong>project</strong> aimed to make <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> safer. Elsewhere<br />
this has often been achieved through putting up railings and barriers, but<br />
here, contemporary <strong>design</strong> principles in line with Designing Streets (Scottish<br />
Government, 2010) were adopted to balance vehicle access with pedestrian<br />
and cyclist movements in a way that enhanced the quality of the <strong>street</strong><br />
enviornment.<br />
Daily average speed of traffic<br />
has reduced by<br />
2 mph<br />
This colour surface treatment<br />
is a cost-effective solution to<br />
strongly indicate to motorists<br />
that there is an important route<br />
traversing the roadspace.<br />
Drivers perceive that the road<br />
has been narrowed due to the<br />
marking of parking spaces<br />
on the previously undefined<br />
surface. This, along with<br />
marked crossing points has<br />
created an enviornment where<br />
pedestrians do not feel as<br />
intimidated by moving vehicles.<br />
Marking parking spaces out also<br />
creates a subtle chicane effect<br />
that is accentuated at busy<br />
times when cars are parked in<br />
those spaces.<br />
This, along with the 20 m.p.h.<br />
speed limit, helps to further slow<br />
down traffic.<br />
4. SAFETY - SPEED OF TRAFFIC
94%<br />
of residents surveyed think the<br />
<strong>street</strong> is pedestrian friendly<br />
compared to<br />
50%<br />
before the <strong>project</strong>.<br />
“<br />
The problem was the cars<br />
were just zooming into the<br />
<strong>street</strong><br />
”<br />
- Resident<br />
A raised crossing at the mouth<br />
of <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> gives a sense<br />
of safety to what is otherwise a<br />
very wide crossing.<br />
83%<br />
of residents surveyed think the<br />
<strong>street</strong> is safe for children to<br />
play compared to<br />
28%<br />
before the <strong>project</strong>.<br />
A renewal of some existing<br />
infrastructure has replaced<br />
decaying surfaces with smooth<br />
new ones. The Street Design<br />
<strong>project</strong> will have future benefits<br />
due to the renewal of ageing<br />
materials.<br />
A raised table makes<br />
pedestrians appear taller; this<br />
is especially important near a<br />
school with young children. The<br />
table also makes accesibility<br />
easier for disabled people and<br />
buggies or scooters. The ramps<br />
either side of the table also slow<br />
vehicles down to a crawl.<br />
Residents can come together<br />
and socialise in a people friendly<br />
<strong>street</strong>. An improvement in the<br />
quality, colour, greenery and<br />
the layout of the <strong>street</strong> beckon<br />
people to go out and enjoy the<br />
fresh air - especially when the<br />
weather is good!<br />
4. SAFETY - PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLINESS
5. MOVEMENT
“<br />
I’ve seen more people<br />
cycling and walking now<br />
”<br />
- Resident<br />
There are many factors that influence whether people choose to walk and<br />
cycle. One thing that does not change is that getting around under your own<br />
steam is good for your health and better for the enviornment. Street Design<br />
has created the opportunity for people to travel actively and addressed many<br />
of the factors that influence their choice of transport.<br />
53%<br />
of residents surveyed think that<br />
the amount of traffic has been<br />
reduced<br />
Children who are active and<br />
healthy are more likely to<br />
become adults who are active<br />
and healthy.<br />
The school journey appears<br />
calmer and lower risk than it<br />
used to be. Parents that do<br />
drive feel safer dropping their<br />
children off further away from<br />
the school in the knowledge<br />
that <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> is safe for<br />
them to walk through without<br />
close adult supervision.<br />
The <strong>street</strong> now provides an<br />
engaging environment for<br />
people. This encourages<br />
children to arrive at school<br />
feeling refreshed, inspired and<br />
calm as well as sending them<br />
off at the end of the day feeling<br />
good.<br />
5. MOVEMENT - VOLUME OF TRAFFIC
Modal share of child cyclists<br />
travelling to and from the<br />
school<br />
8%<br />
The opening events took place on a<br />
Friday and Saturday in June; residents,<br />
council staff, school children and many<br />
others came together to celebrate the<br />
completion of the <strong>Cockmuir</strong> <strong>Place</strong> Street<br />
Design Project.<br />
“<br />
It is much safer for people<br />
to walk and bike to school<br />
because of the paths being<br />
wider...<br />
”<br />
- Pupil<br />
Modal share of motorised<br />
traffic travelling to and from<br />
school<br />
2%<br />
5. MOVEMENT - CYCLING
6. SUMMARY
Community<br />
Involvement<br />
Community<br />
Involvement<br />
Working in<br />
Partnership<br />
Being local meant being<br />
accessible to the residents that<br />
we were working with.<br />
The <strong>project</strong> team were able to<br />
get to know individuals and<br />
understand their needs and<br />
wishes.<br />
They were available to meet<br />
people and respond quickly to<br />
ideas and problems.<br />
The community were not just<br />
accepting but also welcoming<br />
of the changes. By being<br />
involved with the decision<br />
making and <strong>design</strong> process,<br />
residents took ownership for<br />
the <strong>design</strong> and have since<br />
taken on the maintainance of<br />
planters in the <strong>street</strong>.<br />
With inclusivity as a core value,<br />
substantial effort was put into<br />
making sure that everybody was<br />
invited, included and updated<br />
in all of the public sessions and<br />
<strong>street</strong> events. Where people<br />
were unable to attend, we were<br />
able to visit homes and talk to<br />
residents, on the phone and face<br />
to face.<br />
Being<br />
Working in<br />
Partnership<br />
Local<br />
A <strong>project</strong> officer employed<br />
by <strong>Sustrans</strong> worked directly<br />
with the transport department<br />
in Elgin for 20 months. The<br />
process was a positive learning<br />
experience for both <strong>Sustrans</strong><br />
and The Moray Council.<br />
Working within the council<br />
made decisions that affected<br />
several departments easier to<br />
work through.<br />
The challenge was to develop<br />
a <strong>design</strong> that addressed the<br />
residents’ wishes while being<br />
sensitive to the maintainance<br />
burden on the council. By<br />
working within the council,<br />
a <strong>design</strong> was reached that<br />
maximised value for money<br />
during the build and into the<br />
future.<br />
The technical <strong>design</strong> was drawn<br />
up by the council’s in-house<br />
consultancy team and built<br />
by the council’s Direct Labour<br />
Organisation, ensuring the<br />
<strong>project</strong> was delivered to a tight<br />
schedule.<br />
6. SUMMARY
<strong>Sustrans</strong> works with local authorities and people<br />
to create beautiful <strong>design</strong>s that improve the<br />
safety, sociability and aesthetic appeal of places.<br />
If you are interested in finding out more about<br />
our work, please contact:<br />
Paul Ruffles<br />
Street Design<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> Scotland<br />
Rosebery House<br />
9 Haymarket Terrace<br />
EDINBURGH<br />
EH12 5EZ<br />
t: (0131) 346 9779<br />
e: paul.ruffles@sustrans.org.uk<br />
Findings in this <strong>report</strong> are based upon household<br />
survey data, speed and volume traffic data and<br />
manual count data, collected pre and post <strong>project</strong>.<br />
For further details, please contact:<br />
<strong>Sustrans</strong> Research and Monitoring Unit<br />
Cross House<br />
Westgate Road<br />
Newcastle Upon Tyne<br />
NE1 4XX<br />
t: 0191 269 9370<br />
e: monitoring@sustrans.org.uk