MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA
MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA
MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA
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7 Presentation of the institutional framework<br />
7 Presentation of the institutional framework<br />
7.1 How to organise the water sector in the future<br />
This sub-chapter presents the main ideas of the National Water and Sewerage Sector Strategy 2011 - 2017<br />
and the so called Masterplan for the sector, that is still not finished.<br />
7.1.1 National WSS Sector Strategy 2011-2017 and strategy for rural<br />
areas<br />
In 2001, a “Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Strategy” (RWSS) was prepared with the help of World Bank<br />
and got approved in 2003, together witha national strategy paper for the water and wastewater sector,<br />
containing the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) number 10 (to half the population without access to<br />
water and sanitation). Both documents were approved by the Council of Ministers.<br />
The RWSS paper describes the situation in rural areas and shows the connection between poverty and lack<br />
of water supply and sanitation (WSS) services. The paper distinguishes between urban and rural areas,<br />
where urban referrs to the municipalities and rural to the communes. This definition was not the best<br />
concerning number of population and population density and should be improved in the future. Further the<br />
paper states that main emphasis in rural areas is put on water supply and not on piped sewerage systems.<br />
The sanitation component is reduced to the protection of the water source (Blaschke et al. 2011). Even<br />
though the paper is from 2003, not that much has changed in the priority setting in rural areas, sanitation is<br />
still not focussed on by the national institutions.<br />
The National Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Strategy (NWSS) paper was reviewed in 2007 and replaced<br />
in 2011, covering the planning period from 2011 to 2017. This actual document contains “a new approach<br />
to address sector reforms by defining clear strategic goals” and assigns governmental institutions to<br />
elaborate detailed action plans. Goals will be measurable by using performance indicators that can be<br />
monitored by the Monitoring and Benchmarking Unit (M&B Unit) of the GDWSS (Blaschke et al. 2011).<br />
The five main objectives of the National WWS Sector Strategy are summarised in the chapter 2 – „Vision,<br />
Mission and Priority Objectives“ of the strategy paper and are the following (MPWT 2011):<br />
• Expand and improve the quality of water supply and sewerage service.<br />
• Orient the water utilities towards principles of cost control and full cost recovery.<br />
• Improve governance and regulation in the sector.<br />
• Invest in enhancing the capacities of the sector work force.<br />
• Move towards convergence of Albanian law with EU water directives.<br />
The consideration that are relevant for the regulatory or institutional field in order to reach the aims can be<br />
summarised as (MPWT 2011):<br />
• Strengthening of the WRA and expanding its activities.<br />
• Strengthening of the GDWA (General Directorate of Water Administration that is included in the<br />
MoEFWA).<br />
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