MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA

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6 Site visits and interviews with local stakeholders • Lin: Very dense village close to the Ohrid lake. Therefore, sanitation is an important issue. Village can be recommended for further investigation. The density of the village and the fact that the main street is just recently new constructed can cause problems if a sewer system shall be constructed. • Perlat, Hamallë and Rrushkull: In general, all the three villages would be appropriate for the implementation of a small or medium size wastewater treatment plant. At the moment, the municipality finances open sewers on their own financial means. This shows that the municipality is taking care of the wastewater problematic. Commitment of the municipality and some funding seems to be be available and villages are recommended for further investigation. The municipality employs several urban planners that are looking for solutions for the whole area of the municipality. Perlat has the most preferred number of inhabitants that counts less than 2,000 PE. • Liqenas: Commitment of mayor is given. Village is dense enough for a sewerage system and land for a treatment plant seems to be available, but it needs to be checked if flooding can occur in the area. Village can be highly recommended for further investigation. Another aspect for the selection of the village would be that the area is under protection (Prespa National Park). • Headquarter, school and restaurants in the Prespa National Park: A project for these facilities would have the advantage, that responsibilities are clear or could be clarified and that funding and land will be available. Commitment is ensured, sites can be recommended for further investigation. But site is not a typical rural area to show how sanitation can work in a village. Protection of the park would be a positiv result of a sanitation project. 83
7 Presentation of the institutional framework 7 Presentation of the institutional framework 7.1 How to organise the water sector in the future This sub-chapter presents the main ideas of the National Water and Sewerage Sector Strategy 2011 - 2017 and the so called Masterplan for the sector, that is still not finished. 7.1.1 National WSS Sector Strategy 2011-2017 and strategy for rural areas In 2001, a “Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Strategy” (RWSS) was prepared with the help of World Bank and got approved in 2003, together witha national strategy paper for the water and wastewater sector, containing the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) number 10 (to half the population without access to water and sanitation). Both documents were approved by the Council of Ministers. The RWSS paper describes the situation in rural areas and shows the connection between poverty and lack of water supply and sanitation (WSS) services. The paper distinguishes between urban and rural areas, where urban referrs to the municipalities and rural to the communes. This definition was not the best concerning number of population and population density and should be improved in the future. Further the paper states that main emphasis in rural areas is put on water supply and not on piped sewerage systems. The sanitation component is reduced to the protection of the water source (Blaschke et al. 2011). Even though the paper is from 2003, not that much has changed in the priority setting in rural areas, sanitation is still not focussed on by the national institutions. The National Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Strategy (NWSS) paper was reviewed in 2007 and replaced in 2011, covering the planning period from 2011 to 2017. This actual document contains “a new approach to address sector reforms by defining clear strategic goals” and assigns governmental institutions to elaborate detailed action plans. Goals will be measurable by using performance indicators that can be monitored by the Monitoring and Benchmarking Unit (M&B Unit) of the GDWSS (Blaschke et al. 2011). The five main objectives of the National WWS Sector Strategy are summarised in the chapter 2 – „Vision, Mission and Priority Objectives“ of the strategy paper and are the following (MPWT 2011): • Expand and improve the quality of water supply and sewerage service. • Orient the water utilities towards principles of cost control and full cost recovery. • Improve governance and regulation in the sector. • Invest in enhancing the capacities of the sector work force. • Move towards convergence of Albanian law with EU water directives. The consideration that are relevant for the regulatory or institutional field in order to reach the aims can be summarised as (MPWT 2011): • Strengthening of the WRA and expanding its activities. • Strengthening of the GDWA (General Directorate of Water Administration that is included in the MoEFWA). 84
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MASTER'S THESIS UIM/2011/7
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1 Problem Statement / Background At
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Bauhaus-University Weimar FACULTY O
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UNECE VF WB WFD WHO WRA WSP WSS WSS
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Table of content Preface...........
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5.3 Other constructed wetland plant
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MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA

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