MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA

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5 Learning from already implemented CWs (in Albania and the Balkan region) methodologies for the natural depuration of wastewater, adopted in the Municipality of Narta”. The example of Narta shows clearly the big mismatch of policy/law and reality and the uncoordinated way of implementing projects to promote new technologies. Urban planning that covers a bigger area and not only a project area is often still missing in Albania. Even so many different stakeholders have been involved the project totally failed. 5.3.2 CW for nutrient reduction Tirana River In the North of Tirana at the Tirana River a so called constructed wetland for nutrient reduction was constructed in 2009/2010 with the support of the Living Water Exchange and started operation in summer 2010. The plant was built as a research plant, financed by the Global Environmental Fond (GEF) (38,569 US$) and co-financed from the City of Tirana, the Institute for Environmental Policy and others (21,516 US$). Total costs were about 60,085 US$ (LWE 2011). According to the drawings in the publication (Miho et al. 2010), the plant was constructed as a concrete basin planted with aquatic plants and having an inlet and an outlet pipe. No filter bed and no distribution system are visible. It is not very clear how the plant is working. The picture and the drawing are not very clear. For example, the separation walls have a different hight on the picture and the drawing and it is not obvious where exactly the water is flowing. Figure 5.10: Scheme of the research plant at Tirana River (Miho et al. 2010) The aim of the plant was to reduce nutrients before wastewater and runoff is lead into the Lana River. After a first test it was stated by the operators that the effluent quality is not satisfying because the hydraulic load was too big ((LWE 2011); (Johnson 2011)). Additional information was gained by e-mail with the contact person Edvin Pacara from the Institute for Environmental Policy. He stated that the plant is functioning since summer 2010. Originally, the Institute for Environmental Policy (IEP) and the municipality of Tirana were supposed to be responsible for the plant but after elections and the change of the mayor of Tirana the municipality is not interested in the plant any longer. There is no staff available for maintenance and the research team is doing site visits every three to four months. Last visit was in September 2011, just before the mentioned e-mail contact. 67
5 Learning from already implemented CWs (in Albania and the Balkan region) Figure 5.11: Picture of the new constructed research plant at Tirana River (LWE 2011) Figure 5.12: Construction side of the research plant at Tirana River (LWE 2011) According to (Gjinali 2011,c), planning and construction of the plant happened without involvement of municipality and other stakeholders. The site is located in a slum area and according to her, the construction happened without official permission (what is doubtable as an official sign of the municipality can be seen on one picture of the project). No values about the amount and the quality of the water discharged into the treatment plant available. Efforts have been done in February 2012 (03.02.2012) together with GIZ driver Gezim Xhemrishi to visit the site, but the only result of the site visit was the finding that the plant does not exist any longer. The area is now crowded by newly built houses that are constructed illegally. As one family living in the area enlarged their garden, they simply filled up the treatment plant. This was affirmed by several people living and working around when asking them about the plant. During the site visit, the immense pollution of the whole river bank was obvious all along the river. Every kind of household waste was lying on the river bank and swimming in the water. This case shows how necessary it is to include all the stakeholders and people living around that area where a (pilot) plant is implemented. Only if people have knowledge about the things going on and accept them such a project can be successful. In this case, most people in the area even did not know what was the purpose of the plant and why they should keep it. This ignorance destroyed a little research project with the costs of more than 60,000 US$. 5.3.3 CW at a prision outside Korça When Martin Wafler visited the utility of Korçë in 2011 with the help of Viola Saliasi, at that time GIZ intern in the “Water Sector Reform” programme, he got the information that there shall be a well-working constructed wetland located at a prison of Korçë. According to a phone call in December 2011 with Linda Ibrahimllari from the utility in Korçë, the plant is not under the utility and therefore information is rare. It was probably built by a Swiss or Austrian company, but no information available about the operation and maintenance of the plant. According to the Swiss cooperation office in Albania (E-mail contact with SCO in 2012), the plant was built by KfW, but this could not be affirmed by KfW. It was not possible to visit or even just to allocate the plant. This case shows the typical difficulties to get necessary information in the Albanian water and wastewater sector. 68
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MASTER'S THESIS UIM/2011/7
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1 Problem Statement / Background At
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Bauhaus-University Weimar FACULTY O
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List of Abbreviations ADA ADF ALL A
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UNECE VF WB WFD WHO WRA WSP WSS WSS
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Table of content Preface...........
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5.3 Other constructed wetland plant
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Figure 5.15: Design of small size C
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1 Introduction 1.3 Milestones After
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2 Methodology • Edvin Pacara from
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2 Methodology interview as the auth
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3 Background information Albania 3.
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MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA

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