MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA

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4 Presentation of technologies for rural areas 4.4 Summary of presented technologies This sub-chapter will give a short overview over the purpose of the presented technology, the possible combination of the technologies as well as the appropriateness for rural areas in Albania. 4.4.1 Overview over use of solutions Table 4.2 presents the use of the above described technologies. It shall be possible to get a fast overview over the purpose that the technology is used for (collection, transport, pre-treatment, treatment, sludge treatment and wastewater discharge). “X” indicates the purpose of the technology. “(X)” for some technologies in the row “sludge treatment” indicates that the technology is not a solution for sludge treatment, but at least some sludge stabilisation takes place. The last row “on-site solution” indicates which of the technical components is suitable for on-site use. Table 4.2: Overview over the use of wastewater treatment technology Technology / component Collection Transport Pretreatment Treatment Sludge treatment WW discharge On-site solution Simple pit X X X Conventional septic tank Anaerobis baffled reactor (ABR) / Baffled septic tank X X (X) (X) X X X (X) (X) X Imhoff tank X X (X) (X) X Conventional sewer system (CSS) Separate Sewer Solid free sewer (SFS)/ Small bore sewer (SBS) Sucking vehicle X X X X Constructed wetlands (CW) Trickling Filter (TF) Rotating biological contactors (RBC) X X X X 43
4 Presentation of technologies for rural areas Ponds /lagoons X X – settlement ponds – WSP – aerated ponds X X X X (X) Oxidation dich X Anaerobic filter X (X) X UASB X (x) Activated sludge X Sedimentation/ Thickening pond Unplanted drying bed X X Planted drying bed X X (Co-)Composting X X Irrigation system, drainage, leach fields X X Soak pit X X As presented technologies serve different purposes like collection, transport or treatment, an useful and appropriate combination has to be found for each site. Transport of wastewater and sludge is not necessary if treatment takes place on site. Some common combinations of the presented technologies or wastewater treatment components are the following: On-site: • Septic tank + soak pit/ leach field • Imhoff tank + constructed wetlands + sludge drying beds Centralised: • Septic tank + small bore sewer + centralised treatment plant • Conventional sewer system + centralised treatment plant 44
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MASTER'S THESIS UIM/2011/7
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1 Problem Statement / Background At
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Bauhaus-University Weimar FACULTY O
Page 7 and 8: List of Abbreviations ADA ADF ALL A
Page 9 and 10: UNECE VF WB WFD WHO WRA WSP WSS WSS
Page 11 and 12: Table of content Preface...........
Page 13 and 14: 5.3 Other constructed wetland plant
Page 15 and 16: Figure 5.15: Design of small size C
Page 17 and 18: 1 Introduction 1.3 Milestones After
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7 Presentation of the institutional
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8 Development of a guideline for th
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9 Conclusion 9 Conclusion At the pr
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List of sources (EG 1991): (Engelma
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List of sources (Nowak 2010,a): (No
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List of sources (WRA 1996): (WRA 20
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Selbständigkeitserklärung Hiermit
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APPENDIX A - Bill of quantities for
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3.1.4 Dam partly surrounding the fi
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4.3.6 4.3.7 4.3.8 PE-pressure pipe
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APPENDIX B - Interview guidelines a
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APPENDIX C - Site visits 1 Site vis
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APPENDIX C - Site visits People are
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APPENDIX C - Site visits Figure C.1
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APPENDIX C - Site visits 4.3 Result
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MASTER'S THESIS - SuSanA

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