Trade Policy Note Final-rev08 - Development

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Acknowledgements My special thanks go to Kamal Malhotra for his inputs and constant support , and particularly his contributions to Sections III and IV. I am also particularly grateful to Joseph Stiglitz for his valuable coments which have been incorporated to the extent possible. Furthermore, I would like to thank Lamin Manneh, Sebastian Matthew, Yilmaz Akyuz, Carlos Correa and the UNDP Geneva Trade and Human Development Unit staff for their comments on an earlier draft. I also wish to thank Margherita Musollino for the research assistance provided. DESA gratefully acknowledges the financial support of UNDP for the project to produce this note. New York, June 2007 Copyright © United Nations DESA This Policy Note aims to foster consideration and discussion of policy options in the preparation of National Development Strategies. The analyses, assessments and data have been prepared by the authors and revised in response to feedback from various reviewers. They do not necessarily represent the views of UN DESA, and appropriate credit should be given to the author for citation purposes. 2
Preface The outcome document of the 2005 United Nations World Summit called on countries to prepare national development strategies, taking into account the international development goals agreed in the various United Nations Summits and Conferences of the past two decades. In order to assist countries in this task, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) commissioned a series of notes for policy-makers and policy-shapers both in the government and civil society, in major and interconnected areas relevant to the formulation of national development strategies: macroeconomic and growth policies, trade policy, investment and technology policies, financial policies, social policy and state-owned enterprise reform. The preparation of the notes received generous funding in part from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Colleagues from UNDP also provided helpful suggestions for and comments on the notes. The policy notes, authored by experts in these fields, draw on the experience and dialogues of the United Nations in the economic and social areas, complemented by outside knowledge. The notes provide concrete suggestions on the means to achieve at the national level, the internationally-agreed development goals synthesized in the United Nations Development Agenda. The policy notes are intended to provide those at the country level who shape and set policies, with a range of possible alternatives to the standard policy solutions that have prevailed over the past two decades, rather than to prescribe any single course of action. The notes serve to help countries take advantage of and expand their policy space - their effective room for maneuver in formulating and integrating national economic, social, and environmental policies. I encourage readers to see these notes as complementary inputs into the debate at the country level on development challenges faced and the policies needed to meet them. The issues chosen are vital pieces of the policy mosaic that underlies national development strategies, which are ultimately geared to achieving sustained economic growth with social inclusion and environmental protection. José Antonio Ocampo Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs United Nations New York, June 2007 3
Page 1: NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES POL
Page 5 and 6: A “New Generation” of Bilateral
Page 7 and 8: TNCs TRIMs TRIPS TRQ UNCTAD UNESCO
Page 9 and 10: The case and options for widening t
Page 11 and 12: outcomes are less clear. Moreover,
Page 13 and 14: countries struggle to ensure that t
Page 15 and 16: Goal B : to empower people to becom
Page 17 and 18: Tigers), has not followed the Brett
Page 19 and 20: III. TARIFFS AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY
Page 21 and 22: across the board tariff bindings. F
Page 23 and 24: Such tariff policy should ensure th
Page 25 and 26: Export duties can also be an elemen
Page 27 and 28: IV. EXPORTS AND POVERTY Can develop
Page 29 and 30: Increase Productivity Exports shoul
Page 31 and 32: Box 14: Export Policies and WTO and
Page 33 and 34: percent of domestic consumption) wa
Page 35 and 36: developing countries with a few not
Page 37 and 38: Different products emerge at the to
Page 39 and 40: safeguard measures on agricultural
Page 41 and 42: suppliers in the domestic market fo
Page 43 and 44: Investment Policy is Central to Tra
Page 45 and 46: water and sanitation. Sustainabilit
Page 47 and 48: traditionally done in trade in good
Page 49 and 50: Mode 1 service exports, often terme
Page 51 and 52: It is now incumbent on developing c
Page 53 and 54:
commercial value to their tradition
Page 55 and 56:
The Proliferation of FTAs Over rece
Page 57 and 58:
services liberalization in these ag
Page 59 and 60:
copyright protection may be extende
Page 61 and 62:
(q) SPS and TBT. Within the framewo
Page 63 and 64:
Market Access Even after the abolit
Page 65 and 66:
were established almost exclusively
Page 67 and 68:
Annex 3B: Fisheries, Putting the pr
Page 69 and 70:
also enshrined in the Code of Condu
Page 71 and 72:
poorest people. 140 Governments in
Page 73 and 74:
Annex 5B: Energy services Attainmen
Page 75 and 76:
Box 25: Strategies for Strengthenin
Page 77 and 78:
On the contrary, a sharp decline ha
Page 79 and 80:
small farmers find themselves left
Page 81 and 82:
A number of developing countries ar
Page 83 and 84:
Commission on Intellectual Property
Page 85 and 86:
Mathew, Sebastian (2003). Trade in
Page 87 and 88:
UNDP (2005). Human Development Repo
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