Trade Policy Note Final-rev08 - Development
Trade Policy Note Final-rev08 - Development
Trade Policy Note Final-rev08 - Development
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- bound, duty- and quota-free access to developed country markets for all (not just<br />
97%) exports of LDCs, i.e. including textiles and clothing; and duty-free access to<br />
developed country markets in other sectors of key export interest to developing<br />
countries;<br />
- tighter multilateral rules on resort to contingency trade measures affecting exports<br />
(e.g. to introduce more stringent disciplines in resort to anti-dumping duties<br />
against developing country exports, and measures to reduce the impact of such<br />
duties when applied) ;<br />
- improved access under Mode 4 of GATS for movement of service suppliers in<br />
occupations of export interest to developing countries, and the protection of<br />
traditional knowledge and prevention of bio-piracy for exported products (e.g.<br />
GIs)<br />
Box 5: <strong>Trade</strong> Negotiations and Human <strong>Development</strong><br />
The UNDP Asia Pacific Initiative on <strong>Trade</strong>, Human <strong>Development</strong> and Economic Governance<br />
took on the task, (in 2002), of assessing the impact of various potential outcomes of trade<br />
negotiations on human development. The conduct of such analysis required at least a working<br />
definition of human development as applied to trade. The Asia <strong>Trade</strong> Initiative examined the<br />
literature on human development and identified four central components against which trade<br />
outcomes could be assessed, focusing on selected areas of trade negotiations for which the<br />
outcome could be expected to impact on a large number of people, particularly poor people (<br />
agriculture, fisheries, MNP, energy services, environmental services ,investment, TRIPs, and<br />
textiles and clothing as well as the WTO plus provisions of FTAs ). Each trade measure<br />
proposed in the negotiations was assessed against whether it (a) would enhance the<br />
empowerment of poor people, i.e. would they gain more ability to shape the processes and<br />
events that affect their lives, (b) would permit poorer people to increase their productivity so<br />
as to enable them to compete in a globalised world economy, including through open and<br />
secure access for their exports, (c) would contribute to equity through increasing<br />
opportunities for those disadvantaged segments of the population (e.g. isolated regions,<br />
women, minority en ethnic groups), including through their access to vital services and (d)<br />
would be sustainable, in the sense that the measures could be implemented without entailing<br />
welfare losses for poorer groups of the population or future generations.<br />
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