Application of Vitrinite Reflectance to the Woodford Gas-Shale Play ...
Application of Vitrinite Reflectance to the Woodford Gas-Shale Play ...
Application of Vitrinite Reflectance to the Woodford Gas-Shale Play ...
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AAPG Mid-Continent Oc<strong>to</strong>ber 12, 2009<br />
Section Meeting<br />
<strong>Application</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Vitrinite</strong><br />
<strong>Reflectance</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Gas</strong>-<strong>Shale</strong> <strong>Play</strong><br />
in Oklahoma<br />
Brian J. Cardott<br />
Oklahoma Geological<br />
Survey
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Gas</strong>-<strong>Shale</strong> Wells<br />
Completed 2003–2009<br />
1,259 Wells<br />
14 Caney/<strong>Woodford</strong><br />
11 Sycamore/<strong>Woodford</strong><br />
293 Vertical <strong>Woodford</strong><br />
940 Horizontal/Directional<br />
<strong>Woodford</strong> (75%)<br />
1 Sylvan/<strong>Woodford</strong>
Geologic Provinces <strong>of</strong> Oklahoma<br />
Northcutt and Campbell, 1995
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Gas</strong>-<strong>Shale</strong> Wells<br />
Completed 2003–2009
Isopach Map <strong>of</strong> <strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong><br />
From Comer, 1992
Hydrocarbon<br />
generation depends on<br />
type, quantity, and<br />
<strong>the</strong>rmal maturity<br />
<strong>of</strong> organic matter<br />
(kerogen)
What is <strong>Vitrinite</strong><br />
and <strong>Vitrinite</strong><br />
<strong>Reflectance</strong>?
<strong>Vitrinite</strong> is a coal<br />
maceral (organic)<br />
derived from <strong>the</strong> cell<br />
wall material or woody<br />
tissues <strong>of</strong> vascular<br />
plants (post Silurian)
<strong>Vitrinite</strong> <strong>Reflectance</strong> (%Ro) is a<br />
measurement <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> percentage<br />
<strong>of</strong> light reflected <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong><br />
vitrinite maceral at high (500X)<br />
magnification in oil immersion<br />
(average <strong>of</strong> many values)
Hydrocarbon Source Rocks<br />
PEAK OIL GENERATION<br />
OIL FLOOR<br />
PEAK WET GAS GENERATION<br />
PEAK DRY GAS GENERATION<br />
WET GAS FLOOR<br />
DRY GAS GENERATION LIMIT<br />
DRY GAS PRESERVATION LIMIT<br />
Modified from Dow<br />
(1977), Houseknecht<br />
and Spötl (1993),<br />
Taylor and o<strong>the</strong>rs<br />
(1998), Lewan (2002)
Guidelines for <strong>the</strong> Barnett <strong>Shale</strong><br />
(Based on Rock-Eval Pyrolysis)<br />
VRo Values<br />
Maturity<br />
1.40% Dry-<strong>Gas</strong> Window<br />
From Jarvie and o<strong>the</strong>rs, 2005
Eastern Oklahoma<br />
Distribution<br />
<strong>of</strong> 112<br />
<strong>Woodford</strong><br />
<strong>Shale</strong><br />
samples with<br />
vitrinitereflectance<br />
data<br />
Cardott, in<br />
preparation
Isoreflectance Map <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong> in<br />
Eastern Oklahoma (Updated Oc<strong>to</strong>ber 2009)<br />
PETRA 10/6/2009 3:10:12 PM<br />
0.57<br />
0.51<br />
0.67<br />
0.59<br />
0.6<br />
0.72<br />
0.57<br />
0.56<br />
0.56<br />
1.07<br />
0.64<br />
0.64<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1.03<br />
0.9<br />
2<br />
2.29<br />
1.31<br />
0.56 1.61<br />
1.56<br />
0.82<br />
1<br />
0.94<br />
3<br />
2<br />
CHOCTAW FAULT<br />
MISSISSIPPIAN<br />
& OLDER<br />
OUTCROP<br />
AREA<br />
0.54<br />
0.74<br />
0.57<br />
1<br />
1.87<br />
2.26 2.25<br />
0.49<br />
1.73<br />
0.86<br />
1.98<br />
1.79<br />
1.91<br />
2.81 3.47<br />
1.05<br />
0.5<br />
0.52<br />
1.37<br />
0.77<br />
1.23 1.88<br />
2.4 3.46<br />
0.5<br />
0.83<br />
2 2.09<br />
2.48<br />
3.36<br />
1.14 1.69<br />
2.44 3.44<br />
1.66<br />
2.8<br />
0.5 0.58<br />
3.19<br />
4.85<br />
1.45 4.76<br />
1.23 1.88 2.31 3.04 3.14<br />
0.59<br />
0.79<br />
3.32<br />
1.62 1.88<br />
3.41<br />
5.28<br />
0.51<br />
2.51 2.9 2.94 3.6 3.4<br />
0.64<br />
0.57<br />
1.2<br />
0.62<br />
1.12<br />
2.85<br />
0.580.57<br />
2.53<br />
2.55<br />
0.63 6.36<br />
1.15 1.89 2.52 2.69<br />
1.83 2.01 0.52<br />
0.55 0.792.55<br />
0.52<br />
0.59<br />
1.58 2.56<br />
0.5 0.78<br />
1 2.19<br />
0.56<br />
0.86<br />
0.98<br />
0.94<br />
4<br />
Mississippian and<br />
Older Outcrop Area<br />
(different than<br />
Ozark Uplift<br />
Province boundary)<br />
Map prepared by<br />
R. Vance Hall<br />
using Petra<br />
Cardott, in<br />
preparation<br />
1.26
<strong>Woodford</strong><br />
<strong>Shale</strong><br />
Structure &<br />
<strong>Vitrinite</strong><br />
Isoreflectance<br />
Map<br />
1<br />
2<br />
-5,000<br />
3<br />
4<br />
-10,000<br />
-15,000
<strong>Woodford</strong> Initial Production<br />
on Isoreflectance Map<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3 4
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong> Only Oil/Condensate<br />
Production (149 <strong>of</strong> 1,233 wells; 2005-2009)<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Condensate<br />
940 BBLS<br />
540 BBLS (1 st 3-5<br />
492 BBLS months)
Anadarko Basin<br />
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong><br />
Isoreflectance Map<br />
based on 81 wells<br />
(Cardott, 1989)
Anadarko Basin (2007-2009)<br />
Canadian<br />
Blaine<br />
Caddo<br />
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong><br />
Isoreflectance Map<br />
(Cardott, 1989)
Caddo<br />
14W<br />
13W<br />
12W<br />
11W<br />
10W<br />
9W<br />
8W<br />
Devon Energy<br />
1-11H Ratliff<br />
15N<br />
Canadian<br />
14N<br />
Blaine<br />
Initial Production<br />
13N<br />
12N<br />
11N
14W<br />
13W<br />
12W<br />
11W<br />
10W<br />
9W<br />
8W<br />
Produced<br />
Liquids<br />
15N<br />
Canadian<br />
14N<br />
Devon Energy<br />
1-11H Ratliff<br />
Blaine<br />
13N<br />
Caddo<br />
12N<br />
11N
Anadarko Basin API<br />
(2007-2009)<br />
Canadian<br />
Blaine<br />
Caddo<br />
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong><br />
Isoreflectance Map<br />
(Cardott, 1989)
Devon Energy 1-11 Ratliff<br />
(11-13N-10W; Canadian Co.)<br />
172 MMcf<br />
2,826 BBls<br />
IP: 6,601 Mcfd, 105 Bopd<br />
Cum: 1.25 Bcf (ave 3.4 MMcfd),<br />
14,502 BBls condensate
Structure and <strong>Vitrinite</strong> <strong>Reflectance</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong>, Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Oklahoma<br />
0.61 0.66<br />
0.58<br />
0.63<br />
0.55<br />
0.60<br />
0.55<br />
0.56<br />
0.82<br />
0.58<br />
0.49<br />
0.58<br />
0.69<br />
0.50 0.50<br />
0.64<br />
0.70<br />
0.49<br />
0.77<br />
2.13<br />
2.19<br />
0.52<br />
0.49 2.22<br />
0.56 2.45<br />
0.54<br />
0.52<br />
0.56<br />
0.63 0.58<br />
0.53<br />
0.55<br />
0.55<br />
Cardott, in preparation
Depth (feet)<br />
Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Oklahoma VRo vs Depth<br />
<strong>Vitrinite</strong> <strong>Reflectance</strong> (%Ro)<br />
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00<br />
0<br />
2,000<br />
4,000<br />
6,000<br />
8,000<br />
10,000<br />
12,000<br />
14,000<br />
16,000<br />
18,000<br />
20,000
Ardmore Basin <strong>Woodford</strong><br />
(2005-2009)<br />
Carter<br />
Johns<strong>to</strong>n<br />
Marshall<br />
Bryan
Ardmore Basin <strong>Woodford</strong><br />
(2005-2009)<br />
Carter<br />
Johns<strong>to</strong>n<br />
Marshall<br />
Bryan
Ardmore Basin<br />
Initial Production<br />
Johns<strong>to</strong>n<br />
Carter<br />
Marshall<br />
Bryan
Ardmore Basin<br />
(<strong>Woodford</strong>-Only Production)<br />
Carter<br />
Johns<strong>to</strong>n<br />
Marshall<br />
Bryan
NE OK <strong>Woodford</strong> Initial<br />
Production on Isoreflectance Map<br />
0.6<br />
0.8<br />
1.0<br />
1.2<br />
2.0
NE OK <strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong>-Only Production<br />
0.8<br />
0.6<br />
Some Biogenic<br />
Methane (note<br />
outcrop)<br />
Cum 192 MMcfg,<br />
10,422 Bo<br />
1.0<br />
1.2<br />
2.0
SUMMARY OF WOODFORD GAS SHALE PLAY<br />
‣Main <strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong> gas play is in eastern Oklahoma at<br />
>1.15% Ro<br />
‣<strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong> gas play in Anadarko Basin shelf @1.2-<br />
1.5% Ro<br />
‣Some <strong>Woodford</strong> <strong>Shale</strong> gas potential is in sou<strong>the</strong>rn and<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>astern Oklahoma at
http://www.ogs.ou.edu<br />
For more information,<br />
please visit <strong>the</strong><br />
Oklahoma Geological<br />
Survey Web Site