Boyer diss 2009 1046..
Boyer diss 2009 1046.. Boyer diss 2009 1046..
indices of a sample of M 2 ’s of P. cookei, P. tricuspidens, and Pl. daubrei shows significant among-taxon variance (df = 2, F = 26.6, P
Lower premolar molarization As indicated in the description, P. cookei has a more molarized P 4 than previously described, which is substantially more molariform than the condition seen in P. tricuspidens (Fig. 3.13D-F). Molarization of premolars is a known correlate of specialization for a more folivorous diet among extant taxa (Gingerich, 1976; Van Valen, 1982; Jernvall et al., 2008). In fact, a molariform P 4 is one of the features cited as reflecting a leafy diet for Pl. daubrei (Gingerich, 1976). As noted above, the molarization of P 4 seems likely to have initiated and progressed in the same way in the lineages leading to P. cookei and Pl. daubrei. Incisor simplification Jepsen (1930) recognized that the lower incisors of P. cookei and Pl. daubrei are similar in lacking a margoconid (Fig. 3.12). However, this is also true of P. tricuspidens. The shared feature of “margoconid absense” by the three taxa has thus been taken as evidence of a close relationship. Gingerich (1976) noted additional similarities between the upper incisors of P. cookei, Pl. russelli, and Pl. daubrei. His points are reiterated here: P. cookei is uniquely similar to Pl. russelli and Pl. daubrei, to the exclusion of P. tricuspidens in its upper central incisor morphology. Specifically, the posteroconid is often (but not always) very reduced in P. cookei, and the apical morphology is much simplified compared to that of P. tricuspidens. Whereas P. tricuspidens has a large anterocone and laterocone, and retains a distinctive mediocone and centroconule, P. cookei has a reduced anterocone and laterocone, and lacks the mediocone and 207
- Page 183 and 184: Figure 2.30. MaPhQ 33y Adapis paris
- Page 185 and 186: Figure 2.31. MNHN CR 126, Plesiadap
- Page 187 and 188: Figure 2.32. SBU MRd-12 Sciurus car
- Page 189 and 190: Figure 2.33. UMMZ 58983 Tupaia glis
- Page 191 and 192: Figure 2.34. Boyer coll. Marmota mo
- Page 193 and 194: Figure 2.35. UMMZ TS13 Lagostomus m
- Page 195 and 196: Figure 2.36. AMNH 41527 Lagostomus
- Page 197 and 198: Figure 2.37. AMNH 185638 Indri indr
- Page 199 and 200: Figure 2.38. USNM 482353 Ignacius c
- Page 201 and 202: Figure 2.39. UM 108207 Acidomomys h
- Page 203 and 204: Figure 2.40. Reconstruction of ples
- Page 205 and 206: CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST
- Page 207 and 208: these species. Changing ecological
- Page 209 and 210: Institutional abbreviations AMNH, A
- Page 211 and 212: Methods of examination and document
- Page 213 and 214: SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY Class MAMMA
- Page 215 and 216: Premaxilla and premaxillary dentiti
- Page 217 and 218: nerve and vessels in life (Fig. 3.5
- Page 219 and 220: identifiable. No ethmoid foramina c
- Page 221 and 222: process is quite large, projecting
- Page 223 and 224: vestibuli. This groove’s point of
- Page 225 and 226: 9: 40). The right side reveals an a
- Page 227 and 228: e seen as a wedge-shaped, rugose de
- Page 229 and 230: process appears as solid bone. Admi
- Page 231 and 232: 16) for P. tricuspidens and Rose (1
- Page 233: DENTAL FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF P.
- Page 237 and 238: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The skull of
- Page 239 and 240: REFERENCES Bloch, J.I., Boyer, D.M.
- Page 241 and 242: TABLES Table 3.1. List of anatomica
- Page 243 and 244: Table 3.2. Anatomical abbreviations
- Page 245 and 246: Table 3.3. Size comparison among pl
- Page 247 and 248: Table 3.4 continued. European plesi
- Page 249 and 250: Figure 3.1. Cranium of Plesiadapis
- Page 251 and 252: Figure 3.3. Right maxillary teeth (
- Page 253 and 254: Figure 3.4. Cranium of Plesiadapis
- Page 255 and 256: Figure 3.5. Cranium of Plesiadapis
- Page 257 and 258: Figure 3.6. Cranium of Plesiadapis
- Page 259 and 260: Figure 3.8. Fragment from right nuc
- Page 261 and 262: Figure 3.9. Right promontorium of P
- Page 263 and 264: Figure 3.10. Cranium of Plesiadapis
- Page 265 and 266: Figure 3.12. Right dentary of Plesi
- Page 267 and 268: Figure 3.14. A, Plot of relief inde
- Page 269 and 270: CHAPTER 4: THE FIRST KNOWN SKELETON
- Page 271 and 272: among plesiadapiforms (e.g., Szalay
- Page 273 and 274: Institutional and collections abbre
- Page 275 and 276: CaL - capitulum (of humerus) antero
- Page 277 and 278: HSV - head shape variable = ln(DEW/
- Page 279 and 280: MSD - mid-shaft dorsoventral or ant
- Page 281 and 282: Ry - ray (as in “digit ray”) S-
- Page 283 and 284: History of descriptive study of the
indices of a sample of M 2 ’s of P. cookei, P. tricuspidens, and Pl. daubrei shows<br />
significant among-taxon variance (df = 2, F = 26.6, P
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