FINAL VERSION FOR APPROVAL - Sdn Bhd - WWF Malaysia

Gunung Stong State Park Preliminary Management Plan
the dry season, while 1998 is an El Nino year and the event of trans-boundary haze from open
burnings in a neighboring country.
According to the DOE, major air pollution sources are from stationary sources like woodbased
industries, rubber and palm-oil mills, quarries, cement plants, tobacco kilns, solid waste
sites and rice-milling factories, though open burnings by villagers and emissions from
transportation are also responsible.
1.5.10 Biodiversity
1.5.10.1 Fauna
With some 60% of her land still under forest cover and, more or less, contiguous with the
remaining forested areas in the Titiwangsa, Tahan, and Eastern Ranges, it is expected that
Kelantan is still relatively rich in wildlife (though apart from the flagship species of tigers,
elephants, there is a paucity of information on population, distribution, and range of other
fauna). A checklist of mammals occurring in the State of Kelantan, totalling 57 species, was
compiled by Pue & Latiff (2005) but this checklist is in need of an update in the light of new
information from more recent surveys (Shaharuddin et al., 2005). Out of the 57 species
reported, seven are in the threatened list, namely the Sumatran rhinoceros (Critically
Endangered), Malayan tapir (Endangered), Asian elephant (Endangered), Malayan tiger
(Endangered), serow (Vulnerable), golden cat (Vulnerable), gaur (Vulnerable) and Asian wild
dog (Vulnerable).
1.5.10.2 Flora
Out of 746 tree species endemic to Peninsular Malaysia compiled by Ng et al. (1990), about
200 species are found in Kelantan and seven species are “hyper-endemics”, i.e. found only in
specific locations in Kelantan and nowhere else. Most of these hyper-endemic species are
located in the south of the State. Kelantan hyper-endemic trees and their locations are as
provided in Table 1.11.
Table 1.11: Hyper-Endemic Trees of Kelantan and Their Localities
No Scientific Name Local Name Location
1. Aleisanthia sylvatica (Rubiaceae) N/A Ulu Kelantan
2. Aporusa isabellina (Euphorbiaceae) Pelangas Sg. Lebir
3. Croton kelantanicus
(Euphorbiaceae)
Cenkian
Sg. Ketil
4. Derris yappii (Leguminosae) Batai Kuala Aring
5. Goniothalamus rotundisepalus
(Annonaceae)
Kenerak Sg. Renong, Chaning, G.
Stong
6. Hederopsis major (Araliaceae) Balai Kuala Aring, Gua Musang
7. Scolopia steenisiana
(Flacourtiaceae)
Rukam
Gua Musang, Bertam
Source: Ng et al. (1990)
There are two species (out of three in Peninsular Malaysia) of the endangered parasitic plant,
the rafflesia, found in the State. Rafflesia cantleyi is located at Kuala Koh (Kelantan portion
of Taman Negara), while the more common R. kerrii can be found in GSSP, Pos Brooke, and
Bt. Jeli Forest Reserve. The distribution of R. kerrii extends into South Thailand.
Of much concern are the limestone hill habitats that harbour calcium-loving species (with
some endemic to limestone only), of which, 57 species have been recorded for Kelantan
(WWF-Malaysia, 1991). They are under threat from land development at the base, quarrying,
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