FINAL VERSION FOR APPROVAL - Sdn Bhd - WWF Malaysia
FINAL VERSION FOR APPROVAL - Sdn Bhd - WWF Malaysia
FINAL VERSION FOR APPROVAL - Sdn Bhd - WWF Malaysia
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Gunung Stong State Park Preliminary Management Plan<br />
the dry season, while 1998 is an El Nino year and the event of trans-boundary haze from open<br />
burnings in a neighboring country.<br />
According to the DOE, major air pollution sources are from stationary sources like woodbased<br />
industries, rubber and palm-oil mills, quarries, cement plants, tobacco kilns, solid waste<br />
sites and rice-milling factories, though open burnings by villagers and emissions from<br />
transportation are also responsible.<br />
1.5.10 Biodiversity<br />
1.5.10.1 Fauna<br />
With some 60% of her land still under forest cover and, more or less, contiguous with the<br />
remaining forested areas in the Titiwangsa, Tahan, and Eastern Ranges, it is expected that<br />
Kelantan is still relatively rich in wildlife (though apart from the flagship species of tigers,<br />
elephants, there is a paucity of information on population, distribution, and range of other<br />
fauna). A checklist of mammals occurring in the State of Kelantan, totalling 57 species, was<br />
compiled by Pue & Latiff (2005) but this checklist is in need of an update in the light of new<br />
information from more recent surveys (Shaharuddin et al., 2005). Out of the 57 species<br />
reported, seven are in the threatened list, namely the Sumatran rhinoceros (Critically<br />
Endangered), Malayan tapir (Endangered), Asian elephant (Endangered), Malayan tiger<br />
(Endangered), serow (Vulnerable), golden cat (Vulnerable), gaur (Vulnerable) and Asian wild<br />
dog (Vulnerable).<br />
1.5.10.2 Flora<br />
Out of 746 tree species endemic to Peninsular <strong>Malaysia</strong> compiled by Ng et al. (1990), about<br />
200 species are found in Kelantan and seven species are “hyper-endemics”, i.e. found only in<br />
specific locations in Kelantan and nowhere else. Most of these hyper-endemic species are<br />
located in the south of the State. Kelantan hyper-endemic trees and their locations are as<br />
provided in Table 1.11.<br />
Table 1.11: Hyper-Endemic Trees of Kelantan and Their Localities<br />
No Scientific Name Local Name Location<br />
1. Aleisanthia sylvatica (Rubiaceae) N/A Ulu Kelantan<br />
2. Aporusa isabellina (Euphorbiaceae) Pelangas Sg. Lebir<br />
3. Croton kelantanicus<br />
(Euphorbiaceae)<br />
Cenkian<br />
Sg. Ketil<br />
4. Derris yappii (Leguminosae) Batai Kuala Aring<br />
5. Goniothalamus rotundisepalus<br />
(Annonaceae)<br />
Kenerak Sg. Renong, Chaning, G.<br />
Stong<br />
6. Hederopsis major (Araliaceae) Balai Kuala Aring, Gua Musang<br />
7. Scolopia steenisiana<br />
(Flacourtiaceae)<br />
Rukam<br />
Gua Musang, Bertam<br />
Source: Ng et al. (1990)<br />
There are two species (out of three in Peninsular <strong>Malaysia</strong>) of the endangered parasitic plant,<br />
the rafflesia, found in the State. Rafflesia cantleyi is located at Kuala Koh (Kelantan portion<br />
of Taman Negara), while the more common R. kerrii can be found in GSSP, Pos Brooke, and<br />
Bt. Jeli Forest Reserve. The distribution of R. kerrii extends into South Thailand.<br />
Of much concern are the limestone hill habitats that harbour calcium-loving species (with<br />
some endemic to limestone only), of which, 57 species have been recorded for Kelantan<br />
(<strong>WWF</strong>-<strong>Malaysia</strong>, 1991). They are under threat from land development at the base, quarrying,<br />
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