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Mary is 25 years old. John is 20 years old. (a) Mary is older than John. (b) Health is more important than money. (c) INCORRECT: May is more old than John. (d) INCORRE~: Health is importantm than money. When we use adjectives (e.g., OM, important) to compare two people or two things, the adjectives have special forms: In (a): we add -er to an adjective, OR In (b): we use more in front of an adjective. The use of -er or mmo is called the COMPARATl FORM. Notice in the examples: than follows the comparative form: oMer than, more important than. ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES WITH ONE S- old cheap older cheaper big bigger I ADJECTIVES THAT P"ettU prettier END IN -Y funnior ADJECTIVES WlTH TWO OR MORE famom importmat more famous more important SYLLABLES interssting more intorastinp Add -er to one-syllable adjectives. Spelling note: if an adjective ends in one vowel and one consonant, double the consonant: birbrgger, fat-fattm, thiwthinnm, hot-hotter. If an adjective ends in y, change the -y to i and add -er. Use more in front of adjectives rhat have two or more syllables (except adjectives that end in -y). IRRBGuLAR COMPARATIVE FORMS good bad far better WOrW fartherlfirther The comparative forms ofgood, bad, and far are irregular. EXERCISE 8: Write the comparative forms for the following ADJECTIVES. 1. old older than 2. small 3. big 4. important 5. easy 6. difficult 7. long 8. heavy 9. sweet 10. expensive 11. hot 12. cheap 13. good 14. bad 15, far 16. lazy MAKING COMPARISONS W 383
EXERCISE 9: Complete the sentences. Use the COMPARATIVE form of the words in italics. 1. comfortable This chair is more comfortable than that chair. 2. large Your apartment is mine. 3. warm It's today yesterday. 4. dark Tom's mustache is ,.*. Don's. 5. imponant Love is money. r.1 6. lazy I'm my roommate. 7. tall My brother is I am.* 8. heavy Iron is wood. 9. d~ficult My physics course is my math course. 10. good Nadia's English is her husband's. 11. lrmg The Nile River is the Mississippi. 12. intelligent A dog is a chicken. 13. good '.-(:. i:: -My wife's cooking is mine. , / ,' 14. bad ,:; ;,-.:. .My cooking is my wife's. 15. short , My little finger is my middle finger. , , ', ! 16. pretty This dress is that one. 17. far Your apartment is from school mine. , . 2 18. stmng A horse is a person. 19. curb Ken's hair is mine. 20. beautiful A rose is a weed. 381 W CHAPTER 9 *Formal written English: My brother is caller than I (am). Informal spoken English: My brother u taller than me.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR
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Librsry of Congrcecl Cataloging-ln-
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2-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YESNO QUES
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Chapter 7 EXPRESSING ABILITY USING
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This Page Intentionally Left Blank
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Writing English grammar texts is a
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1-1 NOUN + IS + NOUN: SINGULAR NOUN
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1-2 NOUN + ARE + NOUN: PLURAL 1.- +
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EXERCISE 8-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Wha
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EXERCISE 1 1 : Complete the sentenc
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. ADJECTIVE NOUN + BE + (a) Aball i
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EXERCISE 15-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Us
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A turtle Airplanes They fast. slow.
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. -..: . .. -- . . ,~ ~... .~ -~ ..
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The cat is the desk. The cat is two
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SUBJECT + BE + NOUN (a) I m a stude
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EXERCISE 27: Make questions and giv
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10 QUESTIONS WITH BE: USING WHERE W
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SINGULAR PLURAL I (a) I have apen.
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W EXERCISE 35: Complete the sentenc
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(a) I have a book in my hand. This
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EXERCISE d2-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Us
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EXERCISE 46: Study the names of the
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EXERCISE 49: Draw a picture and the
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9. Mr. Lee have a brown coat. 10. T
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3. A: this? I I , . . ' , , ! ' , ;
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~ c EXERCISE 56REVIEW: Work in pair
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CHAPTER 2 Expressing Present 'I lmc
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2 USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS: ALWAYS,
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EXERCISE 4: Add the PREQUW~CY AD= i
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Find the VEM in each sentence. Pron
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4 EXERCISE-% UG-fie wards in italic
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PRONUNCIATION (a) rub + rubs dlzl .
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10. Mr. Cook (say, always)* hello t
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~ 13. have, not This city - nice we
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EXERCISE 17-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Us
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B: (I do exercises every morning.)
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2-1 1 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: ASKING IN
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2- 12 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: ASKING IN
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EXERCISE 26: Complete the questions
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10. A: B: The blue whale. (The bigg
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2-14 USING ITTO TALK ABOUT TIME QUE
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EXERCISE 32: Complete the sentences
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EXERCISE 36-REVIEW: Is/, lzl, or la
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A: No, I don't. I (spend) as little
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W EXERCISE 39-REVIEW: Correct the m
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6. A: Do you like ? B: Yes, of cour
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I I P- Expressing Present Tim I I 3
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EXERCISE 3--ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Ac
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EXERCISE 6: Write the -in# forms fo
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B: Yes, (Anna is eating lunch.) 4.
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3. A: B: My grammar book. (I'm read
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12. It (rain) a lot in this city, b
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,. EXERCISE 13: Use the words in pa
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3-7 NEED AND WANT + A NOUN OR AN IN
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: 5 WOULD LIKE (a) I'm thirsty. I w
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3. I like to every day. 4. I would
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EXERCISE 23-ORAL: State an opinion
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(39) the bird. Bobby is busy with h
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EXERCISE 29-ORAL: Ask a classmate a
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W EXERCISE 35--ORAL: Pair up with a
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H. The man is in back of the bus. T
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d ( F ) & T h e dog is in of the ca
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A. VOCABULARY CHECKLIST study at th
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A. VOCABULARY CHECKLIST cash a chec
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.:'~ A. VOCABULARY CHECWST watch TV
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~ ~~~ A. VOCABULARY CHECKLIST sk@ d
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joggers and squirrels. She (relax)
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10. Kunio at a restaurant right now
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EXERCISE 2: Describe the grammatica
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EXERCISE 3: Find the ADJECTIVES and
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EXERCISE 6: Complete the sentences.
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10. A: Hi, Ann. How do you like you
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7 1 LIST B: knife thief wife c; '*i
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EXERCISE 10: Practice the pronuncia
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A List 1 Things in nam . .--* air L
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12. COUNT NONCOUNT We have an assig
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14. Miss Anderson has job. * , + ~
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13. I wantto make sandwich. 14. I n
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20, fruit I'm hungry. I would like
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14. Are you hungry? Could I get you
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EXERCISE 27-ORAL: Change a lot of t
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EXERCISE 31: Use these words in the
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12. 1 have a problem. I need your h
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1 4-1 1 USING 0 (NO ARTICLE) TO MAK
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W EXERCISE 38-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED):
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16. A: Listen. Do you hear a noise?
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3. Snow falls. subject verb object
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EXERCISE 45- REVIEW: Correct the er
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PRESENT TUlE PAST TIME (a) I am in
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8. Mr. and Mrs. Jones are at home t
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5. (the weather \ hot in New York C
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I SIMPLB PRESEN SIMPLE PAST: SIMPLE
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EXERCISE 8: Use yesterday or last.
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23. I have my books with me. I didn
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EXERCISE 12: Give the -ed and ing f
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You may not know the meanings of th
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6. A car accident at the corner of
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5-9 THE SIMPLE PAST: IRREGULAR VERB
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5- 10 THE SIMPLE PAST: NEGATIV Sbwn
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1 1. My husband (come, not) home fo
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5. A: Where you yesterday? B: I at
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EXERCISE 29-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): As
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,A 2. A: (Ms. Carter, teach) class
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1 1. I almost (hawe) an accident ye
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.... 9. A: B: Five weeks ago. (I ca
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EXERCISE 39: Use your own words to
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6. A: B: Science. (I'm interested i
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6. A: B: My cousin. (My cousin visi
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(a) What does "pretty" mean? (b) Wh
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4. send-sent I send my mother a gif
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5-18 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUS
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1. She ate breakfast. She went to w
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EXERCISE 56: Add a capital letter a
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(pay) my bill. Then we (leave) the
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. 19. break 25. ring 20. stop 26. m
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BEAR: Good morning, Fish. FISH: Goo
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BEAR: I (hold) PISH: Oh no! You (tr
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This Page Intentionally Left Blank
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Example: go downtown STUDENT A: Are
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1 EXERCISE 4-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): L
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EXERCISE 7: Complete the sentences.
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15. I took a test two days 16. The
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W EXERCISE 12: Answer the questions
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STATEMENT (a) Mike willp to the lib
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3. A: Whm will you see Mr. Pong 7 B
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3. She (write) to her parents every
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4. A: What time (you, get up) every
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EXERCISE 21 -REVIEW (ORAL/WRITTEN):
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9. A: What (the students, do) right
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1 1. There be another earthquake in
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6. A: Are Kate and Steve going to g
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4. ( . . . ) said, "I don't like it
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EXERCISE 34-ORAL time clauses. (BOO
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EXERCISE 36-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): In
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H EXERCISE 38: Complete the sentenc
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' W EXERCISE 42-REVIEW (ORAVWRITTEN
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6. A: What happened to your sleeve?
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11. A: What did you do yesterday? B
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1 1. A: Is that knife sharp? B: It'
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10. A: Where's my book! Someone (st
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EXERCISE 52-REVIEW (ERROR ANALYSIS)
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(1 3) GRANDMA: Tonight I (telo you
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~ R E N Please : tell us another st
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EXERCISE 2-ORAL: Make sentences abo
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EXERCISE $-ORAL: Pair up with a cla
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5. The teacher yesterday because he
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4 EXERCISE 12: Complete the sentenc
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12. A: Do you like your math course
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EXERCISE 16-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Th
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+ It's 7-8 USING TOO + ADJECTIVE +
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4. (short, tall) 5. (cold, hot) Cin
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3. I couldn't because I didn't have
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I EXERCISE 25: Complete the sentenc
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~ t EXERCISE30-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED):
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EXERCISE 32-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): As
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5. STUDENT: DO we have any homework
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EXERCISE 36-ORAL: What are some typ
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EXERCISE 41 -REVIEW: What can or ca
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EXERCISE 44-REVIEW: Complete - the
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BUFFALO: Yes. I (can see, not) . I
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So WoIfcarried Jumping Mouse to the
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9. throw-thrm I can hand you this (
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I wrote a check yesterday. I tore i
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EXERCISE 2: Find the ADJECTIVES and
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11. We bought some (2::::t] airplan
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4. old big bmwn 5. narrow dirt 6. y
Page 343 and 344: EXERCISE 10-ERROR ANALYSIS: Many, b
Page 345 and 346: --- (a) -, Rita ate all of - the "
Page 347 and 348: 8-4 EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTIW SUBJECT-
Page 349 and 350: 3. one of my \ book \ be \ red 4. o
Page 351 and 352: EXERCISE 17: Complete the sentences
Page 353 and 354: 11. all of the in this class speak
Page 355 and 356: 12. Alexs friends visited him last
Page 357 and 358: 5. uncle Robert is living at his ,
Page 361 and 362: 8. A: When do classes begin? (your
Page 363 and 364: EXERCISE 31: Point to or touch some
Page 365 and 366: 4. Pablos full name is Pablo Alvare
Page 367 and 368: % . a f, Korea is in Asia.' -I .. g
Page 369 and 370: EXERCISE 36: Add commas where neces
Page 371 and 372: I AD.rEcm + NOUN (a) I bought some
Page 373 and 374: 3. There's a new play at the commun
Page 375 and 376: (12) are yellow. Its name is Whiske
Page 377 and 378: EXERCISE 45-ORAL: Change the positi
Page 379 and 380: H EXERCISE 49: Complete the sentenc
Page 381 and 382: . . % ~. . ..: ,. . . .. . . . .,.,
Page 383 and 384: EXERCISE 56-WRITTEN: INDIRECT OBJEC
Page 385: 17. Please explain me this sentence
Page 388 and 389: 5. When Kathy dropped her pen, Sam
Page 390 and 391: -1 COMPARISONS: USING THE SAME (AS)
Page 392 and 393: W EXERCISE 4: Answer the questions.
Page 396 and 397: H EXERCISE 10: Complete the sentenc
Page 400 and 401: 9-4 USING AS AS; USING LES! John is
Page 402 and 403: + Thh 9. My apartment is smaller th
Page 404 and 405: 10. A dog is less intelligent but m
Page 406 and 407: 9-6 USING VERBS AFTER BUT AFmRMATlV
Page 408 and 409: EXERCISE 26: Picture A and Picture
Page 410 and 411: EXERCISE 29: Write the comparative
Page 412 and 413: EXERCISE 31: Make at least four sta
Page 414 and 415: E. COMPARE THE PRICES OF THE THREE
Page 416 and 417: 12. good Fruit is for your health 1
Page 418 and 419: EXERCISE 36: Take this quiz. If you
Page 420 and 421: PART V 11. Which of the following c
Page 422 and 423: ADJECTIVE adjective (A) h i s a ca&
Page 424 and 425: : I 19. loud I speak when I talk to
Page 426 and 427: .. ; I k :.lo. well You can write I
Page 428 and 429: 5. John was the last person to fini
Page 430 and 431: ~ $ ~ - I XERCSE &-ORAL REVIEW (BOO
Page 432 and 433: 2. A: I'm sleepy. ,. , .,
Page 434 and 435: ~ ~p SING LET'S (a) Bob: What shoul
Page 436 and 437: EXERCISE 7-ORAi.: Answer the questi
Page 438 and 439: -~~p 10. A: Was Steve at home yeste
Page 440 and 441: 1. When must you have a passport? '
Page 442 and 443: . .. , , , 9. Jennifer might not be
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~ - -,..
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EXERCISE 1-1: Look at the pictures.
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U(ERCi6E 21: Complete the sentences
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EXERCISE 23 Complete the sentences.
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3. A: I (be) at my friends' house l
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8. own Ken is a businessman. He sel
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10-16 USING EVER WlTH THE PRESENT P
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THE PRESENT PERFECT: QUESTIONS WITH
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10-1 8 PAST PARTICIPLES OF COMMON I
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1 1. Mr. Cook never dresses casuall
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Vowels = a, e, t, o u. Consonants =
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DAYS Monday Tbesday Wednesday Thurs
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SIMPLE FORM be become begin bend bi
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dex A Alan, 2,4, 143 vs. some, 144
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H Habitual present, 263 Havelhas, 2
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L,IGY subject (e.g., I, they), 6-7,
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR Betty Schramp
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