Manual - AC Entertainment Technologies Ltd.
Manual - AC Entertainment Technologies Ltd.
Manual - AC Entertainment Technologies Ltd.
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Safety Instructions<br />
To prevent damage to your Datapath product or injury to personnel operating the equipment, please<br />
read the following safety precautions prior to operation. These instructions should be made available to<br />
all those who will use and operate Datapath products.<br />
Power Supply<br />
All Datapath products require a mains power supply. This power supply must be disconnected when<br />
equipment is being upgraded or relocated.<br />
Cables<br />
Do not expose cables to any liquids; doing so may cause a short circuit which could damage the<br />
equipment. Do not place heavy objects on top of any cables as this can cause damage and possibly lead<br />
to exposed live wires.<br />
Ventilation<br />
All computer equipment should be located in a well ventilated area. All ventilation holes on the computer<br />
casing must be kept clear of any obstruction at all times. Failure to do so will result in the system over<br />
heating and damaging your equipment.<br />
Working Environment<br />
The equipment should be located in an environment free from dust, moisture and extreme changes<br />
in temperature and should be placed on a stable and solid work surface. Liquids (hot/cold drinks etc)<br />
should not be placed near the equipment as spillage could cause serious damage.<br />
Gas/Flammable Liquids<br />
Electronic equipment should never be used in the presence of gas or any flammable liquid, doing so<br />
could result in an explosion or serious fire.<br />
Smoke/Unusual Smells<br />
Should you notice smoke or unusual smells being emitted from your computer, turn off and unplug the<br />
system from the mains supply. The system should then be passed to a qualified technician for<br />
inspection. Continued operation could result in personal injury and damage to property.<br />
Maintenance<br />
Maintenance should only be carried out by competent technicians, any Datapath plug-in cards that are<br />
physically damaged should be returned to Datapath for repair using Datapath RMA procedures.<br />
Disposal<br />
At the end of life all Datapath products should be disposed of as per local laws and regulations dictate.<br />
In UK contact Datapath to arrange disposal. Our WEE registration number is WEEE/AA0005ZR.
Introduction<br />
The Datapath x4 is a stand alone display wall controller that accepts a standard single or dual-link DVI<br />
input and can flexibly display this across four output monitors.<br />
Each output can be driven as DVI or analog RGB, and can represent an arbitrary crop region of the<br />
original input image. The output resolution and frame rate does not need to be related to that of the<br />
input as the Datapath x4 will optionally upscale and frame-rate convert each cropped region independently.<br />
However, if the Datapath x4 detects that frame rates identically match it will automatically<br />
genlock. Additionally, each output can be independently mirrored or rotated through 90°, 180° or<br />
270° to support creative mixes of landscape and portrait monitors.
Configuration Examples<br />
Listed on the next few pages are just a few examples of what can be achieved with the Datapath x4. The<br />
list of examples is not definative and users are encouraged to experiment with different display<br />
orientations<br />
Duplicate the input signal x 4 and displays each duplicate on separate screens
Divide the input signal into quadrants and display each quarter on separate displays with optional frame<br />
rate conversion (in this case 30Hz to 60Hz). Crop regions can be adjusted to provide monitor bezel<br />
compensation.
Duplicate the input signal x2 and display 1 on a single landscape display and divide the 2nd into thirds,<br />
rotate to portrait, upscale and split between 3 displays.<br />
Crop input signal, upscale specific areas and display on 4 separate screens.
Crop the input signal into x4 and display x2 quarters landscape and x2 quarters portrait.<br />
Crop the input signal x4 rotate through 90º,180º or 270º, display in landscape and portrait. Arbitrary crop<br />
regions can allow the monitors to be artistically arranged, but maintain an undistorted image.
Unpacking<br />
Your packing box should contain the following items:<br />
• The x4 Display Wall Controller.<br />
• The x4-PSU Power supply unit with international blades.<br />
• USB 2.0 cable Type A to Type B.<br />
• Datapath CD containing Configuration Application and User <strong>Manual</strong>.<br />
Note:<br />
We recommend that you do not discard the packing box until you are completely satisfied with<br />
the x4, and it is fully installed and working correctly. We also recommend that you make note of<br />
the serial number of the controller in a prominent place before you connect it to the<br />
computer. This should hasten any query should you need to contact our Technical Support Department.<br />
The serial number is displayed on the x4 and the box label.<br />
Fitting the x4 PSU Blades<br />
Select the appropriate blade for use, place the top edge of the blade into the recess of the PSU and the<br />
press down ensuring the Release Catch clicks firmly into place and secures the blade inside the recess.<br />
To remove the blade, slide the Release Catch down fully and pull the blade away from the PSU recess.
Description<br />
Front panel<br />
Operation Indicators<br />
Fig.1<br />
The front panel has three LED’s to indicate the operational status of the x4:<br />
• Power<br />
• Input<br />
• Status<br />
Power<br />
• When illuminated, the Power LED indicates the x4 is connected to a mains supply using the<br />
supplied PSU.<br />
Input<br />
• When illuminated, the Input LED indicates a valid DVI source is connected.<br />
Status<br />
• Continuous illumination – Indicates the x4 is operating normally.<br />
• Flashing – Unit is operating over the normal operating temperature. Ensure the input fan vent is not<br />
blocked.<br />
• If the Status LED goes off and remains off this indicates that the settings configured in the x4<br />
application no longer match the input, this is normally the result of a change of input. The x4 will<br />
compensate for the settings and reconfigure itself to display as near to the settings as possible. The<br />
output will still be displayed but not necessarily as expected.<br />
When the x4 device is connected to a PC by a USB cable, and the x4 Control application is active, then all<br />
three lights flash in turn to help to identify which unit is being controlled.
Rear Panel<br />
Fig.2<br />
Sync Sockets<br />
The Sync sockets are provided for future genlock enhancements. They should be left unconnected.<br />
USB Socket<br />
The USB socket is used to connect the x4 to a PC via a USB connection using the supplied USB Type A to<br />
Type B cable. Configuration of the x4 is programmable via an application utility allowing easy control of<br />
cropping, scaling, rotation and gaps.<br />
DVI-D Input Socket<br />
The DVI-D Input socket is used to connect the DVI input source to the x4. The x4 supports Dual Link DVI,<br />
Single Link DVI and also HDMI (not HDCP compliant) by using the optional DVI/HDMI Adapter.<br />
DVI-I Output Sockets<br />
The four DVI-I Out sockets are used to connect the x4 to the output monitors. The x4 supports both DVI<br />
and analog RGB monitors.<br />
Power<br />
The Power socket is where the power source is connected to the x4. The x4-PSU supplied is plugged into<br />
the Power socket. The power LED on the front of the x4 illuminates when a power supply is<br />
connected.
Setting up the x4<br />
• Ensure the power supply for the DVI source is disconnected.<br />
• Connect the cable from the DVI source to the input socket on the rear of the x4.<br />
• Connect the four displays to the output sockets on the rear panel of the x4.<br />
• Connect the x4-PSU to the x4 and switch on the power supply at the mains socket using the correct<br />
international blade (see page 9).<br />
• Power up the DVI source.<br />
The Power LED located on the front panel will illuminate to indicate that power has successfully been<br />
applied to the unit.<br />
The x4 incorporates an internal processor that will continuously monitor the received DVI signal, and<br />
whenever a valid and stable input is detected the Input LED is illuminated.<br />
If the Input LED is not illuminated, the x4 cannot detect a valid DVI input source.<br />
During operation, the x4 is able to adjust its internal operation to maintain the programmed output proportions<br />
even when the input resolution changes.<br />
Fig.3
Configuring the x4<br />
Factory Default Settings<br />
The x4 stores a number of parameters to configure its operation. This allows it to operate stand alone<br />
in a very flexible manner. The configurations affect the input and output display modes as well as the<br />
required partitioning of the input image between monitors.<br />
By default the x4 is configured as follows:<br />
Input EDID Preferred Mode:<br />
Output monitor mode:<br />
Cropping Mode:<br />
1920 x 1080 x 60Hz (SMPTE timings)<br />
Use Monitor Preferred Mode<br />
Default : 1920 x 1080 x 60Hz (SMPTE)<br />
2x2 equal split (960x540)<br />
No Rotation<br />
The default settings are changed using the Windows® application provided, which can be run on any<br />
Windows® platform and connected to the x4 via the supplied USB cable. A description of the use of<br />
the application is provided in the x4 Control Application section.<br />
The sections below describe the settings that are possible and why they may be needed. For details<br />
on how to program the x4 hardware with your desired configurations, please see the x4 Control<br />
Application section.<br />
Configuring DVI Input resolution<br />
Because the timings and resolution of the DVI input are set by the DVI source machine, the x4 can only<br />
configure this indirectly by presenting a programmable “Preferred Mode” as part of its EDID<br />
(Extended Display Identification Data).<br />
Most graphics cards and HDMI appliances automatically select the “Preferred Mode” resolution and<br />
timings presented by the x4 EDID, but they may need to be forced to re-detect if the EDID contents<br />
are changed by the x4 application. This would typically be via a hot-plug event caused by<br />
disconnecting and reconnecting the DVI input cable.<br />
The configuration application will allow readback of the resolution that is currently being detected, as<br />
well as the ability to read and write the internal EDID rom.<br />
Monitor Outputs<br />
The x4 can be configured to read the corresponding EDID of each monitor that is connected and to<br />
drive out a signal that corresponds to the resolution, timings and mode (RGB or DVI) of the Preferred<br />
Mode. This is the factory default configuration.<br />
Please note that when different monitors are attached to the four outputs, each may advertise a<br />
different Preferred Mode, therefore each output will be driven at a different mode.
Whenever the monitor EDID is used, the x4 will calculate the internal scale factors to ensure that the<br />
monitor (at whatever resolution it is being driven) will still display the correct proportion of the input image.<br />
If an EDID cannot be read (for example if the monitor cable does not support the DDC signals required),<br />
there is a default mode that can be programmed into the x4’s memory. This is factory configured to<br />
1080p.<br />
In some cases it may be that the user requires a very specific output timing (for example when<br />
genlocking to the input) irrespective of the monitor EDIDs. In this case the x4 can be configured to always<br />
output the mode that has been programmed as the default mode.<br />
Selecting the Regions to Be Displayed<br />
Each output of the x4 can take its display data from any arbitrary rectangular region of the captured<br />
input image. The factory default for these cropping rectangles configures the four monitors to display a<br />
quarter of the input as a 2x2 array, and these proportions are maintained across different input<br />
resolutions.<br />
For a 1080p input, this means that 960x540 pixels from the input image would be upscaled by a factor of<br />
2 in each direction if the selected output resolution was 1080p.<br />
However if the input resolution were to change to 1600x1200, then for the same output monitor the x4<br />
would upscale from an 800x600 region and would reprogram its scale factors to 2.4 horizontally and 1.8<br />
vertically to support the same 1080p monitor.<br />
The cropping regions can be assigned aribitrarily and can overlap, the only restriction being that the<br />
resulting scale factor must be greater than 1.0 (ie 1:1 or upscaled) in either direction. As an example it is<br />
possible to use the x4 to output four identical copies of the input signal (providing the resulting output<br />
timings remain within the capabilities of the single-link DVI outputs).<br />
The regions of the input image to be displayed on a given output monitor can be programmed via USB<br />
by using the Datapath configuration application.<br />
In order to support portrait orientation of monitors, the source data can be rotated by 90º, 180º or 270º<br />
as it is output to the monitor.
Operating Instructions<br />
DVI Input<br />
When the X4 is powered up successfully and the Power, Input and Status LED indicators are<br />
illuminated, this indicates that a DVI input mode has been detected and is working normally.<br />
If the Input LED indicator is not on, check to ensure a single or dual link DVI cable is correctly fitted to<br />
the appropriate sockets.<br />
Once the LED indicators are illuminated, the X4 will display the source across all four screens according<br />
to the configuration that is stored in its non-volatile memory. The x4 is factory configured to display the<br />
input image as a 2x2 split as shown in Fig.3.<br />
Output<br />
To connect to an analog output, a DVI-I-VGA cables are required. To connect to a DVI output, a DVI-D<br />
cable is required.<br />
At high resolution, DVI signals cannot normally be guaranteed beyond 5m cables due to the nature of<br />
the signal losses inherent in the DVI cables and connectors. Datapath have added active equalization<br />
hardware on the x4 which is able to compensate for these losses and support cable lengths of up to 20m<br />
even at full dual-link resolutions (330Mhz pixel clocks). Lower resolutions will allow even longer cable<br />
lengths.<br />
This allows more flexible positioning of the x4 relative to the source and the displays.<br />
Configuring the x4<br />
The x4 has a USB port to allow a host PC to connect to the x4 box and for the user to program its<br />
configuration. Once configured the x4 will run stand-alone without the need for the USB connection and<br />
will auto detect input resolutions and adjust internal scaling to drive the output monitors<br />
consistently.<br />
Genlock<br />
The Firmware running on the x4 will detect when input and/or output timings are set to identical frame<br />
rates and will automatically genlock the syncs in these cases. In all genlock modes, the timings are<br />
configured to share a common reference clock, so there will be no drift in synchronisation, and
x4 Control Application<br />
Application Installation<br />
Note: Do not plug the x4 into a USB port until the driver installation is complete.<br />
Locate the Install folder on the Datapath CD supplied with the x4, run install.exe. and follow the<br />
installation wizard. During installation a warning message is displayed stating that the driver does not<br />
have Windows® Logo accreditation.<br />
Select Continue Anyway to complete the installation.<br />
The Datapath x4 can now be connected to a suitable USB 1.0 or 2.0 port using the cable supplied. At<br />
this point the hardware will be detected by Windows® as an x4 splitter, and a New Hardware wizard is<br />
displayed. Allow the wizard to search, and click on the recommended option to enable the previously<br />
installed driver to be associated with the new hardware.<br />
Press Continue Anyway to accept the driver.<br />
Running the x4 Control Application<br />
To open the x4 Control application select Start/All Programs/x4 Control.<br />
The application will search for an x4 connected to your computer and display the status of the first x4<br />
detected. Should there be more than one x4 in use, a list of all available x4’s can be found in the File<br />
menu.<br />
Once the application has detected an x4 the main status screen is displayed Fig.4.<br />
Fig.4
The main control dialog is divided into the following groups:<br />
Connection Diagram<br />
DVI-D Input<br />
Input Capture Regions<br />
Device<br />
Monitor Outputs<br />
Connection Diagram<br />
The connection diagram displays a schematic view of the rear panel of the x4 to assist in identifying<br />
the connectors.<br />
Fig.5<br />
Device<br />
The unique USB device name that is connected is displayed in the Device group. It is possible to associate<br />
a more user friendly name such as “First Four Outputs”. The friendly name is stored in non-volatile<br />
storage on the x4 and can to help identify the device during future configurations. Specific devices<br />
connected to your PC can be selected using the Select Device.. command on the File Menu. The x4’s<br />
will be listed by the USB Device or by a previously configured friendly name.<br />
Fig.6
DVI-D Input<br />
The DVI-D Input group displays the current DVI mode that is being captured (if any) and the prefered<br />
mode that has been programmed into the x4’s EDID. Use the Modify button to update the EDID. The<br />
small square to the left of the current input resolution indicates whether the x4 has genlocked to the<br />
input source.<br />
• Green – The outputs are genlocked to the input dot clock and vertical sync<br />
• Red – The outputs are not genlocked<br />
Fig.7<br />
To change the timings of the input EDID click on the Modify button and the following dialog is<br />
displayed. Fig 8.<br />
Fig.8
The DVI-D Input dialog displays the resolution of the current mode for reference and allows the timings<br />
of the EDID prefered mode to be edited. The dialog supports standard timing formulae such as:<br />
• VESA CVT<br />
• CVT Reduced Blanking<br />
• SMPTE (for HD modes)<br />
• VESA GTF<br />
• Custom<br />
Selecting Auto from the drop down list will typically default to the VESA CVT algorithm which best<br />
matches typical standard VESA output modes. However, to minimise dot clocks and hence maximise<br />
DVI cable lengths, the CVT Reduced Blanking is recommended.<br />
Selecting Custom allows the timing parameters to be edited. It should be noted that you will need to<br />
select between definition of Pixel Clock or Vertical Refresh since these are mutually excusive<br />
parameters.<br />
Once edited, clicking OK writes the prefered mode into the EDID but may not normally affect the input<br />
mode that is being captured. It may be necessary to force the graphics device in the host machine to<br />
detect the new modes, this can be done by selecting Detect on the Screen Resolutions dialog box (Windows®<br />
7) or by disconnecting the souce from the x4 and reconnecting.<br />
All modifications to the input settings can be save as a .vqs file, removing the requirement to input the<br />
same settings again. To save the settings select the Save… command in the File menu. To open a saved<br />
.vqs file select the Open… command.
Input Capture Regions<br />
Each output of the x4 can select a different region of the input source image. This dialog<br />
(Fig. 9) displays the settings of each region (region 1 corresponds to output 1 etc). The numbers<br />
denote the top, left, width and height coordinates of the region that is to be displayed. Note, these are<br />
described in terms of the current active input resolution. If the input resolution changes, the capture<br />
region coordinates scale to the new input resolution in order to maintain the same proportions.<br />
Fig. 9<br />
To modify any of these settings click on Modify to display the edit dialog (Fig. 10).<br />
Fig.10
Predifined Regions<br />
For ease of use, there are preset buttons to select the two most popular configurations: Quarter or<br />
Replicate.<br />
Quarter<br />
The first monitor displays the top left hand corner of the input image, the second monitor the top<br />
right, the third the bottom left etc. This mode of operation can be used to drive four monitors in a 2x2<br />
arrangement from a single high resolution input.<br />
Replicate<br />
Each output displays the entire input image. The output monitors can be driven at the same resolution<br />
(with different timings if necessary) or a higher resolution.<br />
There are no restrictions (other than the resulting scale factor must be 1:1 or upscale) in the region settings,<br />
so it is possible to have regions overlapping, or to program in gaps etc. Additionally each region<br />
can have a transform such as rotation or flipping applied to it (after cropping) in order to support different<br />
output monitor orientations.<br />
Please note that there may be instances where a setting stored in non-volatile memory which was<br />
valid when it was stored (ie the scale factors from input to output were 1:1 or greater) may subsequently<br />
require down-scaling if the resolution of the input increases. In this case the firmware will adjust the<br />
scaling factors to give a 1:1 crop of the input, centred on the original region. In order to signal that at<br />
least one output is no longer exactly honouring the programmed region setting, the front panel status<br />
light will not be illuminated.<br />
All modifications to the Region settings can be save as a .vqs file, removing the requirement to input<br />
the same settings again. To save the settings select the Save… command in the File menu. To open a<br />
saved .vqs file select the Open… command.<br />
Monitor Outputs<br />
The Monitor Outputs group shows the actual resolution and refresh rate that each of the four x4<br />
outputs is currently providing. To see more information such as whether this is an analog RGB or DVI<br />
mode, if it is the monitor EDID preferred mode or a default mode programmed into the x4, along with<br />
detailed timing information, click on the Modify button for the required output.<br />
The genlock status is indicated by the small coloured squares:<br />
Green<br />
The outputs are genlocked to a common reference clock, and the Vsync of the first monitor. If the Input<br />
genlock light is green (see above), then the reference clock is taken from the input DVI source, and<br />
the system is fully genlocked to this source. If the input genlock indicator is red, then the outputs are<br />
genlocked together, but are not related to the input sync.<br />
Red<br />
The outputs are NOT genlocked
Fig.11<br />
Individual monitor outputs can be configured by clicking on the corresponding Modify button.<br />
This will bring up a timing dialog similar to that of the input timings. This dialog is shown in<br />
Fig.12.<br />
Fig.12
The source of mode selection controls whether the x4 output should take its timing values and<br />
resolution from the preferred mode of the monitor that is connected, or use its internally programmed<br />
‘default’ mode. Please note that only the internal default timings can be edited in this dialog.<br />
If Use the Monitors Preferred Mode is selected, but no valid EDID can be read from the attached<br />
monitor, then the x4 firmware will program the output to use the default mode timings.<br />
The rest of the dialog is identical to that for setting the Input timings, with the exception that for the<br />
output monitors it is possible to select Analog RGB (“VGA”) output as well as DVI.<br />
All modifications to the Output… settings can be save as a .vqs file, removing the requirement to input<br />
the same settings again. To save the settings select the Save… command in the File menu. To open a<br />
saved .vqs file select the Open… command.<br />
Finally there is a Test button which should be used when defining a default mode that you are not sure<br />
the attached monitor can support. In test mode, the output timings are programmed, but they are not<br />
saved to non-volatile memory on the x4 until the OK button is pressed to accept the mode.
Specification<br />
x4 Physical Dimensions 235 x 175 x 44mm/9.25” x 6.9” x 1.75”<br />
Operating Temperature Range<br />
0 - 35 DegC/32 - 96 DegF<br />
Power Requirements<br />
5V DC, 11W. Universal mains power adapter<br />
supplied (100-240V)<br />
Cooling<br />
The unit contains a cooling fan. The input<br />
and output vents should not be restricted<br />
USB 2.0<br />
Full speed (12Mbits/s) operation supported<br />
1 x Dual link DVI capture To 330 Mpixels/s<br />
Input Surface<br />
4k x 4k maximum<br />
4 x Single link DVI or analog RGB outputs To 165Mpixels/s<br />
Output Screens Resolutions<br />
Up to 2.5Mpixel (maximum 2048 pixels in<br />
either direction)<br />
Arbitary Up Scaling<br />
64 x original surface area<br />
Firmware Support<br />
Updates supported via USB
Datapath Limited<br />
Datapath has a long and very successful history in the computer graphics industry. Datapath has been<br />
designing and supplying high performance, high quality graphics display systems to the world’s largest<br />
and most demanding companies and institutions since 1982. Datapath was one of the founding<br />
companies of multi-screen Windows acceleration using single and multi board solutions. Now using<br />
the very latest display technology Datapath offers some of the world’s leading multi screen graphics<br />
accelerators for the most demanding applications.<br />
As new technology advances, so we at Datapath improve the performance and functionality of both<br />
our hardware and software to give our customers more. Following a continuous development program,<br />
we pride ourselves on our support and responsive nature towards all our customers and their<br />
changing needs. As more sophisticated equipment and techniques become readily available, so we<br />
are there to exploit the power and potential that this technology presents.<br />
Technical Support<br />
Registered Users can access our technical support line using, email, and the Support page on the Datapath<br />
Web Site, usually with a response within 24 hours (excluding weekends).<br />
Via Email<br />
Send an email to support@datapath.co.uk with as much information about your system as possible.<br />
To enable a swift response we need to know the following details:<br />
• Specification of the PC - including processor speed<br />
• Operating System<br />
• Application Software<br />
• Datapath Hardware / Software<br />
• The exact nature of the problem - and please be as specific as possible.<br />
Please quote version and revision numbers of hardware and software in use wherever possible.<br />
Copyright Statement<br />
© Datapath <strong>Ltd</strong>., England, 2011<br />
Datapath Limited claims copyright on this documentation. No part of this documentation may be<br />
reproduced, released, disclosed, stored in any electronic format, or used in whole or in part for any<br />
purpose other than stated herein without the express permission of Datapath Limited.<br />
Whilst every effort is made to ensure that the information contained in this User <strong>Manual</strong> is correct,<br />
Datapath Limited make no representations or warranties with respect to the contents thereof, and<br />
do not accept liability for any errors or omissions. Datapath reserves the right to change specification<br />
without prior notice and cannot assume responsibility for the use made of the information supplied.<br />
All registered trademarks used within this documentation are acknowledged by Datapath Limited
UK Headquarters and Main Sales Office<br />
Datapath <strong>Ltd</strong>.,<br />
Alfreton Road,<br />
Derby, DE21 4AD, UK<br />
Tel: +44 (0) 1332 294441<br />
Fax: +44 (0) 1332 290667<br />
Email: sales@datapath.co.uk<br />
www.datapath.co.uk
Index<br />
A<br />
Application Installation 16<br />
C<br />
configuration 13<br />
Configuring the x4 15<br />
Cooling 24<br />
Copyright Statement 25<br />
Crop regions 6<br />
D<br />
Default Settings 13<br />
device name 17<br />
display orientations 5<br />
DVI-D Input 18<br />
I<br />
Input socket 11<br />
Input Surface 24<br />
L<br />
LED’s 10<br />
M<br />
mirrored 4<br />
Modify button 22<br />
Monitor Outputs 21<br />
O<br />
Out sockets 11
P<br />
Power socket 11<br />
PSU Blades 9<br />
PSU Power supply 9<br />
Q<br />
Quarter 21<br />
R<br />
regions to be displayed 14<br />
Replicate 21<br />
rotate to portrait 7<br />
S<br />
safety precautions 3<br />
T<br />
Technical Support 25<br />
U<br />
UK Headquarters 26<br />
Up Scaling 24<br />
USB socket 11