Governance, Growth, and Development Decision-making - School of ...

emergence of a complex division of labor, and a shift in social identities
from ascriptive ones, based on class, ethnicity, or gender, to
ones that are voluntary. While social development as an end in itself
is not the subject of the current note, it is an important intermediary
variable between economic and political development.
We thus end up with five separate dimensions of development,
one economic, three political, and one social. All five are goals of
development in themselves, and they can exist, for the most part,
independently of one another. 1
Figure 1 summarizes the presumed relationships between these
five dimensions of development that will be fleshed out below.
Figure 1
Economic growth
Social Mobilization
State-Building
Democracy
Rule of Law
1
That is, one can have growth without democracy, and social development
without increases in either state capacity or democracy. It is possible to have
an illiberal democracy, and a liberal autocracy, and both democracies and
autocracies can experience either low or high growth. While a rudimentary
state is a necessary precondition for economic growth, rule of law, and democracy,
it is also possible to have some or all of the latter three conditions
in a weak state.
26
Governance, Growth, and Development Decision-making