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SRC Users' Meeting - Synchrotron Radiation Center - University of ...

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INTERACTIONS IN THE PHOTOEMISSION PROCESS OF<br />

MATERIALS WITH LOW CONDUCTIVITY<br />

Christian R. Ast<br />

Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, Germany<br />

Scattering <strong>of</strong> the photoelectron is an omnipresent phenomenon in photoemission<br />

spectra. In most cases inelastic scattering manifests itself in either discrete loss structures,<br />

a featureless background or an asymmetric line shape. Two examples are presented in<br />

which increased interactions <strong>of</strong> the photoelectron with its surroundings lead to additional<br />

emission features in the photoemission spectra <strong>of</strong> the semimetal bismuth. Scattering<br />

events can be seen in core level spectra as structured loss features from interband<br />

transitions. In valence band spectra, scattering processes can contribute additional<br />

structures from secondary cone emission.<br />

Spectra <strong>of</strong> the Bi 5d core level show an additional peak split <strong>of</strong>f in energy<br />

between 160 and 260meV, which can be related to momentum dependent energy losses<br />

suffered by the photoelectron from interband transitions. Similar phenomena have been<br />

observed in the 4d core levels <strong>of</strong> Sb, which leads to the conclusion that loss features are<br />

enhanced in materials with low conductivity and low charge carrier concentration.<br />

Valence band spectra <strong>of</strong> Bi(111) at normal emission as a function <strong>of</strong> photon energy show<br />

multiple emission features from the same initial state band. These emission features can<br />

be attributed to primary and secondary cone emission. To be observed in the normal<br />

emission spectra photoelectrons from secondary cone emission have to be scattered back<br />

into the normal emission direction. Accounting for the secondary cone emission in the<br />

analysis <strong>of</strong> the final state dispersion, it is than possible to experimentally determine the<br />

deviations <strong>of</strong> the final states from the free electron band structure. With these<br />

experimentally determined final state bands on hand, it is than possible to extract the<br />

initial state band structure E i (k).

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