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Cost of Lives Lost The causal relationship between physical inertia and heightened health risks suggests that, in Australia for example, 122 deaths per year from coronary heart disease, noninsulin dependent diabetes and colon cancer may be prevented for each 1% increase of the population who achieve a level of sufficient physical activity (Stephenson et al., 1996 p.vii-viii). Unnecessary deaths have impacts upon medical costs and lost contributions to the national economy. The most persuasive proof concerns the prevention of coronary heart disease, which continues to kill more New Zealanders, often at a relatively young age, than any other disease. Individuals who are regularly active have half the risk from this disease than those with a sedentary lifestyle (Berlin and Colditz, 1990; Powell et al., 1987), and in the United States one-third of the annual deaths from coronary disease can be attributed to insufficient physical activity (Powell and Blair, 1994). 4.4 The Cost of Doing Nothing The Taskforce asks the question, “How much does it matter to New Zealanders to save lives and reduce expenditure by supporting physical activity, recreation and sport?” The evidence of physical activity as the key to making New Zealand a healthier nation underpins social and economic benefits. Governments have been told this but have consistently abstained from addressing this as the key to a fitter and more productive society. Government must support physical activity as active lives prevent illness and generate a more productive elderly sector. Physical activity results in economic benefits and significant savings for New Zealand in direct medical costs (e.g. ambulance, in-patient and out-patient treatment, rehabilitation, medical services, pharmaceuticals consumption), and indirect costs (such as the loss of productivity or absences from the workplace, and costs ensuing from the reduction of quality of life due to pain, disability, bereavement or suffering). • An example of the result of governmental inaction is seen in relation to some 7,800 New Zealanders who die each year from coronary disease, colon cancer and diabetes, with one-sixth to one-fifth attributed to physical inactivity. Doing nothing will mean the wasted deaths of 1,300 of the New Zealanders each year. • In 1996, the avoidable mortality rate for Maori (0-74 years) was 2.5 times, and for Pacific people 2.0 times, higher than the European/Other rate. • Maori and Pacific people (0-74 years) have rates of avoidable hospitalisation about 60 percent higher than European/Others. • In 1997-98, almost one-third of all the hospitalisations in the 0-74 years age group were potentially avoidable, through health promotion or primary health care. • Physical inactivity accounts for about eight percent of annual deaths with obesity and diabetes each responsible for about four to five percent of these deaths. Ministerial Taskforce on Sport, Fitness & Leisure January 2001 page 48 of 153
• High blood pressure and cholesterol are also major risk factors, accounting for six to eight percent of deaths in 1996. If all New Zealanders, and the New Zealand Government in particular, do nothing to counter these trends then the following are examples of what will result: • Doing nothing will mark a watershed in deteriorating relationships between the Government and the recreation and sports sector. • Doing nothing will continue to cost the country millions of dollars in dealing with illness. • Doing nothing will mean New Zealanders will live shorter lives than if they had been active. • Doing nothing reduces the productivity of New Zealanders and the nation. • Doing nothing will increase breast cancer in women, as well as other illnesses in our population such as colon cancer, bowel cancer and cardiovascular disease. • Doing nothing limits the opportunities for sport and adventure tourism and recreational activity by tourists and means we will not capitalise on recreational and sporting achievements with the resulting economic benefits. • Doing nothing includes the erosion of social progress, an inactive nation with greater health problems, more substantial economic costs for government and an under-achieving nation in recreation and sport. The Taskforce view, after listening to a wide range of New Zealanders, is emphatic. Drastic action by the Government is imperative. Physical activity is integral to recreation and sport and its benefits are noted across the world. New Zealanders must engage in greater levels of physical activity. They must be supported in this objective. Government needs to unequivocally state that good health is paramount and that physical activity is critical to good health. The challenge for all New Zealanders is to be more physically active and for government to invest in strategies to support this. The necessary positive responses from government will bring a healthier nation, higher achievements, increasing and substantial long-term savings and a more productive country. Ministerial Taskforce on Sport, Fitness & Leisure January 2001 page 49 of 153
Page 1 and 2: GETTING SET For an Active Nation RE
Page 3 and 4: 5.14 Research and Resources .......
Page 5 and 6: Membership of the Ministerial Taskf
Page 7 and 8: • identify linkages and strategie
Page 9 and 10: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sport, fitness an
Page 11 and 12: Implicit in the realisation of this
Page 13 and 14: • The transfer of the sport, fitn
Page 15 and 16: Part 1 BACKGROUND TO THE MINISTERIA
Page 17 and 18: Part 2 THE HISTORICAL SHAPING OF RE
Page 19 and 20: period has been observed by some sp
Page 21 and 22: • 1973 Council for Recreation and
Page 23 and 24: • Individual sport and leisure pu
Page 25 and 26: In performing its functions the Com
Page 27 and 28: 3.3 Other Government Agencies Invol
Page 29 and 30: incidence, severity and cost of inj
Page 31 and 32: 14,000-15,000 clubs. National Gover
Page 33 and 34: • Mountain Safety Council. • Pa
Page 35 and 36: 3.5.4 Gaming Machines 3.6 Summary I
Page 37 and 38: ensure the intangible benefits from
Page 39 and 40: 12= Suicide Depression, stress 14 O
Page 41 and 42: Osteoporosis and Skeletal Injury
Page 43 and 44: An Enhanced Sense of Identity and I
Page 45 and 46: 4.3 The Economic Benefit of Recreat
Page 47: Apple and Pear Marketing Board and
Page 51 and 52: • Recreation and sport organisati
Page 53 and 54: viability of such local and fundame
Page 55 and 56: • A drop-off has been recorded in
Page 57 and 58: • Professional sports have not cl
Page 59 and 60: • The appropriate development of
Page 61 and 62: 5.15 Media recreation and sport bod
Page 63 and 64: Part 6 THE FUTURE ENVIRONMENT AND S
Page 65 and 66: collaborating with all relevant gov
Page 67 and 68: Each has significant roles but crit
Page 69 and 70: • Two Board members will have an
Page 71 and 72: 6.7.1 Recreation Development This k
Page 73 and 74: • Advocate and facilitate integra
Page 75 and 76: • Support the rationalisation and
Page 77 and 78: Sport Development will develop poli
Page 79 and 80: The future elite sport framework mu
Page 81 and 82: opportunities for alternative study
Page 83 and 84: • Facilitate the rationalisation
Page 85 and 86: - explore potential research links
Page 87 and 88: ecreation and sport. In facilitatin
Page 89 and 90: Regional Alignments Active New Zeal
Page 91 and 92: • Implementation of a funding fra
Page 93 and 94: strategically planned and proactive
Page 95 and 96: doping control. The New Zealand Spo
Page 97 and 98: Part 7 IMPLEMENTING AND RESOURCING
Page 99 and 100:
Teacher Education • In three year
Page 101 and 102:
The Taskforce is unequivocal that t
Page 103 and 104:
Post-secondary • Each post-second
Page 105 and 106:
- Examine the possible development
Page 107 and 108:
A more holistic view of local gover
Page 109 and 110:
Each initiative noted above will ma
Page 111 and 112:
• A regional forum of funders and
Page 113 and 114:
7.4.1.4 Secondary School Regional R
Page 115 and 116:
($250,000 per centre with at least
Page 117 and 118:
7.5 Key Milestones To ensure the mo
Page 119 and 120:
- there are factors affecting the f
Page 121 and 122:
Events & Sponsorship Association of
Page 123 and 124:
Physical Activity Steering group Ph
Page 125 and 126:
Bill Thomas Bob Stothart Brendan Ho
Page 127 and 128:
Rick Ellis Robin McNeill Robyn Crus
Page 129 and 130:
Sport Auckland Simon Peterson, Chri
Page 131 and 132:
Nick Cowan Joan Erceg Tony Clemow J
Page 133 and 134:
Dunedin Participants Margie Campbel
Page 135 and 136:
Michael McLean Keith McAuliffe Bria
Page 137 and 138:
Andrew Hercus Joan Haythornwaite Ke
Page 139 and 140:
Gary Curtis Michele Hayes Claire Br
Page 141 and 142:
Steve Trudgeon Iris Thomas Bruce Cr
Page 143 and 144:
Diana Pohatu Mihi Aston Leigh Gibso
Page 145 and 146:
Appendix III TASKFORCE MEMBERS: Bio
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Bauman, A., & Owen, N.
Page 149 and 150:
Fletcher, G.F., Balady, G., Froelic
Page 151 and 152:
NZIER. (New Zealand Institute of Ec
Page 153:
Volkerling, M. (2000). Sport as Cul
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