The Collected Works of EDITH STEIN ON THE PROBLEM OF EMPATHY

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38 Edith Stein ing the bankruptcy o{'scientific investigation. And if science is not permitted to do this, then especially not philosophy. For here there is no longer any domain into which it can push unsolved questions as all other clisciplines can. 'fhis means that philosophy must give the final answer, gain final clarity. rv!'e have final clarity and no questions remain open rvhen we have achieved what we call progres5-1|rs constitution of'transcendental objects in immanently given. pure consciousness. This is the goal of'phenomenology. Now let us lurn to the c()nstitution of'the indiviclual and make clear, in the first place, what an individual is. l. The Pure "f" So far rve have alrvays spoken of the pure "1" as the

40 Edith Stein soul. But, as we already saw in examining inner perception. am()ng our experiences there is orre basic experience given to us which, together u'ith its persistent attributes, becomes apparenr in our experiences as the identical "bearer" of'them. 'I'his is the substantial soul. We have already become acquainted with single such psvchic attributes, too. -fhe acLlteness of our senses apparent in our outer perceptions is such an at.tribute. Another is the energ! apparent in our conduct. -fhe tension or laxity' of our volitions manif'ests the vivacity and strength or the weakness of our will. Its persistenct' is found in its duration. The intensity of our feelings, the ease with u'hich they appear, the excitability of our sentiments, etc. disclose our disposition. It is hardly necessary to follow out these relationships further. We take the soul to be a substantial unity which, entirely analofl()us to the physical thing, is made up of categorical elentents and the sequence of'catep;ories. Its elements appear as individual instances r>f these categt>ries, and the soul firrms a parallel to the sequence of experiential categories. Among these categorical elements there are s()me that point beyond the isolated soul to col)- rrecti()ns with other psychic as well as physical unities, to impressi

40 Edith Stein<br />

soul. But, as we already saw in examining inner perception.<br />

am()ng our experiences there is orre basic experience given to us<br />

which, together u'ith its persistent attributes, becomes apparenr<br />

in our experiences as the identical "bearer" <strong>of</strong>'them. 'I'his is the<br />

substantial soul. We have already become acquainted with single<br />

such psvchic attributes, too. -fhe acLlteness <strong>of</strong> our senses apparent<br />

in our outer perceptions is such an at.tribute. Another is the<br />

energ! apparent in our conduct. -fhe tension or laxity' <strong>of</strong> our<br />

volitions manif'ests the vivacity and strength or the weakness <strong>of</strong><br />

our will. Its persistenct' is found in its duration. <strong>The</strong> intensity <strong>of</strong><br />

our feelings, the ease with u'hich they appear, the excitability <strong>of</strong><br />

our sentiments, etc. disclose our disposition.<br />

It is hardly necessary to follow out these relationships further.<br />

We take the soul to be a substantial unity which, entirely anal<strong>of</strong>l()us<br />

to the physical thing, is made up <strong>of</strong> categorical elentents and<br />

the sequence <strong>of</strong>'catep;ories. Its elements appear as individual instances<br />

r>f these categt>ries, and the soul firrms a parallel to the<br />

sequence <strong>of</strong> experiential categories. Among these categorical elements<br />

there are s()me that point beyond the isolated soul to col)-<br />

rrecti()ns with other psychic as well as physical unities, to impressi

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