Lab 1 TNK106: Software Introduction Part I - ArcMAP

TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Lab 1 TNK106: Software Introduction Part I - ArcMAP
The ArcMap introduction is not mandatory, it can be skipped if you feel comfortable using a GIS
software. Support files for the lab are available in the study directory: S:\TN\K\TNK106.
Task 0: Before the lab session starts, do Part I on your own. Also make sure you can run the program
LabTest.java without errors using Eclipse.
Step
1
Step
2
Start ArcMap and open a map document
Start ArcMap by double-clicking the ArcMap shortcut icon on your
desktop or by clicking Start > All Programs > ArcGIS > ArcMap 10.
In the ArcMap Getting Started dialog box, under Existing maps, click
"Browse for more."
Browse to the folder where the course exercise data is saved. This is
in the folder S:\TN\K\TNK106\Lab1.
In the LearnArcGIS10\Start folder, double-click tourism.mxd to
open the map document.
When the map opens, you see a page layout with the title "San
Diego, California." It contains two maps. The small map at the lower
right of the page is a locator map of the United States, on which
New York City and San Diego are represented as red points. The
larger map shows San Diego.
The page layout should fill the display area and be centered within
it. If your layout does not fill the map area, click the Zoom Whole
Page button on the Layout toolbar.
To the left of the map display area, you see the Table of Contents,
which shows a list of the data layers that are represented in each of
the maps. A checkmark next to a layer name means that the layer is
visible on the map.
Explore the United States map
In the Table of Contents, you see two icons with the names San
Diego and United States. San Diego and United States are called
data frames. In ArcGIS, data frames are the containers for the
layers shown on a map. Like here, you can have multiple data
frames in one map document. Basically, a data frame is equivalent
to a map.
In the Table of Contents, right-click United States and choose
Activate.
Click in some white space at the bottom of the Table of Contents to
unselect the data frame name.
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
The United States data frame now is active. Its name displays in
bold. In the map display area, the small United States map is
surrounded by a gray dashed line.
The active data frame is the one you are working with. You can work
with only one data frame at a time.
In the Table of Contents, uncheck the box next to the States layer.
The states have disappeared from the map. In ArcMap, you turn
layers on and off by checking and unchecking them in the Table of
Contents.
Turn the States layer back on.
Click the minus sign in front of the United States data frame to
collapse it as shown below.
Step
3
Now you will turn your attention to the San Diego data frame. After
all, you have a trip to plan.
Zoom in to San Diego
In the Table of Contents, right-click San Diego and choose Activate.
To see more details of the San Diego area, you will zoom in.
On the Tools toolbar, click the Zoom In tool .
Click in the center of the San Diego map and draw a box.
When you zoom in, the map's scale changes. The scale is shown in a
box above the map display area.
Don't worry if the number in your scale box is different from the one
shown above. The scale depends on how large your ArcMap window
is, large your map display area is, and how large a box you drew
when you zoomed in.
The scale is the ratio between the size of features on the map and
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Step
4
the size of those same features on the earth. If the scale is
1:59,886, that means that one unit on the map is equal to 59,886
units in the real world—or, that features in the real world are 59,886
times larger than they are on the map.
The Zoom In tool should still be active. Click in the center of the
map.
Notice that the scale number decreased. You will learn more about
scale later in this topic, but so far, you've learned that you can
change the scale in a GIS map by using the Zoom In tool two
different ways—by drawing a box and by clicking the map.
You can also change the scale by typing directly into the scale box.
Click in the scale box and delete the current number. Type 50000
(50 thousand) and press Enter.
The map display changes. Now you can see more streets on the
map.
The Surface Streets layer is set to display only when the number in
the scale box is 50,000 or less. Because the surface streets are now
visible in the map, their symbol is no longer grayed-out in the Table
of Contents.
On the Tools toolbar, click the Pan tool . Click in the center of the
map and drag to the right, then release the mouse button.
Did you notice that the scale did not change? Panning a map is a
way to see different areas of the map at the same scale.
To get the San Diego map back to what it looked like before you
started zooming and panning, you will use a bookmark. A bookmark
is like a snapshot—it's an area of the map saved at a particular
scale.
From the Bookmarks menu, choose San Diego City.
San Diego is a large city, but you know you want to stay near the
ocean. In the next steps, you will explore the downtown area of San
Diego.
Switch to Data view and label hotels
In ArcMap, there are two views for working with your data: Layout
view and Data view. So far, you have been exploring the map in
Layout view. In order to explore the data in more detail, you will
switch to data view.
Click the View menu and choose Data View.
If your Layout toolbar is floating on the map, dock it to the ArcMap
window or close it by clicking the X in the upper right corner of the
toolbar.
Note the following visible differences between Data view and Layout
view:
The map layout elements (north arrow, legend, and scale bar)
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
do not display.
In Data view, you see only one map at a time (the active data
frame).
In the Table of Contents, check the box next to Hotels to see the
hotels display on the map.
Click the Zoom In tool and zoom in on the cluster of hotels along the
coast, the area where you're interested in staying.
On the Tools toolbar, click the Select Elements tool . Pause your
mouse pointer over the hotel symbols just south of the Interstate 5
freeway.
The hotel name displays as a MapTip when you hover over its
symbol.
To see the names of all the hotels at once, you will turn on their
labels.
Right-click Hotels and choose Label Features.
Step
5
Find a hotel and get information about it
You participate in the Marriott Rewards program and are happy to
see a couple of Marriott hotels on the map. Hopefully, you can find
one that's located near the trolley line and the ocean. It would be a
huge cost savings if you could walk or take the trolley instead of
renting a car.
With a GIS map, you can quickly locate all the hotels you're
interested in. You will use the Find tool to locate all the Marriott
hotels.
On the Tools toolbar, click the Find tool .
The Find dialog box opens.
Click the Features tab, if necessary.
In the Find text box, type Marriott.
Click the drop-down arrow next to the "In" text box and choose
Hotels.
Click Find.
The Find tool returns five results at the bottom of the dialog box.
Expand the dialog box if necessary to see all the find results.
Move the Find dialog box so you can see both it and the map at the
same time.
At the bottom of the Find dialog box, right-click Marriott Suites Hotel
and choose Flash.
If you were watching, you should have seen the hotel flash on the
map.
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
If you didn't see the hotel flash on the map, try it again.
Now flash the location of Marriott Hotel and Marina.
It's close to the water and the trolley line, making it easily accessible
to attractions you want to visit while in San Diego.
You'd like to get the telephone number for the Marriott Hotel and
Marina to call for a reservation.
In the Find dialog box, right-click Marriott Hotel and Marina and
choose Identify.
The Identify window opens. It may open on top of your Table of
Contents. You can move it if you like.
The Identify window shows a list of information about the Marriott
Hotel and Marina, including its phone number. (You may need to
scroll down to see the phone number.)
If necessary, enlarge the Identify window so you can see all the
information about the hotel.
Features on a GIS map are linked to a database that contains
information about the features.
What is the hotel's telephone number?
Now that you have the phone number for the hotel, you can call to
make reservations.
Close the Identify window.
In the Find dialog box, right-click Marriott Hotel and Marina and
choose Select.
Close the Find dialog box.
Now you see a cyan dot over the symbol for Marriott Hotel and
Marina, which indicates that the feature is selected. You will keep
this hotel selected so you can easily see where it is in comparison to
the trolley line and major attractions.
In the Table of Contents, right-click Hotels and click Label Features
to turn off the labels.
Step
6
Get information about major attractions
Next, you'll explore some of the attractions you'd like to visit while
you're in San Diego. First, you'll explore attractions close to the
hotel.
In the Table of Contents, check Major Attractions.
Right-click Major Attractions and choose Open Attribute Table.
This table contains information about each major attraction that's
displayed on the map. It's another way to view information about
the features in a layer. In the previous step, you accessed
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
information about a feature using the Identify window.
In this table, each major attraction has its own record, or row, in the
table. Each column represents a type of information, or attribute, for
each record.
Scroll to the right of the table and examine the fields.
Right-click the NAME field name and choose Sort Ascending.
Now all the major attractions are sorted alphabetically. This makes it
easier to find a particular attraction.
Scroll down until you find Seaport Village, a coastal retail area with
shops and restaurants.
Click the gray box to the left of the record.
The Seaport Village record is selected in the table. In a GIS map,
you can select features on the map or in the table.
What is the address of Seaport Village?
Close the table.
On the map, the symbol for Seaport Village is selected, just west of
the selected hotel.
Seaport Village and the Marriott Hotel and Marina are located on the
same road. In the next step, you will measure the distance between
the two locations to see if they're within walking distance of each
other.
Step
7
Measure distance between features
To make it easier to measure the distance between the hotel and
Seaport Village, first you will zoom in closer.
Click the Zoom In tool and draw a box around the two selected
features.
Click the Measure tool .
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
The Measure window opens.
Notice that your mouse pointer changes to a ruler when you move it
over the map.
At the top left in the Measure window, the Measure Line button
should be selected (depressed).
You will set the distance units to miles.
To the right of the Measure Line button, click the Choose Units down
arrow , point to Distance, and click Miles.
If necessary, move the Measure window out of the way.
Click the symbol for the Marriott Hotel and Marina, then move your
mouse pointer west, over to the symbol for Seaport Village.
Tip: If you don't remember which symbol is the hotel, pause
your mouse pointer over the symbol to see its MapTip.
Double-click the Seaport Village symbol to measure the distance.
Look at the Measure window.
The distance you measured displays there.
Approximately how far is it from the Marriott Hotel and Marina to
Seaport Village?
Notice that the trolley line is also close to the hotel.
Use the Measure tool to measure the distance from the Marriott
Hotel and Marina to the nearest trolley stop. If necessary, use the
Pan tool
to see the nearest trolley stop.
Approximately how far is the nearest trolley stop?
Close the Measure window.
Next, you'll see if you can take the trolley to the San Diego Zoo and
Qualcomm Stadium, two other attractions you want to visit.
Step
8
Find attractions and determine the best method of
transportation
You're a big sports fan. You have already done some research and
found out there's a game you want to see while you're in San Diego.
The game is at Qualcomm Stadium. In this step, you will see if the
trolley will take you there.
On the Tools toolbar, click the Clear Selected Features
From the Bookmarks menu, choose San Diego City.
In the Table of Contents, uncheck Major Roads.
Right-click Major Attractions and choose Label Features.
button.
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Step
9
Look for Qualcomm Stadium on the map.
It looks like there's a trolley stop very close to the stadium.
Click the Identify tool .
On the map, click the trolley stop closest to Qualcomm Stadium.
The Identify window opens. At the top of the Identify window,
choose Trolley Stops in the drop-down list.
Click the trolley stop closest to Qualcomm Stadium again.
What is the name of the trolley stop?
Close the Identify window.
Now look for the San Diego Zoo on the map.
You have always heard how beautiful the San Diego Zoo is and
would really like to visit it on your trip. In the next step, you'll get
more information about the zoo.
Use a hyperlink for the San Diego Zoo Web site
A GIS map can include hyperlinks to documents, images, and even
Web sites. On this map, there's a hyperlink to the San Diego Zoo
Web site. The Web site likely has information about getting to the
zoo.
Zoom in to the San Diego Zoo symbol. Uncheck the Surface Streets
layer in the Table of Contents so you can better see the zoo symbol.
Click the Hyperlink tool , then click the San Diego Zoo symbol
(Tip: Click the blue dot over the symbol).
The Web site for the San Diego Zoo should open in a new browser
window or tab.
If the Web site doesn't open, try clicking the blue dot again. You
need to click in the center of the dot.
In the Plan Your Trip section, look at the Directions information.
Would you take the trolley from the Marriott Hotel and Marina to
visit the zoo?
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Step
10
Close the browser tab or window with the San Diego Zoo Web site.
Exit ArcMap
From the File menu, choose Exit. Click No when asked if you want to
save changes.
This exercise introduced you to some of the features of a GIS map.
You were able to quickly plan a fun-filled trip to San Diego. You
found a hotel, saw where the attractions you want to visit are
located, and determined how you'll get around. All that's left now is
to pack your bags!
While exploring this GIS map, you were able to view features at
different scales and access information about them. Now that you've
gotten your feet wet with GIS, you're ready to learn more about
what's going on behind the scenes.
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Lab 1 TNK106: Software introduction – Part II
In this part you will access geographical data from the open source geodatabase PostGIS, which is an
extension to the commonly used open source relation database PostgreSQL. You will access the
database in three different ways, first using ArcMAP to visualize and do minor analysis on the data
set, and then using Java to try a more generic way of viewing and manipulating data in a spatial
database. Finally, you will use Matlab to do some calculations and visualize the output.
If you are not familiar with databases and SQL, have a look at this tutorial and play with the SQL
queries:
http://sqlzoo.net/0.htm and http://sqlzoo.net/select_group_by.htm
If you are new to java and/or Eclipse, have a look at this tutorial:
http://www.vogella.de/articles/Eclipse/article.html
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Before you can access the database you need to create a SSH tunnel to the server which hosts the
database, you can do that using the SSH client Putty. Putty creates a secure connection to a certain
port on the remote machine, and you need to specify that port, which is 5432 as default for all
PostgreSQL databases.
Start putty and configure the following parameters (if Putty is not available on your computer, simply
search for “putty download” in e.g. Google):
Host: kalle@millennium.itn.liu.se
You also need to specify the tunnel by putting in the following information:
Source port: 5432
Destination: localhost:5432
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Now click the Add button. When you click open, a command shell will show up and you are prompted
for password, which is: Pad#901i
The SSH tunnel is now set-up; let’s start by accessing the database using ArcMap.
Access through ArcMap
Start ArcMAP and click on File/Add data/Add query layer in the top menu, by clicking on
Connections…/New... the following dialogue will show up, fill in the following values and click OK:
DBMS Client: postgresql
Username: postgres
Data Source: localhost
Database: millennium
Password: Pad#901i
When you click on OK you will see all the tables that are available in the database. Double click on
the table millennium.public.tnk106, give the query a name, Validate the query and then press Finish.
The layer contains measurements on a cellular network together with location information and is
collected using an Android application that uses the GPS to determine the position. The data that is
recorded is the current base station in use (cellid) and the current signal strength (snr). This data can
for example be used for calculating a position based on cell phone measurements without using the
GPS.
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TNK106 – Lab1 instructions 2012-08-28
Task 1: When the layer is loaded, explore the data and visualize both signal strength (snr) and cell id
(cellid) on the map simultaneously.
Hints:
For visualization you can right-click on the layer and click on properties/symbology.
For the map you can use File/Add data/Add basemap/Bing Maps Road.
Task 2: Use ArcMap to calculate the average signal strength of all cellid:s that are available in the
data set.
Hint:
Open the attribute table and select data by attributes. For a certain selection, right click on the
column you want to show statistics for.
If you want to build a location-based service or want to access the data without buying a license for
ArcMap (which is really expensive), you can also access the data directly using for example Java and
SQL.
Access through Java
Start a new project in Eclipse and copy the file LabTest.java into the project folder named src. Before
you can run the file you need to make sure Eclipse finds the drivers for the database connection, do
that by adding the PostGIS and PostGRE jar files available on S: to the Eclipse project. Right-click on
the project and choose Build path/Add external archives. Run the test file and observe what happens.
Task 3: Modify the program to do the same as you did in ArcMap, i.e. calculate the average snr for
the different cellid:s. Also find the maximum longitude and latitude from the_geom column and
verify your result by examining the point in ArcMAP.
Access through Matlab
If you want to do mathematical calculations and plotting of a dataset and are not writing a
commercial service, Matlab is a very powerful and commonly used tool. Start Matlab and run the
script image_plot_from_db.m to collect longitude and latitude of the same data set as before into
Matlab.
Task 4: Modify the script to visualize the points on the picture lab1_map.jpg. To do this you need to
transform longitude and latitude to a local coordinate system for the picture. Verify your result by
comparing the points with the points in ArcMAP. A Matlab function (transform_koord.m) with
information about picture size and map size in longitude and latitude, is also available in S:.
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